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"[ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas pelaksanaan program KB pascapersalinan danpascakeguguran di Provinsi DKI Jakarta yang diatur dalam Peraturan KepalaBKKBN Nomor : 146 Tahun 2009 dilihat dari Komunikasi, Sumber Daya danSikap Pengelola dan Pelaksana Program KB.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan desain penelitian deskriptifanalitik.Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa komunikasi dari tingkat pengelola masih belummemiliki jalur koordinasi yang terprogram, selain itu perubahan kebijakan dariJampersal ke JKN sangat mempengaruhi komitmen pelaksana program. Masihkurangnya tenaga bidan dan dokter terlatih sehingga program belum dapatdilaksanakan secara optimal. Disamping itu edukasi yang disampaikan kepadamasyarakat belum fokus pada pelayanan KB MKJP. Belum adanya PeraturanDaerah tentang pelayanan KB MKJP pascapersalinan dan pascakeguguran di DKIJakarta. Sebab masih kurangnya komitmen dari pengelola dan pelaksana programdalam memprioritaskan KB MKJP pascapersalinan/pascakeguguran di DKIJakarta.Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya komitmen yang kuat dari pemerintah daerah untukmenjadikan Program KB MKJP pascapersalinan/ pascakeguguran menjadiprogram prioritas di Provinsi DKI Jakarta.

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ABSTRACT"This thesis discussed about the implementation of postpartum and post abortion""family planning programs in DKI Jakarta Province based on The Head of National Family Planning Board (BKKBN) Regulation Number : 146/2009, focusing on communications, resources and attitudes of Family Planning (FP) Program Managers and Implementers.""This study was a qualitative research with descriptive analytic study design.""The study found that the communication from the management level still has no programmed coordination. In addition, policy changes from Jampersal to National Health Insurance (JKN) greatly affected the commitment of the program managers. There were still a lot of midwives and doctors not trained yet so that the program can not be implemented optimally. In addition, public education submitted was not focused on Long Acting Methods (LAM) family planning program. The absence of a Local Regulation on postpartum and post abotion LAM family planning services in Jakarta, was caused by a lack of commitment from Program Managers and Implementers in prioritizing Postpartum and Post Abortion LAM Program in DKI Jakarta.""Therefore, a strong commitment from the government is needed to make the postpartum and post abortion LAM FP Program be a priority program in DKI Jakarta.";"This thesis discussed about the implementation of postpartum and post abortion""family planning programs in DKI Jakarta Province based on The Head of National Family Planning Board (BKKBN) Regulation Number : 146/2009, focusing on communications, resources and attitudes of Family Planning (FP) Program Managers and Implementers.""This study was a qualitative research with descriptive analytic study design.""The study found that the communication from the management level still has no programmed coordination. In addition, policy changes from Jampersal to National Health Insurance (JKN) greatly affected the commitment of the program managers. There were still a lot of midwives and doctors not trained yet so that the program can not be implemented optimally. In addition, public education submitted was not focused on Long Acting Methods (LAM) family planning program. The absence of a Local Regulation on postpartum and post abotion LAM family planning services in Jakarta, was caused by a lack of commitment from Program Managers and Implementers in prioritizing Postpartum and Post Abortion LAM Program in DKI Jakarta.""Therefore, a strong commitment from the government is needed to make the postpartum and post abortion LAM FP Program be a priority program in DKI Jakarta.", "This thesis discussed about the implementation of postpartum and post abortion""family planning programs in DKI Jakarta Province based on The Head of National Family Planning Board (BKKBN) Regulation Number : 146/2009, focusing on communications, resources and attitudes of Family Planning (FP) Program Managers and Implementers.""This study was a qualitative research with descriptive analytic study design.""The study found that the communication from the management level still has no programmed coordination. In addition, policy changes from Jampersal to National Health Insurance (JKN) greatly affected the commitment of the program managers. There were still a lot of midwives and doctors not trained yet so that the program can not be implemented optimally. In addition, public education submitted was not focused on Long Acting Methods (LAM) family planning program. The absence of a Local Regulation on postpartum and post abotion LAM family planning services in Jakarta, was caused by a lack of commitment from Program Managers and Implementers in prioritizing Postpartum and Post Abortion LAM Program in DKI Jakarta.""Therefore, a strong commitment from the government is needed to make the postpartum and post abortion LAM FP Program be a priority program in DKI Jakarta."]"

