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"Critic, poet and philosopher Friedrich von Schlegel (1772–1829) was a leading figure of German Romanticism. In the two years before his untimely death, he wrote three cycles of lectures intended as part of a larger project to lay the foundations of a new general philosophy. Two of these cycles, 'Philosophie des Lebens' (given in 1827, published 1828) and 'Philosophie des Sprache und des Wortes' (given in December 1828 and published posthumously), are reissued here in an 1847 English translation. The first presents Schlegel's understanding of philosophy as independent of theology or politics, concerned with the 'inner spiritual life' of humankind. The second explores the nature of communication through language and art. Schlegel argues that full human consciousness cannot be restored by Enlightenment science, but only by divine revelation and redemption. He offers no ready-made solutions, but encourages his listeners to develop their own responses to these questions."

"BTS, grup musik asal Korea Selatan yang debut pada Juni 2013 dibawah Big Hit Entertainment telah meraih ketenaran global dengan mengeksplorasi berbagai genre, tradisi musik, dan budaya. Kemudian terjadilah perdebatan seputar identitas genre BTS. Berdasarkan hal ini, timbul pertanyaan mengenai sejauh mana BTS dapat dipahami dalam ruang kategorisasi genre? Penulis melihat bahwa ada "kekacauan" dalam kategorisasi genre. Untuk menganalisis ini, penulis menggunakan dua metode penelitian, pertama, metode eksperimentasi pemikiran, yaitu menguji kebenaran adanya "kekacauan" kategorisasi genre mengenai esensi K-pop dan validitas penempatan BTS dalam genre tersebut. Kedua, metode analisis filosofis komparatif dengan membandingkan dialektika Hegel dengan kategorisasi, ditambah dengan kontra-argumennya, sehingga memicu refleksi filosofis yang kritis terhadap BTS dan hakikat kategorisasi itu sendiri, dimana dapat menunjukkan “cairnya” kategorisasi genre. Dialektika Hegel dan kategorisasi genre menjadi kerangka teori utama, dan topik K-pop menjadi teori pendukung dalam analisis ini. Melalui metode dan kerangka teori tersebut, akan dipahami bahwa makna BTS dan kategorisasi genre akan lebih filosofis jika kita melihatnya melalui dialektika Hegel.

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BTS, a South Korean music group that debuted in June 2013 under Big Hit Entertainment, has achieved global fame by exploring various genres, musical traditions, and cultures. This has sparked debates about BTS's genre identity, leading to questions about the extent to which BTS can be understood within the framework of genre categorization. The author observes a "chaos" in genre categorization and employs two research methods for analysis. First, thought experimentation examines the truth of the "chaos" in genre categorization regarding the essence of K-pop and the validity of placing BTS within that genre. Second, a comparative philosophical analysis, contrasting Hegelian dialectics with categorization and supplemented with counter-arguments, triggers critical philosophical reflection on BTS and the nature of categorization itself, indicating the “fluidity” of genre categorization. Hegelian dialectics and genre categorization serve as the primary theoretical framework, with K-pop providing supporting theory in this analysis. Through these methods and theoretical frameworks, it will be understood that the meaning of BTS and genre categorization becomes more philosophical when viewed through the lens of Hegelian dialectics."

"Permasalahan waktu berkembang seiring dengan berkembangnya pengetahuan manusia tentang alam. Hal ini mengakibatkan munculnya berbagai macam konsep waktu dalam kebudayaan. Dengan mereduksi dan mengabstraksikan perbedaan konsep waktu ke dalam bentuk ontologi, maka perbedaan konsep waktu yang ada dalam kebudayaan dapat disatukan. Pencarian ontologi waktu dengan metode dialektika negatif menghadirkan kontradiksi antara alam dan kebudayaan. Secara historis, kontradiksi ini berdasarkan pada alur perkembangan kebudayaan. Hakikat waktu adalah gerak. Namun alur historis kebudayaan manusia lambat laun menjadikan gerak memiliki makna sebagai waktu.

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The problem of time develops alongside man's increasing knowledge about nature. This, in turn, causes the emergence of numerous concepts of time in culture. Through reducing and abstracting various concepts of time into an ontological form, different concepts of time that exist in culture can be unified. The search for ontology of time through negative dialectics presents contradiction between nature and culture. Historically, this contradiction is based on the flow of cultural development. The essence of time is motion. Owing to the historical flow of culture, however, motion develops its meaning as time."