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"A comprehensive 'how to' guide to the practical analysis of language variation in a social context."

"The study of how language varies in social context, and how it can be analysed and accounted for, are the two key goals of sociolinguistics. Until now, however, the actual tools and methods have been largely passed on through ‘word of mouth’ rather than being formally documented. This is the first comprehensive, ‘how-to’ guide to the formal analysis of sociolinguistic variation. It shows step-by-step how the analysis is carried out, leading the reader through every stage of a research project from start to finish. Topics covered include fieldwork, data organisation and management, analysis and interpretation, presenting research results and writing up a paper. Practical and informal, the book contains all the information needed to conduct a fully fledged sociolinguistic investigation, and includes exercises, checklists, references andinsider tips. "

"Penelitian mengenai variasi bahasa merupakan pembahasan dalam penelitian sosiolinguistik. Variasi bahasa dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosial seperti gender. Berbagai penelitian mengenai variasi bahasa berdasarkan gender menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bahasa yang digunakan oleh laki-laki dan perempuan. Akan tetapi, hal tersebut dapat berubah seiring dengan munculnya pengaruh media sosial baik pada penggunaan bahasa oleh laki-laki maupun perempuan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini mengungkapkan bagaimana karakteristik bahasa di media sosial dan penggunaannya berdasarkan gender. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristik variasi bahasa Indonesia di media sosial dan penggunaannya berdasarkan gender. Penelitian mengenai variasi bahasa Indonesia di media sosial berdasarkan gender merupakan penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif (campuran). Untuk meneliti variasi bahasa Indonesia di media sosial, sumber data yang digunakan adalah twit yang dikumpulkan dari media sosial Twitter. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa karakteristik variasi bahasa di media sosial Twitter dapat dibagi menjadi fitur kebahasaan yang termasuk ke dalam variasi bahasa dan karakteristik bahasa perempuan. Fitur kebahasaan yang paling banyak ditemukan dalam penelitian ini adalah zeroisasi, abreviasi, perubahan grafi, emotikon dan emoji, pronomina, campur kode, dan istilah kekerabatan. Selain itu, penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perubahan penggunaan bahasa oleh perempuan. Perubahan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perempuan cenderung menggunakan bahasa non-standar dan kata-kata tabu atau makian di media sosial.

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Research on language variation falls under the category of sociolinguistic. Language variation can be influenced by social factor such as gender. Various studies on language variations based on gender show that there are differences in the language used by men and women. However, this can change with the emergence of social media’s influence on the use of language by both men and women. Therefore, this study reveals the characteristics of language variation on social media and their usage based on gender. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of Indonesian language in social media and their usage based on gender. The study on the variation of Indonesian language on social media based on gender is done through qualitative and quantitative methods (mixed methods). To analyse this research, the data source being used are tweets collected from Twitter. The findings suggest that the characteristics of language variation on Twitter can be divided into language features which include language variation and characteristics of women’s language. The language features that are most commonly found on this study are zeroization, abbreviation, graph changes, emoticons and emojis, pronouns, mixing code, and kinship terms. Furthermore, this study shows changes in women’s language. These changes indicate that women tend to use non-standard language and taboo or swear words on social media."

""The topic of awareness and control is an elephant in the room in sociolinguistic research. To what extent are speakers aware of sociolinguistic variables? Are there different types or levels of awareness? Is 'control' of these variables a conscious or unconscious process, or is it some combination of the two? Are the variables we are aware of necessarily those we control, and vice versa? The extent to which speakers are aware of sociolinguistic information and use it strategically may drastically affect our understanding of the role that sociolinguistic cues play in the development of structural categories. This volume constitutes the first concerted effort to understand the nature of awareness and control using all the methodological and theoretical tools at our disposal. The contributors employ a variety of perspectives to address the relationship between awareness and control in sociolinguistic research"--"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis interferensi dalam novel A Clockwork Orange karya Anthony Burgess. Dalam analisis ditemukan 150 kata Bahasa Rusia, diantaranya terdapat 85 kata benda, 18 kata sifat, 5 kata bilangan,36 kata kerja dan 6 kata yang tidak terinterferensi.Dari kata-kata yang telah dianalisis, interferensi yang ditemukan di dalam kelas kata benda adalah interferensi gramatika begitupun dengan kelas kata kerja. Sementara itu dalam kelas kata bilangan interferensi yang terjadi adalah pembedaan yang berlebih pada fonem. Lalu, dalam kelas kata kerja interferensi yang dominan adalah interferensi penafsiran kembali terhadap perbedaan.

