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"This paper is a teaching note on the case of teaching Thai language speaking skills to Japanese students using task-based language teaching approach. Subjects included 17 second year Japanese students in the "Communication in Daily Life" course, a full academic year course. The course met 90 minutes once a week for 15 weeks per semester. The course objectives were for the students to be able to ask and answer questions in daily life situations; to be able to communicate with native speakers on various topics; and both communicative situations and complicated grammatical structure are emphasized. In task-based language learning, the primary focus of classroom activities was the task, and language was used as a tool to complete the meaningful tasks through authentic communication. Task-based language teaching provided opportunities for students to share ideas on an individual, pair and group basis. Each task was organized in 3 steps which proposed by Willis (1996) : pre-task, during task and post task. In the last week of semester 1, the students were asked to complete a questionnaire on students' self-assessment. The students reported the effectiveness of learning vocabulary from the tasks. In the students' view, authentic task materials such as pictures and VDO provided by the teacher in pre-task were very useful for them in the stage of planning the tasks. However, the students also reported difficulties in speaking fluently because of their inadequate vocabulary. Results from the students' self assessment indicated their satisfaction with the teaching approach employed in this course. It has been widely concluded that Japanese students tend to be shy and have nothing to say in class because of the fear of making mistakes. However, Japanese students in this class can communicate effectively in public with no fear and shyness. There were many reasons for the success of task-based learning approach in promoting speaking skills among Japanese students. Real world topics, authentic materials, classroom atmosphere and good relationship among the students play important role in the improvement of students speaking ability."

"Although there have been numerous investigations of biolinguistics within the Minimalist Program over the last ten years, many of which appeal to the importance of Turing's Thesis (that the structural design of systems must obey physical and mathematical laws), these studies have by and large ignored the question of the structural design of language. They have paid significant attention to identifying the components of language - settling on a lexicon, a computational system, a sensorimotor performance system and a conceptual-intentional performance system; however, they have not examined how these components must be inter-structured to meet thresholds of simplicity, generality, naturalness and beauty, as well as of biological and conceptual necessity. In this book, Stroik and Putnam take on Turing's challenge. They argue that the narrow syntax - the lexicon, the Numeration, and the computational system - must reside, for reasons of conceptual necessity, within the performance systems. As simple as this novel design is, it provides, as Stroik and Putnam demonstrate, radical new insights into what the human language faculty is, how language emerged in the species, and how language is acquired by children."

"The role and size of Japanese direct investment in Indonesia between the era of Orde Lama under Former President Soekarno and Orde Baru under Former President Soeharto was significantly changed. There was a rapid increase in Japanese direct investment starting in the Soeharto era. However a comprehensive historical survey is still lacking. (at any rate in the Indonesian or English language). This article hopes to fill this gap. This article provides a historical survey of the rise of Japanese direct investment in Indonesia since the late 1960s. It discusses the historical roots and the various phases of expansion provide information on the size and distribution by sector and discuss the major Japanese investors and their Indonesian counterparts. This historical survey is divided into four distinct phases: rapid expansion (1969-1976), relative stagnation (1977-1988), renewed expansion (1989-1997) and adaptation to the Asian economic crisis and its aftermath (as from 1998). Continuity has been conditioned by the general political climate in Indonesia and long-run changes in complementarities between the two countries rather than by short-run changes in foreign investment regulations. "