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"Interaksi sosial merupakan kebutuhan semua manusia. Kegiatan ini dapat dilaku-kan di mana saja, terutama di ruang publik yang merupakan tempat yang dapat diakses oleh siapa saja untuk melakukan berbagai aktivitas. Skripsi ini akan mem-bahas hubungan antara elemen yang seringkali ditemukan di ruang publik dengan interaksi sosial yang terjadi di ruang tersebut dalam konteks permukiman padat penduduk. Berdasarkan pengamatan yang dilakukan, elemen dalam ruang publik ternyata memiliki hubungan yang erat dan timbal balik dengan interaksi sosial di dalam ruang publik. Selain itu, elemen juga dapat memberikan informasi mengenai fungsi lain yang dapat terjadi di ruang publik dan bagaimana cara penduduk di permukiman padat memanfaatkan ruang publik mereka secara ber-sama-sama.

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Social interaction is everyone's needs. The activity can be done anywhere, espe-cially in a public space where people can easily access the space and do various activity. This paper will reveal the relationship between elements found in the public space and social interaction that happen in the space especially in high den-sity settlement. Based on the observation, elements in public space has a close and mutual relationship with social interaction happened in the space. Elements also used to inform people about another function of the public space and how people in high density settlement shared their public space."

"Indonesia merupakan negara dengan pasar konstruksi nasional terbesar di Asia Tenggara. Seiring meningkatnya proyek infrastruktur di Indonesia, maka Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat (PUPR) menerbitkan Peraturan Menteri PUPR Nomor 1 Tahun 2020 yang mengatur tentang Standar dan Pedoman Pengadaan Pekerjaan Konstruksi Terintegrasi Rancang Bangun Melalui Penyedia. Pengelolaan kontrak konstruksi rancang bangun marak digunakan di Lingkungan Jasa Konstruksi Indonesia, khususnya di Kementerian PUPR. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya, masih ditemukan klaim-klaim konstruksi yang tidak dapat cegah. Penyebab munculnya klaim tersebut yaitu akibat tindakan salah satu pihak yang menyebabkan pihak lainnya merasa dirugikan sehingga mengajukan klaim kerugian yang dapat berujung dispute. Dispute ini dapat mengakibatkan kerugian proyek dari segi teknis, waktu dan finansial. Oleh karena itu, untuk memaksimalkan pengelolaan kontrak konstruksi rancang bangun, khususnya di Kementeria PUPR diperlukannya identifikasi risiko-risiko dominan dari setiap tahapan pengelolaan kontrak konstruksi rancang bangun. Hal tersebut bertujuan agar dapat menghasilkan strategi berupa rekomendasi untuk perbaikan pengelolaan kontrak konstruksi rancang bangun proyek infrastruktur yang mengacu pada Peraturan Menteri PUPR Nomor 1 Tahun 2020 dengan berbasis risiko bagi Lingkungan Kementrian PUPR. Metodologi penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu dengan studi literatur, kuesioner validasi pakar dan responden serta wawancara. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan terdapat 4 proses, 11 kegiatan dan 37 sub-kegiatan yang terdapat dalam pengenlolaan kontrak rancang abngun mengacu pada Peraturan Menteri PUPR Nomor 1 Tahun 2020 dengan terdapat di antaranya 20 faktor risiko dominan. Selain itu, terdapat jenis bentuk tindakan preventif dan korektif guna menjadi rekomendasi berupa strategi dalam pengelolaan kontrak rancang bangun di lingkungan Kementerian PUPR.

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Indonesia is a country with the largest national construction market in Southeast Asia. As infrastructure projects increase in Indonesia, the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR) has published Ministerial Regulation of Public Works and Public Housing Number 1 Year 2020 which regulates Standards and Guidelines for the Procurement of Construction Works Design and Build through Contractor. Design and build contract management is widely used in the Indonesian Construction Service, especially in the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR). However, in its implementation, there are still claims that cannot be prevented. The cause for the emergence of the claim is due to the action of one of the side causes the other side feel aggrieved so that it proposes a claim which leads to a dispute. This dispute can result in project losses from technical, time, and financial. Therefore, to maximize the design and build contract management, especially in the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR), it is necessary to identify the dominant risks of each stage of the design and build contract management. This aims to produce a strategy in the form of recommendations for improving design and build contract management for infrastructure project designs that refer to the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Housing Number 1 Year 2020 based on risk for the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing (PUPR). The research methodology used is literature study, expert and respondent validation questionnaires and interviews. From the results of the research that has been carried out there are 4 processes, 11 activities and 37 sub-activities contained in the management of abnormal design contracts referring to the Minister of Public Works and Public Housing Regulation Number 1 of 2020, with 20 dominant risk factors. In addition, there are types of preventive and corrective actions to become recommendations in the form of strategies in managing design contracts within the Ministry of PUPR."

"ABSTRAKWater tank is an indispensable tool in rural areas as rain water storage for clean water because the water source other eligible difficult to obtain. These conditions not only occur in areas that are difficult to get water to dry land, but also the beach area to the tides. Therefore the container vessel is a building that is needed in very household. During the manufacture of water tanks by using iron reinforcement material woven wire, or better known as Ferrocement, but with the material requires a relatively high cost. Departing from this conditions, to assist the public in making water tanks need to created technologies applicable, pratical, inexpensive and environmentally friendly by utilizing local resources."