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"[This book studies unemployment and inflation in economic crises, first considering the scenario of a demand shock in Europe. In that case, monetary and fiscal interaction would cause widespread oscillations in European unemployment and European inflation. And what is more, there would be equally far-reaching fluctuations in the European money supply and European government purchases. These monetary and fiscal interactions would have no effects on the American economy. Second, it examines the scenario of a supply shock in Europe, in which monetary and fiscal interactions would have no effects on European unemployment or European inflation, there would also be an explosion of European government purchases and an implosion of the European money supply. Monetary and fiscal interactions would produce uniform oscillations in American unemployment and American inflation. Lastly, also see an implosion of both the American money supply and American government purchases., This book studies unemployment and inflation in economic crises, first considering the scenario of a demand shock in Europe. In that case, monetary and fiscal interaction would cause widespread oscillations in European unemployment and European inflation. And what is more, there would be equally far-reaching fluctuations in the European money supply and European government purchases. These monetary and fiscal interactions would have no effects on the American economy. Second, it examines the scenario of a supply shock in Europe, in which monetary and fiscal interactions would have no effects on European unemployment or European inflation, there would also be an explosion of European government purchases and an implosion of the European money supply. Monetary and fiscal interactions would produce uniform oscillations in American unemployment and American inflation. Lastly, also see an implosion of both the American money supply and American government purchases.]"

"Termotivasi dari laporan ketenagakerjaan yang mengungkapkan persentase NEE di Indonesia yang masih tinggi, maka dengan menggunakan data IFLS5 kami melakukan kajian terkait dampak karakteristik sosial demografi dan indikator wilayah dan pasar kerja lokal terhadap usia muda yang NEE . Kami tertarik untuk meneliti NEE sebagai populasi yang heterogen dengan cara mengelompokkannya berdasarkan atas sikap dan ketersediaan waktu dari usia muda terhadap pekerjaan (Salvà -Mut, Tugores-Ques, & Quintana-Murci, 2017)agar dapat menangkap pola kerentanan dan keputusan transisi usia muda ke pasar kerja sehingga dapat dihasilkan rekomendasi kebijakan yang tepat. Hasil estimasi dengan multinomial logistik menunjukkan bahwa NEE carers- cared mempunyai karakteristik sebagai perempuan yang berusia muda, tingkat pendidikan rendah, berstatus sudah menikah dan berasal dari latar belakang keluarga yang kurang beruntung terkait ekonomi dan cenderung di pedesaan dengan tingkat pengangguran lokal yang tinggi. Sedangkan NEE unemployed juga mempunyai karakteristik berusia muda, tapi dominan berjenis kelamin laki-laki dengan status belum menikah dan tingkat pendidikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan bukan NEE, selain itu kategori ini cenderung di perkotaan dan juga dipengaruhi oleh tingkat pengangguran lokal yang tinggi. Namun berbeda dengan dua kategori sebelumnya, walaupun discourage juga cenderung berusia muda, berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan tingkat pendidikan rendah, tapi usia muda ini tidak terpengaruh oleh indikator wilayah dan pasar kerja lokal. Hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya persepsi dan sikap terhadap pekerjaan.

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Motivated from the employment report which reveals the still high percentage of NEE in Indonesia, by using IFLS5 data we conducted studies related to the impact of individual characteristics, education, family background and regional indicators and local labor market on NEE young age. We are interested in examining NEE as a heterogeneous population by grouping it based on attitudes and time availability from a young age to work (Salvà -Mut, Tugores-Ques, & Quintana-Murci, 2017), in order to capture patterns of vulnerability and young transition decisions to the labor market so that appropriate policy recommendations can be produced.

The estimation results with multinomial logistic show that NEE carers-cared have characteristics as young women, low education levels, married status and come from economically disadvantaged family backgrounds and tend to be in rural areas with high local unemployment rates. Whereas unemployed NEEs also have the characteristics of being young, but the dominant male sex is unmarried and the level of education is higher than non-NEE, besides this category tends to be in urban areas and also influenced by high local unemployment rates. However, it differs from the previous two categories, although discourage also tends to be young, male sex and education level low, but young age is not affected by regional indicators and the local labor market. This is due to a lack of perception and attitude towards work."