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"Japan was the first Asian country to become a mature industrial society, and throughout the 1970s and the 1980s, was viewed as an ‘all-middle-class society’. However since the 1990s there have been growing doubts as to the real degree of social equality in Japan, particularly in the context of dramatic demographic shifts as the population ages whilst fertility levels continue to fall.This book compares Japan with America, Britain, Italy, France, Germany, Sweden and Taiwan in order to determine whether inequality really is a social problem in Japan. With a focus on impact demographic shifts, Sawako Shirahase examines female labour market participation, income inequality among households with children, the state of the family, generational change, single person households and income distribution among the aged, and asks whether increasing inequality and is uniquely Japanese, or if it is a social problem common across all of the societies included in this study. Crucially, this book shows that Japan is distinctive not in terms of the degree of inequality in the society, but rather, in how acutely inequality is perceived. Further, the data shows that Japan differs from the other countries examined in terms of the gender gap in both the labour market and the family, and in inequality among single-person households – single men and women, including lifelong bachelors and spinsters – and also among single parent households, who pay a heavy price for having deviated from the expected pattern of life in Japan.Drawing on extensive empirical data, this book will be of great interest to students and scholars interested in Japanese culture and society, Japanese studies and social policy more generally."

"Korea Selatan pada tahun 1968 di bawah kepemimpinan Jenderal Park Chung-hee masih berada dalam bayang-bayang pemerintahan militer yang diktator. Penyair Korea Selatan bernama Shin Dong-yup menuliskan puisi prosais berjudul Sanmunsi 1 sebagai media  tidak langsung untuk mengkritisi pemerintahan. Ia menuliskannya dengan menggambarkan situasi sosial-politik yang berkebalikan dari situasi di Korea Selatan pada masa itu. Penelitian ini menganalisis puisi prosais berjudul Samunsi 1 karya Shin Dong-yup dengan menggunakan teori egalitarianisme dan kritik sosial. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode deskriptif analisis. Prosedur penelitian yang digunakan untuk menganalisis karya puisi prosais ini adalah pendekatan sosiologi sastra dengan teori strukturalisme genetik. Metode dan prosedur ini diikuti dengan data-data referensi untuk mengelaborasi kritik sosial yang terwujud melalui hadirnya paham egalitarianisme dalam puisi prosais yang memiliki keterkaitan sosial-histori Korea Selatan pada tahun 1968. Melalui penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa puisi prosais Sanmunsi 1 adalah sebuah bentuk kritik terhadap Park Chung-hee dengan menggunakan penggambaran egalitarianisme yang hadir sebagai ironi atas realitas sosial Korea Selatan pada masa itu. 

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In 1968, South Korean under Park Chunghee regime still live under dictatorship and military government. Shin Dong-yup, one of South Korean writer who is contrived a prose poetry entitled Sanmunsi 1 as a criticism platform by describing an ideal social-politic condition which contradictive with South Korea’s condition at that time. This research aim to analyzed prose poetry by require take of egalitarianism theory and social criticism theory. Methode that applied in this research is descriptive analysis. Procedure that applied for analyzing Shin Dong-yup’s Sanmunsi 1 prose poetry is sociology of literature with theeory of genetic structuralism. This methode and procedure are followed by data and variant reference to elaborate the emerge of egalitarianism which related to South Korea’s social-historical aspect in 1968 to prove the form of social criticism in it. Through this research it found that Sanmunsi 1 prose poetry is a form of social criticism to Park Chung-hee regime by emerging egalitarianism as an irony of South Korea reality."