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This research aimed to identify any kinds of interferences of Russian words in the novel A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess. 150 words have been found based on analysis. They consist of 85 nouns, 18 adjectives, 36 verbs, 5 numerals an 6 not include in interferences.Based on analysis, the interference found both in the noun and verb is grammatical interference. Meanwhile, Overdifferentation of phonems is the interference found in numeral. Moreover, dominant interference found in verb is Re-interpretation of distinctions."

"Dalam masyarakat multilingual, peralihan bahasa dalam interaksi sehari-hari umum terjadi berdasarkan alasan atau motif tertentu. Ada banyak cara bagi masyarakat untuk berkomunikasi, salah satunya adalah komunikasi daring. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai alih kode dalam interaksi komunikasi pada video blog SunnydahyeIn, yaitu video Finally Made Korean Fashion Shopping Mall! Hijab Friendly dan Mega Unboxing Spring Aesthetic Korean Hijab Friendly Clothes! What are 2021 K-fashion Trends. Penelitian ini bertujuan memaparkan bentuk-bentuk alih kode dan penyebab terjadinya alih kode dalam kedua video tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Dari hasil analisis ditemukan tiga tipe alih kode, yaitu alih kode antarkalimat (inter-sentential), ekstrakalimat (extra-sentential/emblematic/tag), dan intrakalimat (intra-sentential). Bentuk alih kode yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah alih kode intra-sentential. Alih kode dengan penyisipan unsur-unsur yang berwujud kata lebih banyak ditemukan dalam data tersebut. Berdasarkan analisis data, penyebab terjadinya alih kode adalah untuk mengungkapan perasaan, emosi, dan pembicaraan mengenai topik tertentu.

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In a multilingual society, language switching in everyday interactions is commonly based on certain reasons or motives. There are many ways for people to communicate, one of which is online communication. This article discusses code-switching in communication interactions on SunnydahyeIn's video blog, specifically in the vlog ‘Finally Made Korean Fashion Shopping Mall! Hijab Friendly’ and ‘Mega Unboxing Spring Aesthetic Korean Hijab Friendly Clothes! What are 2021 K-fashion Trends’. The objective of the research is to explain the types and functions of code-switching discovered in the videos. Qualitative descriptive research methods are used in this article. The results of the analysis found that there were three types of code-switching, namely inter-sentential, extra-sentential/emblematic/tag, and intra-sentential. Based on data analysis, the most frequent type of code-switching found in the videos is intra-sentential. Code-switching with the insertion of elements in the form of words is more commonly found in the data. Based on data analysis, the cause of code-switching is an expression of feelings, emotions, and talking about a particular topic triggered by the common fashion terms."

"Synopsis'Natalie Schilling learned the 'secrets of sociolinguistic fieldwork' (as she so aptly puts it) in both urban and rural settings. Her hands-on experience gives her book uncommon breadth, and her sensitivity, both scientific and social, gives it unrivalled depth.' J. K. Chambers, University of Toronto '... a detailed blueprint of sociolinguistic fieldwork, from initial study design, to making contacts, to more long term community involvement ... manages to capture wonderfully the often 'messy' experience of data collection in the real world. The 'secrets' of sociolinguistic fieldwork are indeed unlocked in this book.' Jennifer Smith, University of Glasgow 'Perhaps Natalie Schilling has done our little band of scholars a bad service by letting our secrets out in this comprehensive and clearly written account of what sociolinguists do - not just the various ways we go about doing it but, more importantly, the social and linguistic questions (and their interaction) that motivate our doing it, these latter points very well-integrated into the how-tos. A much larger audience will now have access to our mysteries, but, of all the linguistic mysteries that should be revealed to a more general public, sociolinguistics is surely at the forefront in the roles it plays in establishing a more democratic society. In short, on all these fronts, this is a very good place to learn how to do and why we do sociolinguistics.' Dennis R. Preston, Regents Professor, Oklahoma State University "