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"With contributions from leading researchers, Charalabidis and Koussouris provide the latest research findings such as theoretical foundations, principles, methodologies, architectures, technical frameworks, cases and lessons learnt within the domain of open, collaborative governance and online citizen engagement. The book is divided into three sections: Section one, “Public Policy Debate Foundations,” lays the foundations regarding processes and methods for scoping, planning, evaluating and transforming citizen engagement. The second section, “Information and Communication Technologies for Citizen Participation,” details practical approaches to designing and creating collaborative governance infrastructures and citizen participation for businesses and administrations. Lastly, the third section on “Future Research Directions of Open, Collaborative ICT-enabled Governance” provides a constructive critique of the developments in the past and presents prospects regarding future challenges and research directions."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas peran Indonesia National Air Carriers Association (INACA) dan Yayasan Lembaga Konsumen Indonesia (YLKI) dalam revisi besaran tarif batas atas (TBA) dan tarif batas bawah (TBB) angkutan udara di Indonesia tahun 2016-2019. Konsep yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsep partisipasi stakeholders dari Edelenbos dan Klijn (2005), sedangkan teori yang digunakan adalah teori kesetaraan partisipasi dalam pembuatan kebijakan dari Roldán (2018). Data-data dalam penelitian ini berasal dari proses wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur. Terdapat dua temuan dalam penelitian ini. Pertama, INACA berpartisipasi pada tahap inisiasi revisi dan tahap perhitungan. Adanya penguasaan pengetahuan tentang industri penerbangan menjadi faktor yang membuat INACA memperoleh akses sampai pada tahapan itu. Kedua, YLKI tidak berpartisipasi pada tahap inisiasi dan perhitungan, melainkan hanya berpartisipasi sebagai pemberi masukan pasca perhitungan selesai. Hal itu dipicu oleh masih minimnya pengetahuan konsumen tentang industri penerbangan dan konsumen di Indonesia yang juga masih belum berdaya.

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This study aims to discuss the role of Indonesia National Air Carriers Association (INACA) and the Indonesian Consumers Foundation (YLKI) in revising the upper limit fare (TBA) and lower limit fare (TBB) of air transport in Indonesia during 2016-2019. The concept used in this study is stakeholder participation from Edelenbos and Klijn (2005), while the theory used is the theory of equality of participation in policy-making from Roldán (2018). The data in this study came from in-depth interviews and literature studies. There are two findings in this study. First, INACA participated in the initiation phase of the revision and the calculation phase. The existence of mastery of knowledge about the aviation industry is a factor that makes INACA gain access to that stage. Second, YLKI did not participate in the initiation and calculation stages but only participated as input providers after the calculations were completed. This is triggered by the lack of consumer knowledge about the aviation industry and consumers in Indonesia who are still powerless."

""The legitimacy of the WTO's decision-making process has always been questioned, and many have advocated public participation mechanisms as a remedy. Yves Bonzon considers the limits and potential of these mechanisms by advancing a conceptual framework which distinguishes the four 'implementation parameters' of public participation: the goal, the object, the modalities, and the actors. He addresses the issue of legitimacy by considering to what extent, and by virtue of which legal principles, one can see implementing the democratic principle as a goal for public participation in the context of the WTO. By analysing the institutional structure of the WTO and its different types of decisions, he then outlines how this goal should influence the object and modalities of public participation, which decision-making procedures should be opened to public participation, and how the mechanisms should be implemented in practice. Finally, he suggests specific amendments to existing WTO arrangements on public participation"-"

"Across the world public archaeology, the way in which it is understood as well as the way it is practised or delivered, has many facets. In some countries it is not only unknown, but is actively discouraged; in many other places it has been embraced fully and is considered normal practice, whether this appears in the form of so-called "community archaeology", active school and college programmes, (re)thinking the strategies of museums, or as simply encouraging on-site visits and demonstrations during archaeological fieldwork. However, in a difficult economic climate public archaeology is often adversely affected; funding cuts can mean changes in priorities for heritage organisations and local and national governments, and even to the loss of entire projects. This volume examines the various facets of public archaeology practice globally, and the factors which are currently affecting it, together with the question of how different publics and communities engage with their archaeological heritage. With case studies from across the globe, ranging from Canada to Turkmenistan and from Ireland to Argentina, it presents a contemporary snapshot of public participation in archaeology, covering both successful initiatives and the threats posed to such opportunities by local, regional and global changes. Particular strands addressed are international models; archaeology and education; archaeology and tourism; and site management and conservation. Joanne Lea is an educator with the Trillium Lakelands District School Board in Ontario, Canada. Suzie Thomas is University Lecturer in Museology at the University of Helsinki. Contributors: Shatha Abu-Khafajah, Crystal B. Alegria, Arwa Badran, Michael Brody, Blanca A. Camargo, Joëlle Clark, Mike Corbishley, Jolene Debert, Gaigysyz Jorayev, Thomas Kador, Sophie Lampe, Joanne Lea, Lilia L. Lizama Aranda, Cathy MacDonald, Natalia Mazzia, Alicia Ebbitt McGill, Jeanne M. Moe, Theano Moussouri, Aino Nissinaho, Alejandra Pupio, Virginia Salerno, Dinç Saraç, Tuija-Liisa Soininen, Suzie Thomas."