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"Indonesian economy has grown significantly for the past quarter ofcentury. However; welfare of the labors are still in a poor condition This wasindicated by their wages which only around the minimum wages, even after thegovernment of Indonesia raised them several times. In the era of globalizationor in a borderless economic framework, factors of productions become moremobile. Mobility of both capital and labor could be driven by comparativeadvantages of local and regional markets. When the wage IE' too lowdomestically, and when there is a high demand for low-skill workers abroad,tlte labor will migrate to higher-wage countries. On the other hands, when thewage is too high in indonesia, foreign investors who invest in footlooseeindustries may relocate their industries to lower-wage countries. In addition,employer can cut down employment to reduce production cast if the wages aretoo high. Titus, the scissor effects have to be dealt wisely. Increasing minimumwages is not the only way to increase worker's welfare. Improving the_productivity of the labor through formal and informal education is an indirectway of raising the welfare of workers. Considering that the quality ofIndonesia's labor is still very low and the fact that factors of production aremore mobile in this globalization era, improving the quality of workers to bemore competitive globally is seen as a key situation to the problem. "

"ABSTRAKPenelitian analisis wacana kritis media massa telah berkembang cepat dan meliputi beragam topik. Walaupun demikian masih sedikit analisis wacana kritis yang mempertimbangkan menggabungkan beberapa moda, yaitu multimodalitas. Tujuan dari tesis ini menganalisis multimodalitas pada teks berita daring kawasan Asia dalam rangka menemukan tampilan kuasa. Tampilan kuasa adalah bentuk reproduksi ideologi yang tercermin dari ragam gramatika, pilihan kata, dan tampilan gambar. Data merupakan teks berita topik sosial-budaya dan keamanan. Terdapat tiga tahap analisis yaitu analisis transitivitas Halliday, 1994, penilaian Martin dan White, 2005, dan visual Kress dan van Leeuwen, 2006; Caple 2013 . Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat kesamaan dari representasi analisis transitivitas yaitu mengedepankan representasi manusia dengan perbedaan jenis partisipan. Analisis penilaian menunjukkan evaluasi penghakiman dan nilai negatif yang mendominasi. Analisis visual memiliki perbedaan terhadap dua data. Teks A mengedepankan unsur pemandangan sedangkan teks B mengedepankan unsur manusia. Tidak seperti data verbal yang didominasi representasi negatif, jumlah nilai negatif gambar lebih kecil dikisaran sepertiga dari total data.

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ABSTRACTResearch on critical discourse analysis of mass media have been developed rapidly and covers variety of topics. However there is still a few of critical discourse analysis which consider combining some modals which is called multimodality. The aim of this thesis is analysing multimodality of news item text of online media especially which is covering Asian region matter in order to find out the powerdisplay. Power-display is the form of ideology reproduction which is reflecting from the grammatical forms, the diction choices, and the pictures display. The data are news item text which topics are social-culture and security. There are three steps analysis which are transitivity (Halliday, 1994), appraisal (Martin and White, 2005), and visual (Kress and van Leeuwen, 2006; Caple 2013). The result of this research is some similarity on representation in transitivity analysis which is prioritizing the represent of human. Appraisal analysis shows the domination of judgement evaluation and negativity. Visual analysis shows the different result on two data. Text A proposes landscape features meanwhile text B proposes personalisation features. Unlike verbal which is dominated by negative representation, the numbers of negativity of images are less about a third part from all data."

"Komik menyampaikan informasi dan cerita menggunakan tulisan serta gambar. Kedua unsur ini penting karena dapat mempengaruhi pemahaman pembaca mengenai informasi yang hendak disampaikan. Gambar dan tulisan yang muncul dapat menampakkan berbagai macam konteks. Konteks tersebut dapat dipahami tidak hanya dari tulisan yang muncul, tetapi juga gambar-gambar yang mewakili konteks tersebut. Hal ini sangat menarik untuk diteliti lebih lanjut dalam analisis wacana, terutama analisis konteks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan apa saja gambar dan tulisan yang menjelaskan konteks serta mendeskripsikan konteks yang disampaikan oleh tulisan dan gambar tersebut.  Sumber data penelitian ini adalah komik Gump n Hell yang dipublikasikan pada tanggal 1 Januari hingga 31 Maret di media sosial Facebook. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik observasi. Data yang sudah dikumpulkan lalu dianalisis dan dikelompokkan berdasarkan konteks dan acuannya. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, terlihat bahwa konteks ditemukan pada tulisan dan gambar yang ada di dalam komik. Konteks yang berasal dari tulisan terlihat setelah analisis makna kata, frase, dan klausa. Konteks yang ditemukan adalah konteks situasional, pengetahuan latar belakang, ko-teks, dan interteks. Konteks situasional lebih banyak terlihat pada gambar dibanding tulisan. Konteks pengetahuan latar belakang, ko-teks, interteks terlihat pada gambar dan tulisan. Topik-topik konteks yang diacu adalah politik, kemanusiaan, dan hiburan.

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Comic conveys information and its story by using words and images. Both elements are important because they may change the interpretation of the readers about the information that the comic tries to convey. Images and words in the comic may show varieties of context. Those contexts have to be interpreted by analyzing the words together with the images. This factor makes them interesting to be studied by discourse analysis, especially context analysis. This research’s purpose is to describe the images and the words that show contexts and describe those contexts. Gump n Hell comic which is published between January 1^st until 31^st March 2019 is used as the sample of this research. The datas are collected by observational technique. Then, the collected data are analyzed and grouped based on their contexts and references. This research shows that contexts can be found on the words and the images from the comic. Contexts found on the words appear after the words, phrases, clauses and the sentences are analyzed. Situational context, background knowledge context, co-textual context and intertexts are found in the comics. Situational contexts mostly appeared from the images rather than the words. Background knowledge context, co-textual context and intertexts appeared from both the images and the words. The contexts, grouped based on their topics, are politics, humanitites, and entertainments.

 

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"The authors look at ten linguistic and sociological models including grounded theory, content analysis and conversation analysis, and present each in a standard format to aid comparison."