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"Kemacetan adalah sebuah permasalahan yang sering dihadapi oleh kota ? kota besar di dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi kemacetan lalu lintas dengan menjaga aliran arus lalu lintas kendaraan untuk tetap berjalan. Dinamika perubahan arus lalu lintas tersebut dapat dilihat melalui model arus lintas secara makroskopis yang disederhanakan dengan bentuk triangular sebagai respon cepat sistem terhadap kondisi aktual lapangan yang berubah-ubah. Model ini bisa juga disebut diagram fundamental triangular. Simulasi dari dari diagram fundamental tersebut menggunakan Simulator Hybrid Petri net (SimHPN). Aplikasi penerapan model dari Petri Net (PN) ini dilakukan untuk studi kasus arus ruas jalan tol Padaleunyi khususnya gate Pasteur. Dari data mentah arus lalu lintas didapatkan tingkat pelayanan jalan tol (Level of Services -LOS-) berada di D. kemudian dibuat bentuk model maksroskopik dinamika arus lalu lintas yang dipengaruhi dari jumlah kendaraan yang memasuki ruas jalan tol Pasteur menggunakan model Greenshield. Didapatkan parameter penting, yaitu parameter Kcrit = 32.523 kend/km, Qmax = 30.223 kend/menit, Kmax = 63.833 kend/km, dan Q(Kmax) = 0.792 kend/menit sebagai variabel penentu pembentuk diagram fundamental tiangular melalui model HPN dan disimulasikan dengan SimHPN. Pengembangan yang dilakukan adalah dengan membuat nilai batas kecepatan maksimum (Variable Speed Limit ?VSL-) agar memastikan arus lalu lintas tetap berjalan dan menaikkan tingkat LOS dari jalan tol. Diberikan 4 variabel VSL yang diubah-ubah yaitu pada Vfree 100 km/jam, 80 km/jam, 60 km/jam, dan 40 km/jam. Ke-empat variabel tersebut disimulasikan menggunkan SimHPN pula untuk kemudian dilakukan pendekatan analitik. Dari simulasi VSL tersebut didapatkan bahwa dapat meningkatkan LOS jalan tol menjadi B pada saat VSL 60 km/jam.

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Congestion is one of the most complex problem in the world, including Indonesia. Solution to decrease congestion problem is to keep move the vehicle on the road. Dynamics of traffic flow can be translated with the microscopic traffic model which is simplified in triangular shape as system quick responses towards fluctuation of real condition. It is called triangular fundamental diagram. Hybrid Petri Simulator (SimHPN) is used to simulate the fundamental diagram. Application models of Petri Net (PN) is done to case study of Padaleunyi toll roads, especially on Pasteur Gate. From the traffic flow premier data, can be obtained to Level of Services (LOS) of toll on point D. Then it is created in traffic flow dynamic microscopic model that affected from number of vehicles which use Greenshield Model. There are important parameter of it, among others Kcrit = 32.523 vehicles/km, Qmax = 30.223 vehicles/minute, Kmax = 63.833 vehicles/km, and Q(Kmax) = 0.792 vehicles/minute as main variables for triangular fundamental diagram framer via HPN model and simulated with SimHPN. Development of it have been determined by Variable Speed Limit (VSL) to ensure the traffic flow keep move continually and can raise LOS levels along toll roads. There are 4 variables of VSL that is changed, i.e Vfree 100 kph, 80 kph, 60 kph, and 40 kph. Those variables is simulated with SimHPN too and then can be done analytical approach. From the simulated VSL can be obtained the raises of toll road LOS into point B when VSL 60 kph."

"Sistem lalu lintas perkotaan (Urban Traffic System - UTS) adalah sistem yang kompleks yang terdiri dari jaringan jalan yang saling terhubung, aturan-aturan pada jalan, kendaraan dan entitas lain yang berada dalam jaringan jalan dan sistem manajemen serta pengaturan lalu lintas. Tujuan utama dari sistem ini adalah agar pengguna jalan dapat melalui perjalanannya dengan selamat dan dalam waktu yang wajar (reasonable). Sistem pengaturan lalu lintas perkotaan (Urban Traffic Control System) yang handal telah menjadi kebutuhan yang sangat mendesak. Dalam tesis ini dibahas strategi pengaturan sistem lalu lintas dan pengujian kinerjanya. Untuk merancang strategi pengaturan yang baik diperlukan model lalu lintas kendaraan bermotor. Model yang digunakan adalah hybrid petri net yang merepresentasikan dinamika makroskopik sistem lalu lintas. Dalam model hybrid petri net dinamika kendaraan dimodelkan dengan petri net kontinyu dan lampu lalu lintas dimodelkan petri net diskrit. Strategi pengaturan optimal dipakai untuk mengatur lama waktu lampu lalu lintas. Strategi ini didasarkan pada sistem pengaturan loop tertutup dan respon terhadap perubahan kondisi lalu lintas. Dari hasil simulasi, sistem pengaturan ini dapat menurunkan waktu antrian yang signifikan dibandingkan dengan pengaturan secara fix control.

