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"Penelitian tentang "Pandangan dan perilaku Penduduk Segara Anakan terhadap Lingkungannya" di lakukan di Desa Klaces Kecamatan Kampung Laut kawasan Segara Anakan Kabupaten Cilacap

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"Tinggi badan adalah salah satu indikator klinik utama dalam menentukan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) dalam menentukan status gizi individu/populasi. Namun, pengukuran tinggi badan manusia usia lanjut (manula) cukup sulit dilakukan dan reliabilitasnya diragukan. Persamaan estimasi tinggi badan dari pengukuran tinggi lutut untuk memprediksi tinggi badan manula yaitu persamaan Chumlea telah dikembangkan beberapa tahun lalu, tetapi belum ada studi yang dilakukan di Indonesia untuk mengembangkan suatu persamaan bagi pengukuran tinggi badan populasi usia lanjut menurut bermacam-macam kelompok etnis. Oleh karena itu, suatu cross sectional studi untuk mengembangkan persamaan tinggi badan manula berdasarkan pengukuran dua parameter yaitu tinggi lutut dan panjang depa (knee height dan arm span) telah dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2005 lalu. Total 217 manula (usia 60 - 92 tahun) dari 3 kelompok etnik yaitu: Jawa (56,7%), Cina (31,3%), dan lain-lain (12,0%) berpartisipasi dalam studi ini. Pengukuran antropometri termasuk berat badan, tinggi badan, panjang depa, dan tinggi lutut dilakukan oleh ahli gizi terlatih. Kesalahan inter dan intra observer dilakukan untuk pengukuran antropometri tinggi lutut dan panjang depa manula. Temuan utama studi adalah rata-rata usia manula asal Cina adalah tertinggi di antara suku lainnya; kebanyakan manula mengalami gizi kurang (43%); distribusi rata-rata tinggi lutut dan panjang depa hampir sama di tiap kelompok etnis; ada perbedaan signifikan antara tinggi lutut dengan tinggi badan sebenarnya pada wanita lanjut usia (lansia), dan korelasi tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh parameter tinggi lutut pada wanita lansia dan panjang depa pada pria lansia. Persamaan Chumlea menunjukkan kecenderungan under-estimate pada pria lansia dan over-estimate pada tinggi badan wanita lansia. Kesimpulannya, tinggi badan tegak/sebenarnya merupakan teknik ideal untuk estimasi tinggi badan lansia. Tetapi, pada kasus di mana pengukuran itu sendiri tidak memungkinkan atau tidak reliable, maka tinggi badan dapat diestimasi dari indikator proksi tinggi badan. Pada studi ini, panjang depa menggambarkan korelasi tertinggi dengan tinggi badan sebenarnya pada pria lansia , dan tinggi lutut pada wanita lansia.

