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"ABSTRACTPenelitian ini berfokus pada diskusi mengenai de-demokratisasi di Thailand sejak tahun 2006-2017. Sebagai negara demokratis, Thailand mulai menunjukkan indikasi keruntuhan demokrasi sejak kudeta militer tahun 2006. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat penyebab dari de-demokratisasi melalui proses keruntuhan demokrasi di Thailand. Penelitian ini menggunakan landasan teori keruntuhan rezim demokrasi Linz yang melihat interaksi antar elemen keruntuhan melalui tiga tahapan proses. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang diperoleh melalui data sekunder. Hasil dari temuan ini memperlihatkan bahwa de-demokratisasi di Thailand tidak hanya terjadi karena interaksi antar elemen keruntuhannya saja tapi juga karena kegagalan proses penyeimbangan kembali.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to thoroughly discuss the de democratization in Thailand during the period 2006 2017. Despite being a democratic country, the country has shown indications of democratic breakdown following the military coup during the period. This study attempts to address the causes such de democratization through the democratic breakdown process. Utilizing Linz rsquo s democratic regime breakdown theory, the discussion revolves on the interactions among the breakdown elements throughout three stages. In particular, this study qualitatively discusses study cases that are analyzed using secondary data relevant to the subject. The findings suggest that Thailand rsquo s de democratization ensued not only due to such interactions between the aforementioned elements, but also the country rsquo s reequilibration failures."

"This book is a comprehensive source of the fundamentals, process parameters, instrumental components and applications of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The effect of multiple pulses on material ablation, plasma dynamics and plasma emission is presented. A heuristic plasma modeling allows to simulate complex experimental plasma spectra. These methods and findings form the basis for a variety of applications to perform quantitative multi-element analysis with LIBS. These application potentials of LIBS have really boosted in the last years ranging from bulk analysis of metallic alloys and non-conducting materials, via spatially resolved analysis and depth profiling covering measuring objects in all physical states: gaseous, liquid and solid. Dedicated chapters present LIBS investigations for these tasks with special emphasis on the methodical and instrumental concepts as well as the optimization strategies for a quantitative analysis. Requirements, concepts, design and characteristic features of LIBS instruments are described covering laboratory systems, inspections systems for in-line process control, mobile systems and remote systems. State-of-the-art industrial applications of LIBS systems are presented demonstrating the benefits of inline process control for improved process guiding and quality assurance purposes."

"Pembuatan estimasi biaya yang efektif dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor; aplikasi hitung yang digunakan dan estimator itu sendiri. Seorang estimator yang mahir akan menentukan akurasi estimasi biaya dan aplikasi hitung yang efektif akan meningkatkan kecepatan pembuatannya serta akurasi perhitungannya akan semakin baik. Di sisi lain, menurut Data Statistik Lembaga Pengembangan Jasa Konstruksi, sekitar 88% kontraktor Indonesia adalah kontraktor kecil. Dengan perdagangan bebas Masyarakat Ekonomi Asean yang telah diberlakukan, tantangan bagi kontraktor kecil Indonesia untuk bersaing akan semakin besar. Dengan kedua alasan tersebut, penulis merancang Breakdown untuk meningkatkan daya saing kontraktor kecil Indonesia sebagai aplikasi pembuatan estimasi biaya penawaran. Breakdown dirancang dengan memperhatikan faktor pembuatan estimasi biaya, kebutuhan kontraktor kecil dan aplikasi yang sudah ada. Aplikasi ini dibangun berbasis Javascript dengan framework Webix. Metode Hallway Testing telah dilakukan untuk menguji coba purwarupa aplikasi ini dan didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa aplikasi ini sesuai dengan tujuannya dan mudah digunakan.

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There are two factors in order to achieve an effective cost estimation; calculation application that being used and also by the estimator itself. A capable estimator will determine the accuracy of a cost estimation and a good calculation application will increase the speed and further calculation accuracy. On the other side, according to statistical data from Lembaga Pengembangan Jasa Konstruksi (Institution of Construction Services), about 88% of Indonesian contractors are small contractors. In accordance of Asean Economic Community program applied, Indonesian small contractors are faced with bigger challenge. With those reasons in mind, the writer designed the Breakdown to increase Indonesian small contractors? competitiveness as a bidding cost estimation application. Breakdown is designed with consideration from cost estimation factors, small contractors? needs and other application that was already available. This application is built based on Javasript and Webix framework. Hallway Testing method has been applied to test the prototype of the application which result a conclusion that this application has achieved its purposes and easy to use."