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"Peningkatan kesejahteraan dan usia, membawa pada ketakutan, ancaman dan penderitaan baik fisik maupun jiwa bagi setiap orang. Moralitas agama dijadikan pilihan utama sebagai wahana untuk mengurangi segala penderitaan. Konsep masa depan diwujudkan dalam masa sekarang atau what is over there and forever must also be reflected in here and now. Konsekwensinya mereka hidup dalam imperatif. Fenomena ini membawa banyak benturan dalam realitas kehidupan sehari-hari. Tujuan penulisan ini memberikan gambaran bahwa kehidupan imperatif tersebut dapat berubah menuju sebuah etika kehidupan. Subyektivitas adalah bentuk yang harus dibangun tanpa mengubah imperatif yang telah berjalan. Manusia tidak lagi menjadi obyek moralitas tetapi menjadi subyek dari etika. Tersembunyi dan terpendam dalam diri manusia, bangkit dalam situasi dan kondisi tertentu. Bentuk subyektivitas ini dibangun dari elaborasi moralitas yang berasal dari religi, bercampur dengan pengalamannya sehari-hari yang direfleksikan, membentuk pemahaman baru yang saling berhubungan dan pada akhirnya melahirkan sebuah keyakinan dan menjadikan pandangan hidup yang baru. Pendisiplinan diri adalah sebuah keharusan dalam mencapai upaya kemampuan memerintah diri sendiri untuk bernalar dan membaca situasi secara cepat dan mengambil tindakan spontanitas. Tindakan tersebut harus dapat diperspektifkan sama oleh orang pertama, kedua dan ketiga, inilah yang disebut affordance. Perubahan pandangan hidup yang berdasarkan keyakinan baru inilah yang ditularkan pada orang lain dan efektif bekerja dalam membawa orang lain berproses bersama. Dengan menggunakan metodologi pengamatan terlibat, mengamati dan memahami segala proses transformasi dari adab menuju akhlak pada olah raga pernafasan Mahatma, membawa pada sebuah kesimpulan bahwa perwujudan dari ubyektifitas adalah kemampuan pivot, kemahiran dalam mensiasati segala kondisi yang ada dengan semangat pada pandangan hidup barunya.

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Improved well-being and age, leading to fear, threats, and suffering both physically and mentally for everyone. Religious morality is the first choice as a vehicle to reduce all suffering. The concept of the future is manifested in the present or what is over there and forever must also be reflected in here and now. Consequently, they live in imperatives. This phenomenon brings a lot of impact in the reality of everyday life. The purpose of this writing provides an idea that the imperative life can change towards an ethical life. Subjectivity is a form that must be built without changing the imperatives that have been running. Man is no longer an object of morality but a subject of ethics. Hidden and buried in man, rising in certain situations and conditions. This form of subjectivity is built on the elaboration of morality derived from religion, mixed with his daily experiences reflected, forming new understandings that are conjunction and ultimately giving bear to a belief and making a new outlook on life. Self-discipline is a necessity in achieving the ability of self-governing to reason and read situations quickly and take acts of spontaneity. Such actions must be equally perspective able by the first, second and third persons, this is what affordance is called. This change in the outlook for life based on new beliefs is transmitted to others and effectively works in bringing others through together. By observing and understanding all the process of transformation from “adab” to “akhlak” in the “olah raga pernafasan Mahatma”, leads to a conclusion that the embodiment of subjectivity is the ability to pivot, skill in preparing all existing conditions with passion in the new outlook of life."

"Abstract:"Julie A. Nelson debunks theories that teach us that our economic lives are somehow separate from our moral values and our human relationships." "The impediment to envisioning a more considerate economic world, Nelson demonstrates, is a particular assumption that is shared by both neoliberals and the Left. Despite their seemingly insurmountable differences, they both make use of the metaphor, first proposed by Adam Smith, of "the economy as machine." This pervasive idea, she argues, has blinded us to the qualities that make us work and care for one another - qualities that also make businesses thrive and markets grow." "Economics for Humans will both invigorate and inspire readers to rethink the way they view the economy, its possibilities, and their place within it."

"Hollywood is now starting to present morally gray characters who are neither good nor evil. In this trend, the audience might have difficulty determining the ethical principles of characters as they would commonly perform crimes and justify their crimes as something normal and fair. One of the films that present this is Cruella (2021), which is a remake of Disney classic 101 Dalmanation. This research studies the film Cruella (2021) to understand Estella’s morality, whether she is morally good or evil. The research applies Ayn Rand’s concept of 'virtues of selfishness' to determine Estella’s morality, which believes that humans rationally prioritize their lives as it is their responsibility to do so. It is necessary for their survival responsibility. The research applies textual analysis where I analyzed the dialogue, character's actions, and mise-en-scene elements in the film such as costume and lighting. This research concludes that Estella is a virtuous character, and this contests the popular opinion that views Estella as a villain.

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Hollywood is now starting to present morally gray characters who are neither good nor evil. In this trend, the audience might have difficulty determining the ethical principles of characters as they would commonly perform crimes and justify their crimes as something normal and fair. One of the films that present this is Cruella (2021), which is a remake of Disney classic 101 Dalmanation. This research studies the film Cruella (2021) to understand Estella’s morality, whether she is morally good or evil. The research applies Ayn Rand’s concept of 'virtues of selfishness' to determine Estella’s morality, which believes that humans rationally prioritize their lives as it is their responsibility to do so. It is necessary for their survival responsibility. The research applies textual analysis where I analyzed the dialogue, character's actions, and mise-en-scene elements in the film such as costume and lighting. This research concludes that Estella is a virtuous character, and this contests the popular opinion that views Estella as a villain."

"The number of primates on the brink of extinction continues to grow due to threats such as habitat loss, hunting, and disease. The need to respond with effective conservation measures has therefore never been greater. This edited book brings together an international team of contributing authors with wide-ranging expertise to provide a comprehensive synthesis of current research principles and management practices in primate conservation. The chapters are grouped into three sections: background and conceptual issues, threats, and solutions. In the first section, the authors consider why we should conserve primates, summarize the conservation status of primates, discuss species concepts and their relevance to conservation, review primate conservation genetics, and describe primate abundance and distributions. The second section includes discussion of threats from habitat destruction and degradation, primate trade, hunting, infectious diseases, and climate change. The third section considers solutions to primate conservation challenges from several perspectives: protected areas, landscape mosaics, human-primate conflict, reintroduction, ecosystem services, and evidence-based conservation. The book concludes with consideration of some future directions for primate conservation research."