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"Alternative energy sources is designed to give the reader, a clear view of the role each form of alternative energy may play in supplying the energy needs of the human society in the near future (20-50 years).The two first chapters on "energy demand and supply" and "environmental effects," set the tone as to why alternative energy is essential for the future. The third chapter gives the laws of energy conversion processes, as well as the limitations of converting one energy form to another. The section on exergy gives a quantitative background on the capability/potential of each energy source to produce power. The fourth, fifth and sixth chapters are expositions of fission and fusion nuclear energy, the power plants that may produce power from these sources and the issues that will frame the public debate on nuclear energy. The following five chapters include descriptions of the most common renewable energy sources (wind, solar, geothermal, biomass, hydroelectric) some of the less common sources (e.g. tidal and wave energy). The emphasis of these chapters will be on the global potential of each source, the engineering/technical systems that are used in harnessing the potential of each source, the technological developments that will contribute to wider utilization of the sources and environmental effects associated with their wider use. The last three chapters are: "energy storage," which will become an important issue if renewable energy sources are used widely."

"This paper presents the production of hydrogen from various aqueous sources (de-ionized water, fufu effluent, sea water, run-off water, tap water, and urine). Two sets of hydrolysis experiments (with and without the dissolution of NaCl (35 g/l) into the aqueous media) were conducted using 12 V (DC supply) with graphite electrodes. The current utilized and volume of hydrogen produced was measured, while hydrogen flow rate, power, and effectiveness were estimated. The significance of the addition of NaCl to the aqueous media was analyzed using a t-test. It was observed that the dissolution of NaCl into the aqueous media had an appreciable effect on the values of pH, volume and flow rate of hydrogen produced, current utilized, power consumed, and effectiveness compared to the values obtained without NaCl dissolution. This was corroborated by the result of the t-test (tcritcal (2.0452) < tobserved (4.1139) with a p-value of 0.0032 at 95% confidence interval), indicating the significance of the dissolution of NaCl into the media. The results showed that urine, followed by sea water, fufu effluent, run-off water, tap water, and de-ionized water, had the highest volume and flow rate of hydrogen, whereas the value of effectiveness was highest for de-ionized water, followed by tap water, sea water, urine, fufu effluent, and run-off water. Run-off water and fufu effluent were also demonstrated to be potential sources of hydrogen production outside urine and sea water."

"Latar Belakang: Rongga hidung merupakan entry point untuk udara masuk dan merupakan proses utama dalam sistem respirasi. Namun, terkadang seseorang akan menggunakan mulut untuk bernapas. Prevalensi bernapas mulut pada anak-anak dilaporkan 50-55%. Pada rongga mulut, kondisi bernapas mulut yang terjadi pada anak-anak dapat menyebabkan peningkatan resiko penyakit gigi dan mulut . Perubahan kondisi pada rongga mulut dapat diukur menggunakan indeks kesehatan rongga mulut yang salah satunya adalah indeks OHI-S (Simplified Oral Hygiene Index). Sejauh ini belum dilaporkan adanya penelitian yang membahas korelasi indeks OHI-S terhadap karakteristik protein pada anak yang bernapas melalui mulut.Tujuan: Menganalisa korelasi antara indeks OHI-S dengan konsentrasi protein serta menganalisa profil protein pada anak yang bernapas melalui mulut.Metode: Sampel dari anak yang bernapas melalui mulut dan anak bernapas normal dikumpulkan kemudian dikelompokan berdasarkan indeks OHI-S.Sampel dari tongue biofilm, dental biofilm , saliva dan mukosa bukal di uji menggunakan Bradford assay untuk melihat total protein, setelah itu sampel saliva diuji menggunakan SDS PAGE untuk melihat profil protein. Kemudian hasil dianalisa dengan SPSS. Hasil: Pada kelompok anak yang bernapas melalui mulut, korelasi antara total protein pada masing-masing sumber sampel dan indeks OHI-S didapatkan sebagai berikut: korelasi negatif pada tongue biofilm (r=-0.051), korelasi negatif pada dental biofilm (r=-0,127), korelasi positif pada saliva (r=0.051) dan korelasi positif pada mukosa bukal (r=0.314). Pada deteksi profil protein, frekuensi 3 protein saliva yaitu Amilase (54 kDa), IgA(70 kDa) dan Statherin (8 kDa), Ig-A   terhitung lebih banyak pada kelompok anak bernapas normal yang memiliki indeks OHI-S sedang sedangkan Statherin terhitung lebih banyak pada kelompok anak bernapas normal dengan indeks OHI-S baik.Kesimpulan: Karakteristik protein dapat menjadi salah satu indikator biologis  perubahan indeks OHI-S pada anak yang bernapas melalui mulut.

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Background: Nasal cavity is the entry point in respiration process. However, some individuals use their mouth to breathe. Prevalence of mouth breathing in children is reported between 50-55%.In oral cavity, mouth breathing in children cause increased risk of dental problems. The change of condition within oral cavity can be measured with oral hygiene index such as OHI-S Index (Simplified Oral Hygiene Index). Thus far, there’s no further studies yet that discuss the correlation between OHI-S index and characteristics of protein in children with mouth breathing.Objective: To analyse the correlation between OHI-S Index and protein total of several sample sources and analyse the salivary profile protein in children with mouth breathing.Method: Samples were collected from children with mouth breathing and children without mouth breathing as a control group and categorized based on their OHI-S index score. Samples from tongue biofilm, dental biofilm, saliva and buccal mucosa were tested using Bradford Assay method to measure the protein total of each sample source and the salivary protein profile was analysed using SDS PAGE. Final results were analysed using SPSS.Result: In a group consists of chidren with mouth breathing, the correlation of OHI-S Index and protein total of each sample source were resulted: negative correlation in tongue biofilm (r=-0.051), negative correlation in dental biofilm (r=-0.127), positive correlation in saliva(r=0.051) and positive correlation in buccal mucosa (r=0.314). In salivary profile protein, the frequencies of three proteins: Amylase (54 kDa), IgA (70 kDa) and Statherin (8kDa), Ig-A were counted more in control group with moderate OHI-S Index score and Statherin were counted more in control group with low OHI-S index score.Conclusion: Characteristics of protein is capable to be one of the biological indicators of changes in OHI-S index in children with mouth breathing."

"Cultured mud crabs (Scylla spp.) are commonly fed with 'trash' fosh has lead to a need to develop cost-effective and environmentally friendly formulated diets. This study was conducted to determine quality of selected feed ingredients as protein soures in mud crab diets based on their nutrient composition and digestibility coefficients for ADMD ranged from 82.46% to 89.20%. Animal-based feedstuffs such as shrimp head, tiny shrimp and squid liver meal had higher ADMD values than fish meal."

"Buku yang berjudul "Inland aquaculture development handbook" ini ditulis oleh David R. Blakely dan Christopher T. Hrusa. Buku ini merupakan sebuah buku panduan mengenai pengembangan industri perikanan. "