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The Equation of Prediction Stature Based on Age and Ethnic in Six Institutionalized Elderly at DKI Jakarta and Tangerang, Year 2005. Height is an important clinical indicator to derive body mass index (BMI) predicting the nutritional status. However, height measurement in the elderly may impose some difficulties and the reliability is doubtful. Equations estimating height from knee height parameter to predict stature in elderly i.e. Chumlea have been developed, but no one study has developed an equation for Indonesian population according to variety of ethnics. Therefore, a cross sectional study was conducted to develop equations using two types of anthropometric measurements (knee height and arm span) for estimating stature in Indonesian elderly. A total of 217 elderly (aged 60 to 92 years old) from three major ethnic groups Javanese (56.7%), Chinese (31.3%), and others (12.0%) participated in this study. Anthropometric measurement included body weight, height, arm span, and knee height were carried out by trained nutritionist. Inter and intra observer errors was calculated for each anthropometric measurement of arm span and knee height of elderly. Main findings of this study were the mean of age of Chinese was the highest among other ethnics; the most elderly suffered from underweight (43%); the distribution of mean knee height and arm span was almost similar in each ethnic group; there was a significant difference between knee height with stature in elderly women, and the highest correlation indicated by knee height in elderly women and arm span in elderly men. Chumlea equation showed tend to be under-estimate in stature of elderly men and over-estimate in stature of elderly women. In conclusion, standing height is an ideal technique for estimating the stature of elderly. However, in cases where its measurement is not possible or reliable, height can be estimated from proxy indicators of stature. In this study, arm span showed the highest correlation with standing height in elderly men, and knee height in elderly women.;The Equation of Prediction Stature Based on Age and Ethnic in Six Institutionalized Elderly at DKI Jakarta and Tangerang, Year 2005. Height is an important clinical indicator to derive body mass index (BMI) predicting the nutritional status. However, height measurement in the elderly may impose some difficulties and the reliability is doubtful. Equations estimating height from knee height parameter to predict stature in elderly i.e. Chumlea have been developed, but no one study has developed an equation for Indonesian population according to variety of ethnics. Therefore, a cross sectional study was conducted to develop equations using two types of anthropometric measurements (knee height and arm span) for estimating stature in Indonesian elderly. A total of 217 elderly (aged 60 to 92 years old) from three major ethnic groups Javanese (56.7%), Chinese (31.3%), and others (12.0%) participated in this study. Anthropometric measurement included body weight, height, arm span, and knee height were carried out by trained nutritionist. Inter and intra observer errors was calculated for each anthropometric measurement of arm span and knee height of elderly. Main findings of this study were the mean of age of Chinese was the highest among other ethnics; the most elderly suffered from underweight (43%); the distribution of mean knee height and arm span was almost similar in each ethnic group; there was a significant difference between knee height with stature in elderly women, and the highest correlation indicated by knee height in elderly women and arm span in elderly men. Chumlea equation showed tend to be under-estimate in stature of elderly men and over-estimate in stature of elderly women. In conclusion, standing height is an ideal technique for estimating the stature of elderly. However, in cases where its measurement is not possible or reliable, height can be estimated from proxy indicators of stature. In this study, arm span showed the highest correlation with standing height in elderly men, and knee height in elderly women.;The Equation of Prediction Stature Based on Age and Ethnic in Six Institutionalized Elderly at DKI Jakarta and Tangerang, Year 2005. Height is an important clinical indicator to derive body mass index (BMI) predicting the nutritional status. However, height measurement in the elderly may impose some difficulties and the reliability is doubtful. Equations estimating height from knee height parameter to predict stature in elderly i.e. Chumlea have been developed, but no one study has developed an equation for Indonesian population according to variety of ethnics. Therefore, a cross sectional study was conducted to develop equations using two types of anthropometric measurements (knee height and arm span) for estimating stature in Indonesian elderly. A total of 217 elderly (aged 60 to 92 years old) from three major ethnic groups Javanese (56.7%), Chinese (31.3%), and others (12.0%) participated in this study. Anthropometric measurement included body weight, height, arm span, and knee height were carried out by trained nutritionist. Inter and intra observer errors was calculated for each anthropometric measurement of arm span and knee height of elderly. Main findings of this study were the mean of age of Chinese was the highest among other ethnics; the most elderly suffered from underweight (43%); the distribution of mean knee height and arm span was almost similar in each ethnic group; there was a significant difference between knee height with stature in elderly women, and the highest correlation indicated by knee height in elderly women and arm span in elderly men. Chumlea equation showed tend to be under-estimate in stature of elderly men and over-estimate in stature of elderly women. In conclusion, standing height is an ideal technique for estimating the stature of elderly. However, in cases where its measurement is not possible or reliable, height can be estimated from proxy indicators of stature. In this study, arm span showed the highest correlation with standing height in elderly men, and knee height in elderly women."

"Community-based tourism (CBT) as an approach in the development of tourism can be viewed as an alternative to the development of tourism which have so far has been widely acknowledged. As a relatively new approach to tourism development, it's interesting the to study and analyze its application in a research aimed to identifying values of local wisdom of Kampung naga, and then review it using the qualitive approaches, with data collection through observation, interviews and literature review. The especially the value of togetherness, simplicity, independent, and specific pattern on spacial and agriculture, are able to encourage implementation of CBT principles in Kampung Naga."