"Masih tingginya angka kematian bayi dan rendahnya status gizi bayi di provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dan Nusa Tenggara Timur yang akan berpengaruh terhadap kelangsungan hidup bayi. Status gizi merupakan salah satu proksi untuk mengukur kelangsungan hidup anak (Mosley & Chen, 1984; Pelletier & Frongillo, 2003). Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pola hubungan faktor sosial-ekonomi terhadap kelangsungan hidup bayi melalui faktor proksi determinan di Nusa Tenggara Barat dan Nusa Tenggara Timur tahun 2007. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan data sekunder dari hasil Survey Perilaku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak serta Pola Pencarian Pengobatan di Tingkat Masyarakat di Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dan Nusa Tenggara Timur tahun 2007. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah bayi berumur 0-ll bulan dan mcmenuhi syarat kelengkapan data yang dibutuhkan oleh peneliti, sehingga total sampel adalah 1937 bayi. Variabel yang diteliti pada penelitian ini adalah variabel pengeluaran per kapita, status bekerja ibu dan tingkat pendidikan ibu (faktor sosial-ekonomi), variabel stunting, underweight dan wasling (kelangsungan hidup bayi), variabel umur ibu, paritas dan jarak kelahiran (faktor maternal), sumber air minum, jenis jamban, kepadatan rumah, jenis dinding, jenis atap, dan jenis lantai (faktor kontaminasi lingkungan), variabel pemberian kolostrum, ASI eksklusif dan kesesuaian pemberian makan mmbahan (faktor delisiensi nutrisi), dan kelengkapan imunisasi, kunjungan neonatal pertama dan kedua (faktor penoegahan dan perawatan kesehatan bayi). Metode analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah uii chi-square dan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Proporsi status gizi lcurang berkisar antara 13-16% pada kedua provinsi untuk ketiga jenis pengukuran status gizi (stzmting, wasting dan zmderweight). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna, propoisi bayi wasting antara bayi dengan rumah yang padat dibandingkan yang kurang padat (p<0,05). Terdapat perbedaan bermakna., proporsi bayi stunting, under-weight atau wasting, pada variabel asi eksklusif kesesuaian pemberian makanan tambahan, dan kelengkapan imunisasi (p<0,01). Underweight merupakan indikator yang paling dominan di antara smniing dan wasting dalam menjeiaskan kelangsungan hidup bayi sebemr 96% (Xte1standar20,70; VE20,50; ClL>:0,70). Pada faktor defisiensi nutrisi, variabel pemberian kolostrum dan air susu ibu merupakan indikator yang baik, sedaugkan variabel kunjungan neonatal kedua merupakan indikator yang balk dalam menjelaskan falctor pencegahan dan perawatan kesehatan bayi sebesar 98% (7(,terstandar20,70; VB20,50; CR20,70). Terdapat pola hubungan antara faktor sosial-ekonomi terhadap kelangsungan hidup bayi melalui faktor proksi (faktor matemal, kontaminasi lingkungan, dan defisiensi gizi) (GFI>0,90; CFI>0,92).

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The high rate of infant mortality and the low rate of nutritional status of infant in Nusa Tenggara Barat and Nusa Tenggara Timur province affect the survival of infant in the area. Nutritional status is one of the proxies in measuring infant survival (Mosley & Chen, 1984; Pelletier & Frongillo, 2003). The objective of the research is to find out the relationship pattern of socioeconomic to infant survival, through proxy determinant factors in West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara province in the year 2007.

