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"As nineteenth-century realism became more and more intrepid in its pursuit of describing and depicting everyday life, it blurred irrevocably into the caustic and severe mode of literature better named satire. Realism's task of portraying the human became indistinguishable from satire's directive to castigate the human. Introducing an entirely new way of thinking about realism and the Victorian novel, Aaron Matz refers to the fusion of realism and satire as 'satirical realism': it is a mode in which our shared folly and error are so entrenched in everyday life, and so unchanging, that they need no embellishment when rendered in fiction. Focusing on the novels of Eliot, Hardy, Gissing, and Conrad, and the theater of Ibsen, Matz argues that it was the transformation of Victorian realism into satire that granted it immense moral authority, but that led ultimately to its demise."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis representasi feminitas perempuan berdasarkan gender sebagai dampak dari globalisasi yang ditampilkan dalam drama televisi Jepang For You in Full Blossom (2007) dan Pretty Proofreader (2016) serta drama televisi Korea Full House (2004) dan Fight for My Way (2017). Perempuan modern terkait feminitas, dihadapkan dengan maskulinitas dalam struktur masyarakat Jepang dan Korea. Dengan unit analisis perilaku, penampilan, dan gaya hidup, penelitian antardisiplin ini menganalisis representasi dari keempat drama televisi sebagai korpus penelitian. Metode analisis isi digunakan sebagai teknik penelitian untuk membuat simpulan yang sahih dan dapat direplikasi dari teks ke konteks penggunaannya, melalui empat tahapan: merumuskan tujuan dan konseptualitas, menyusun kategorisasi unit sampling, mencatat unit sampling, dan terakhir mengkaji hasil pencatatan dengan memberikan interpretasi. Hasil penelitian keempat drama televisi tersebut merepresentasikan perempuan Jepang dan Korea sebelum dan sesudah 2010 sebagai titik pergeseran perilaku dan penampilan perempuan dalam nilai-nilai feminitas yang dihadapkan dengan maskulinitas di Asia Timur. Perempuan Jepang dan Korea memahami tuntutan masyarakat untuk berbaur demi menjaga harmoni yang menjadi nilai penting dalam masyarakat Asia Timur, tanpa mengesampingkan individualitasnya.

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This study aims to analyze the representation of women’s femininity according to gender as the impact of globalization shown in the Japanese television dramas For You in Full Blossom (2007) and Pretty Proofreader (2016), and Korean television dramas Full House (2004) dan Fight for My Way (2017). Modern women related to femininity faced masculinity in Japanese and Korean social structures. With behavior, appearance, and lifestyle as analysis units, this interdisciplinary study analyzed the representation in those four television dramas as the corpus of research. The context analysis method is used as a research technique to make a valid and replicable conclusion from text to the usage context through four steps: formulate the purpose and concept of research, arrange a set of sampling unit categorizations, record the sampling unit, and study the data record by giving the interpretation. The study shows that these four television dramas represented Japanese and Korean women before and after 2010 as a shift point of behavior and appearance in femininity values faced masculinity values in East Asia. Japanese and Korean women acknowledged the requirements to mingle in their society to maintain harmony as one of the essential values in East Asian society without neglecting their individualities.

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"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini memaparkan simbol-simbol femininitas dalam iklan rokok perempuandi Rusia. Iklan rokok telah sekian lama terkonstruksi ke dalam area maskulin.Namun, hal ini nampaknya telah berubah. Telah terjadi perubahan makna dalamiklan rokok perempuan di Rusia disebabkan oleh masuknya TransnationalTobacco Companies pada tahun 1990-an. Metode yang digunakan dalam skripsiini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Untukmenganalisis ketigabelas iklan rokok perempuan di Rusia digunakan teorisemiotika Roland Barthes dan teori gender sebagai konstruksi sosial milik Oakleydan Connell. Dengan menganalisis struktur yang membangun masing-masingiklan, disimpulkan bahwa perubahan makna simbol-simbol femininitas dalamiklan rokok perempuan di Rusia merupakan sebuah bentuk market feminism.

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AbstractThis thesis describes the symbols of femininity in female cigarette advertisings inRussia. Cigarette advertising have long been constructed into a masculine area.However, the construction seems to change. A change of meaning in femalecigarette advertising in Russia is caused by the influx of Transnational TobaccoCompanies in the 1990s. The method used in this thesis is a qualitative researchmethod with a case study approach. Semiotics theory of Roland Barthes andgender theory as a social construction of Oakley and Connell are used to analyzethe thirteenth female cigarette advertisings in Russia. By analyzing the structurethat construct each advertising, it is concluded that the changes of meaning infemininity symbols in female cigarette advertisings in Russia is a form of marketfeminism."