"Proporsi jumlah penduduk usia tua di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Hal ini menggambarkan bahwa usia harapan hidup masyarakat juga meningkat. Salah satu upaya untuk menilai status gizi dari lansia dapat dilihat dari Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) yaitu berat badan dan tinggi badan. Namun, pengukuran tinggi badan tegak pada lansia tidak dapat dilakukan karena skoliosis, kifosis, cacat, dan patah tulang. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk memperoleh model prediksi tinggi badan pada pra lansia (45-59 tahun) dan lansia (60-90 tahun) berdasarkan panjang depa, tinggi lutut, usia, dan jenis kelamin. Studi ini dilakukan pada 202 (90 orang laki-laki dan 112 orang perempuan) pra lansia dan lansia, di Kecamatan Bojongsari, Kota Depok, Jawa Barat. Studi menggunakan desain cross sectional. Kriteria inklusi responden adalah laki-laki maupun perempuan dengan usia 45-90 tahun, memiliki kondisi tubuh yang sehat atau masih mampu berdiri tegak, serta dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik. Kriteria eksklusi responden adalah lansia yang memiliki salah satu tangan tidak dapat direntangkan karena patah tulang atau sebab tertentu, mengalami patah tulang/kaki palsu, dan gangguan komunikasi. Hasil dari studi ini menunjukkan bahwa korelasi panjang depa dengan tinggi badan pada laki-laki r = 0,86 perempuan r = 0,71. Korelasi tinggi lutut dengan tinggi badan pada laki-laki r = 0,79 perempuan r = 0,72. Model prediksi tinggi badan dapat dilakukan dengan prediktor panjang depa, tinggi lutut, dan usia. Model prediksi ini dapat diaplikasikan pada pasien yang diamputasi atau gangguan patah tulang.

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Proportion of elderly in Indonesia increases. This situation describe that the life expectation have also increased. A tools to assess the nutritional status of the elderly can be seen from the Body Mass Index (BMI) from weight and height. However, measurement of height in elderly can nott be obtained because scholiosis, khifosis, deformity, of fracture. The purpose of this study was to obtain the height prediction model in middle-age (45-59 years) and elderly (60-90 years) based on arm span, knee height, age, and gender. The study was conducted on 202 (90 men and 112 women) middle-age and elderly, in Bojongsari District, Depok, West Java.

This study use cross-sectional design. Inclusion criteria for the respondents were men and women aged 45-90 years, having a healthy body condition or still able to stand upright, and can communicate well. Exclusion criteria were elderly respondents who had one hand can not be stretched because of fracture or a particular cause, suffered a rosthetic limbs, and discommunication.

Results of this study indicate that the correlation arm span to height for men women r = 0.86 r = 0.71. Knee hight correlation with height in men women r = 0.79 r = 0.72. The new height prediction models can formed using arm span, knee height, and age. The predictive models can be applied to patients who amputated or fracture."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor apa yang mempengaruhi pemanfaatan pos pembinaan terpadu lanjut usia di wilayah kerja puskesmas ciomas tahun 2012 dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif studi cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel sebesar 216 orang. Analisis data menggunakan Uji kai kuadrat.Hasil penelitian didapatkan pemanfaatan pos pembinaan terpadu lanjut usia di wilayah kerja puskesmas ciomas sangat rendah yaitu sebesar 23,6% dengan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan rendahnya pemanfaatan pos pembinaan terpadu lanjut usia adalah pendidikan (P=0,01), pengetahuan (P=0,000), sikap (P=0,018), jarak dan transportasi (P=0,001), dukungan keluarga (P=0,000), peran petugas kesehatan (P=0,000), peran Kader (P=0,000), kebutuhan (P=0,000).Untuk meningkatkan pemanfaatan pos pembinaan terpadu lanjut usia maka perlu dibentuk pos pembinaan terpadu lanjut usia di setiap RW, perlunya advokasi ke aparat desa untuk penyediaan sarana prasarana dan pemberian reward kepada kader yang aktif, sosialisasi keberadaan pos pembinaan terpadu lanjut usia kepada kader, tokoh masyarakat, tokoh agama, lembaga swadaya masyarakat, PKK dan masyarakat, menambah kegiatan senam lansia, pengajian, keterampilan dan lain-lain di pos pembinaan terpadu lansia.