The research utilizes secondary data derived ii'om the “Health Behavior of Mother and Child” survey and the “Medication Outlook Pattern” survey in the society level _in Nusa Tenggara Barat and Nusa Tenggara Timur province year 2007. The samples taken are infant aging 0-ll months, and is inline with the researcher’s standard of data, therefore the total number- of samples are 1937 infants. The variables studied in the research are expenditure per capita., maternal working status, and maternal educational status (socioeconomic factors), stunting, tmderweight, and wasting (infant survival), matemal age, parity, birth distance (maternal factors), Source of drinking water, type of toiletry, house density, type of house wall, type of house floor (environmental contaminants factors), colostrums providing, exclusive breastfeeding and the proper supplementary food providing (nutritional deficiency factors), completeness of immunization, first and second neonatal visits (infant health prevention and treatment factors). The method of statistic analysis used is the chi-square test and the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).

The proportion of poor nutritional status is around 13-16% in the two provinces for the three types of nutritional status measurement (srunring, wasting, and underweighr). There is a significant difference in the proportion of infant wasting among infants living in high density housing compared to the infants living in the lower density housing (p<0.05). 'I`l1ere is a significant difference in the proportion of infant stunting, underweight, or wasting in the exclusive breastfeeding variable, proper supplementary food providence, and completeness of immunization (p<0.0l). Undenveighr is the most dominant indicator among stunting and wasting in explaining infant survival as much as 96% (x standardized;0.70; VE20.50; CIQO.70). In the nutritional deficiency factor, the colostnxms providing and breastfeeding variables are good indicators, second neonatal visit variable is the proper indicator in explaining the factors of health infant prevention and treatment, as much as 98% (x standardized20.70; VE?_0.50; CF20.70). There is a relationship pattern between the socioeconomic factors and the infant survival through proxy factor (matemal, environmental contamination, nutritional deficiency factors) (GF I>0.90; CF l>0.92)."

"Angka kematian bayi (AKB) merupakan salah satu indikator yang dapat digunakan unutk mengukur kesejahteraan suatu bangsa. AKB di Indonesia masih tinggi dan menempati urutan ke enam tertinggi di ASEAN. Banyak faktor yang menyebabkan masih tingginya AKB di Indonesia baik langsung maupun tidak langsung, diantaranya adalah masalah neonatal (asfiksia, BBLR), penyakit infeksi, sosial ekonomi, tingkat pendidikan dan program kesehatan, khususnya kesehatan anak dan bayi baru lahir. Salah satu upaya untuk menekan laju kematian bayi adalah dengan mengetahui faktor-faktor penyebabnya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor program kelangsungan hidup anak terhadap kematian bayi dengan menggunakan data sekunder berupa register kohort bayi dan data pendukung lain yang tersedia di puskesmas.Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian inii adalah kohort retrospektif dengan 1.693 sampel, adapun hasil yang didapat dalam penelitian dengan cox regresi adalah adanya hubungan yang bermakna pada pelayanan kesehatan neonatal dengan nilai p=0,000 (95%CI;10,142-33,974 dan RR=18,563. Pelayanan kesehatan pada bayi baru lahir (neonatal) sesuai standar diharapkan menjadi prioritas dalam upaya untuk menekan kematian pada bayi, khususnya pada bayi baru lahir.

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Infant mortality rate (IMR) is one of indicators that can be used to measure a nation's welfare. IMR in Indonesia is still high and constitutes the 6th highest rate in ASEAN. There are many direct and indirect factors causing the high IMR in Indonesia, among others are neonatal problem (asphyxia, low birth weight infant), infection disease, social economy, education level and health program, in particular child and newborn infant's health. One of efforts to suppress the infant mortality rate is finding out the causing factors.

This study is aiming at finding factors of child survival program towards infant mortality by using secondary data: infant cohort register and other supporting data that are available at primary health centre (Puskesmas).

The design used in this study is retrospective cohort of 1,693 samples, and the result found in the study using regression Cox is that there is a significant relation in neonatal health care with p=0,000 (95%CI;2,529-5,606) and RR=3,765. Health care for newborn infant (neonatal) according to the standard is expected to be a priority to suppress infant mortality, in particularly newborn infant."