"Video “A Day in My Life” (ADML) adalah salah satu jenis konten di TikTok yang menceritakan kegiatan keseharian pemilik konten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengekplorasi permasalahan yang muncul dari praktik video ADML di TikTok terutama dalam konteks Indonesia, yaitu konstruksi femininitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis tekstual untuk bagaimana Tiktokers perempuan di Indonesia mengkonstruksi femininitas dan bagaimana ADML mengafirmasi atau bernegosiasi dengan ideologi dominan yang ada dalam masyarakat, dalam hal ini ideologi patriarki. Korpus penelitian adalah dua akun Tiktokers yang memiliki engagement tinggi. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan @sindisafitrii dan @gelialinda mengkonstruksi pemaknaan terhadap femininitas yang mengafirmasi ideologi patriarki terutama dalam isu menikah muda. Video ADML dari kedua akun ini menggambarkan perempuan menikah muda karena adanya faktor sosial dan nilai budaya serta membangun narasi dominan, yaitu menikah adalah halal. Selain itu, dalam isu menikah muda, video ADML menunjukkan konstruksi sosial mengenai peran domestik antara suami istri ketika di satu sisi, ada usaha untuk menempatkan peran yang seimbang antara suami dan istri di ruang domestik, akan tetapi suami yang melakukan peran domestik dianggap tidak lazim atau bahkan diglorifikasi. Temuan lain menunjukkan masih adanya representasi perempuan menikah muda sebagai jalan mendapatkan companionship dan jaminan finansial walaupun terdapat video ADML yang menampilkan perempuan harus mandiri secara finansial. 

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A Day in My Life (ADML) articulating one’s day to day activities is one of video contents in TikTok. This research aims to explore how femininity is constructed through ADML videos in the Indonesian context. By utilizing textual analysis method, this article highlights how Indonesian female TikTokers affirm or negotiate with the dominant ideology in the society, in this case patriarchal ideology. The case studies for this research are two TikTok accounts that have a strong engagement. The finding of the study shows that both Ticktokers, @sindisafitrii and @gelialinda, construct femininity while affirming the patriarchal ideology in marrying at such a young age due to social factor and culture constructions. Besides, marrying at a young age is also a part of the social construction in Indonesia that marriage is considered “halal” or lawful or permitted under Islamic law. On the other hand, ADML videos by both TikTokers are also ambiguous in potraying the domestic role divisions between husband and wife. Although the husbands who are in charge in domestic role is considered uncommon, there are still efforts to position the balanced spouse role in the domestic space. Research findings also uncover that in their ADML videos, they portray how women should gain personal financial security; even though, they also depict that as young women, tehy decide to get married early in order to obtain companionship and financial guarantees. The ambiguous portrayal of how femininity is constructed in both TikTok account through their A Day in My Life videos represents how they affirm yet negotiate with patriarchal ideology."

"Anime merupakan salah satu bentuk media yang memiliki peran penting dalam menyajikan representasi pada masyarakat. Pada anime Tokyo Mew Mew, kecenderungan sebagai tokoh utama dengan kekuatan super dan tokoh perempuan sebagai hal yang perlu dilindungi telah diputarbalikkan. Anime yang ditujukan pada anak-anak dan remaja ini bertemakan kelompok superhero perempuan yang melawan kejahatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti dua hal, yaitu Representasi Maskulinitas dan Representasi Femininitas dalam superhero perempuan dalam anime Tokyo Mew Mew. Penulis menggunakan teori Representasi Stuart Hall. Analisis akan dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif, yaitu dengan memaparkan karakteristik tokoh-tokoh superhero perempuan, relasi kuasa antara tokoh laki-laki dengan tokoh perempuan, serta makna representasi yang ditonjolkan pada anime Tokyo Mew Mew. Hasil penelitian ini adalah adanya temuan nilai-nilai femininitas dan maskulinias pada superhero perempuan pada anime Tokyo Mew Mew.

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Anime is one form of media that has an important role in presenting a representation in society. In the Tokyo Mew Mew anime, the main character with super powers is the female and the male characters is being protected by the female character. Targeting children and teen agers as audience, this anime has the theme of a female superhero group that fights crime. This study attempts to see the Representation of Masculinity and Representation of Femininity in female superheroes in the Tokyo Mew Mew anime. Using the concept of representation by Stuart Hall, the analysis will becarried out using descriptive methods, describing the characteristics of female superhero figures, the power relations between male figures and female figures, and the meanings of representation highlighted in the Tokyo Mew Mew anime. The results of this study are the findings of feminine and masculine values on female superheroes in the Tokyo Mew Mew anime."