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This study aims to determine what factors affect the utilization of integrated postal development in the region of elderly health centers in 2012 Ciomas using descriptive cross sectional study with a sample of 216 people. Test data analysis using quadratic kai.

The results obtained integrated utilization of postal coaching elderly health centers in the region of very low Ciomas by 23.6% to the factors associated with low utilization of integrated coaching post is the education of older (P = 0.01), knowledge (P = 0.000), attitude (P = 0.018), and transport distance (P = 0.001), family support (P = 0.000), the role of health workers (P = 0.000), the role of Kader (P = 0.000), requirement (P = 0.000).

To increase the utilization of integrated coaching post the elderly need to be established integrated coaching post at each RW elderly, the need for advocacy to village officials for the provision of infrastructure and provision of rewards to active cadres, socialization of the existence of integrated coaching post to the cadre of older, community leaders, religious leaders, nongovernmental organizations, PKK and the community, add gymnastics events elderly, recitals, and other skills in the elderly integrated coaching post."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Gangguan keseimbangan dan mobilitas merupakan penyebab terbesar disabilitas pada usia lanjut 60 tahun atau lebih. Keseimbangan dan mobilitas merupakan faktor penting dalam melakukan aktivitas fungsional. Masalah paling serius dari gangguan mobilitas adalah kecenderungan usia lanjut untuk jatuh dan menjadi cedera akibat jatuh. Faktor lainnya yang mempengaruhi jatuh adalah rasa takut jatuh. Latihan keseimbangan dapat menurunkan insiden jatuh pada usia lanjut, namun usia lanjut yang berisiko jatuh sering menolak untuk mengikuti program latihan di rumah sakit. Program latihan di rumah memungkinkan individu untuk latihan secara mandiri, dengan biaya yang murah, dan sesuai untuk usia lanjut dengan keterbatasan akses ke fasilitas latihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan keseimbangan yang dilakukan di rumah selama 8 minggu terhadap mobilitas fungsional dan rasa takut jatuh pada usia lanjut.Metode: Disain penelitian ini adalah Randomized Controlled Trial. Populasi terjangkau adalah usia lanjut ≥ 60 tahun yang ada di Poliklinik Geriatri Terpadu dan Poliklinik Rehabilitasi Medik rumah sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling, dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok secara randomisasi permutasi blok. Kelompok keseimbangan diberi latihan keseimbangan dan kelompok kontrol diberi latihan penguatan ekstremitas atas selama 8 minggu. Untuk menilai mobilitas fungsional digunakan uji Time Up and Go (TUG), sedangkan rasa takut jatuh dinilai dengan instrumen Falls Efficacy Scale – International (FES-I).Hasil: 94 responden mengikuti program latihan sampai selesai, kelompok keseimbangan (46 orang) dengan rerata umur 69,7 ± 6,03 tahun, dan kelompok kontrol (48 orang) dengan rerata umur 70,35 ± 6,95 tahun. Nilai uji TUG kelompok keseimbangan pada minggu ke-1 adalah 10,11 (7,41-16,52) detik dan menurun menjadi 9,24 (7,11-17,00) detik setelah 8 minggu latihan, (p < 0,001), dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol terdapat penurunan yang signifikan pada uji TUG minggu ke-1 dan minggu ke-8, p = 0,001. Nilai FES-I minggu ke-1 adalah 23,0 (16-38), dan setelah 8 minggu latihan terdapat penurunan menjadi 18,5 (16-35), p < 0,001, namun dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan, p = 0,166 Kesimpulan: Terdapat peningkatan mobilitas fungsional yang bermakna secara statistik berdasarkan uji TUG pada kelompok keseimbangan dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol, setelah 8 minggu latihan. Dan terdapat penurunan rasa takut jatuh yang diukur menggunakan nilai FES-I pada kelompok keseimbangan setelah 8 minggu latihan, namun dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol tidak ada perbedaan bermakna.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Impaired balance and mobility are the biggest cause of disability in the elderly 60 years or more. Balance and mobility is an important factor in performing functional activities. The most serious problem is the tendency of the mobility-impaired elderly to fall and be injured by falling. Another factor affecting the fall is fear of falling. Balance training can reduce the incidence of falls in the elderly, however, older adults who are at risk usually refuse to participate in hospital-based exercise programs. Home-based exercises may allow individuals to practice independently, with low cost, and may be appropriate for the elderly with limited access to exercise facilities. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of balance exercises done at home for 8 weeks on functional mobility and the fear of falling in the elderly.Methods: The design of the study was randomized controlled trial. The population was the elderly ≥ 60 years old at Integrated Geriatric Polyclinic and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Polyclinic in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta who fit the criteria. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling, and were divided into two groups by randomized block permutation. The balance group was given balance exercises and the control group was given upper extremity strengthening exercises for 8 weeks. Functional mobility was assessed by Time Up and Go test (TUG), and to assess fear of falling was used the Falls Efficacy Scale - International (FES-I) instrument.Results: 94 respondents were completed the exercise program, the balance group (46 people) mean age 69.7 ± 6.03 years old, and the control group (48 people) mean age 70.35 ± 6.95 years old. TUG test in balance group was 10.11 (7.41-16.52) seconds at week-1 and improved to 9.24 (7.11-17.00) seconds after 8 weeks training, (p < 0.001). Compared to the control, the balance group had significantly improvement between TUG test week-1 and week-8, p = 0.001. FES-I test in balance group was 23.0 (16-38) at week-1 and after 8 weeks there is a decline to 18.5 (16-35), p < 0.001, but compared to the control group showed no significant difference, p = 0.166 .Conclusion: There is statistically significant increasing of functional mobility based on the TUG test in the balance group compared to the control group, after 8 weeks of training program, and there is a statistically significant reduction in fear of falling were measured using FES-I instrument in the balance group after 8 weeks of training program, but compared to the control group there is no significant difference."

"Penelitian-penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa perawatan anggota rumah tangga lansia yang mengalami disabilitas dan membutuhkan long-term care lebih banyak dilakukan oleh perempuan dan berpotensi mempengaruhi alokasi waktu yang dimiliki perempuan tersebut antara untuk perawatan anggota keluarga termasuk lansia, dan berperan aktif dalam angkatan kerja. Perempuan, terutama perempuan kawin, biasanya akan keluar dari pasar kerja atau mengurangi jam kerja mereka apabila terdapat lansia yang membutuhkan perawatan di dalam rumah tangganya. Menggunakan data SUSENAS Kor 2018 dan regresi multinomial dan regresi tobit, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara skor gangguan fungsional lansia, yang merupakan pendekatan kebutuhan long-term care, dengan status bekerja (formal dan informal) dan jam kerja perempuan kawin yang ada di Indonesia.Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa lansia yang tinggal bersama dengan perempuan kawin di Indonesia secara rata-rata masih berada pada kelompok lansia "muda" dan dalam taraf belum membutuhkan long-term care. Dengan kondisi demikian, penelitian ini belum dapat menunjukkan hubungan yang negatif dan signifikan antara peningkatan skor gangguan fungsional lansia dan status bekerja (formal dan informal) serta jam kerja perempuan kawin yang tinggal bersama dengan lansia tersebut.

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Previous studies showed that the caregiving to disabled and requiring long-term care elderly is mostly performed by women. The caregiving women, especially the married ones, often facing the problem of time allocations, between work and caring for family members and disabled elderly. Using SUSENAS Kor 2018 data, this study investigates the relationship between the score of functional impairment of the elderly, which is an approach to long-term care needs, with working status (formal and informal) and working hours of married women co-residing with the elderly in Indonesia.This study found that the elderly who co-reside with married women in Indonesia are, on average, still in the "young old" age group and at the stage where they do not need long-term care yet. Consequently, this study provides no evidence of the negative and significant relationship between the increasing scores of functional impairment of the elderly and working status (formal and informal) and the working hours of married women living in the same household with the elderly."