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Urban Traffic System (UTS) is a system consists of interconnected roads, traffic regulations, vehicles and other entities that belong in the road networking, systems management and traffic control system. This system has been created for the user in order to experience a safe journey in a reasonable time. For society, a reliable Urban Traffic Control System (UTCS) has become an urgent need. In this thesis discussed a control strategy for the traffic system and testing their performance. To design a good control strategy is required traffic model. The model used is hybrid petri net that represents the macroscopic dynamics of the traffic system. In hybrid petri net models, the vehicle dynamics are modeled by continuous petri net and traffic lights are modeled by discrete petri net. Optimal control strategy is used to set the length of time the traffic lights. This strategy is based on a closed loop control system and response to changing traffic conditions. From the simulation results, this control system can reduce the queuing time significantly compared to fixed control settings."

"The LNCS journal Transactions on Computational Systems Biology is devoted to inter- and multidisciplinary research in the fields of computer science and life sciences and supports a paradigmatic shift in the techniques from computer and information science to cope with the new challenges arising from the systems oriented point of view of biological phenomena. This, the 14th Transactions on Computational Systems Biology volume, guest edited by Ion Petre and Erik de Vink, focuses on Computational Models for Cell Processes and features a number of carefully selected and enhanced contributions, initially presented at the CompMod workshop, which took place in Aachen, Germany, in September 2011. The papers, written from different points of view and following various approaches, cover a wide range of topics within the field of modeling and analysis of biological systems. In addition, two regular submissions deal with models of self-assembling systems and metabolic constraints on the evolution of genetic codes."

"This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Applications and Theory of Petri Nets and Concurrency, PETRI NETS 2012, held in Hamburg, Germany, in June 2012. The 18 regular papers and 3 tool papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 55 submissions. The book also contains 2 invited talks. All current issues on research and development in the area of Petri nets and related models of concurrent systems are addressed."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang model Petri Net dari sistem Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Hibrida (PLTH) yang kompleks, baik dari segi jenis dan jumlah sumber energi listriknya, jenis beban yang disuplai, maupun dari komponen-komponen lain yang digunakan. Sistem PLTH yang dibuat modelnya meliputi 1 unit photovoltaic, 2 unit turbin angin, 1 unit generator diesel, baterai (energy storage), konverter bidirectional, ac bus, dc bus, beban ac, dan beban dc. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menerapkan strategi load-following, cycle-charging, dan strategi battery state of charge dalam pengoperasian model sistem PLTH yang memadukan antara sumber-sumber energi terbarukan dan sumber energi tidak terbarukan. Analisis dilakukan dengan mengamati hasil simulasi model yang diperoleh dari ketiga macam strategi yang diterapkan kemudian menghitung estimasi biaya yang diperlukan dari ketiga strategi tersebut. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa biaya terendah diperoleh dengan menerapkan strategi battery state of charge. Model sistem PLTH dibuat dengan metode Petri Net, sedangkan simulasinya dilakukan dengan menggunakan software GPenSIM yang dioperasikan dalam platform MATLAB. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa ketiga strategi penyaluran daya listrik dapat digunakan pada model sistem PLTH yang dibuat.

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This thesis discusses the Petri Net model of the Hybrid Power Generation Systems (HPGS) complex, both in the type and the amount of electrical energy sources, types of loads supplied, as well as from other components used. The system modeled the HPGS which includes a photovoltaic unit, 2 units of wind turbine, a diesel generator unit, thebattery (energy storage), bidirectional converter, ac bus, dc bus, ac load, and dc load. The study aims to apply the load-following strategy, cycle-charging, and battery state of charge strategy in the operation model of the HPGS that combine renewable energy sources and non-renewable energy sources. The analysis was performed by observingthe simulation results obtained by the model with three kinds of strategy that are applied then to calculate the estimated cost required of the three strategies. The simulation results show that the lowest cost is obtained by applying the battery state of charge strategy. The HPGS model created by Petri Net method, while the simulation is done by using software GPenSIM operated in MATLAB platform. The simulation results show that all of the strategy can be used in the model of the HPGS."

"These Transactions publish archival papers in the broad area of Petri nets and other models of concurrency, ranging from theoretical work to tool support and industrial applications. ToPNoC issues are published as LNCS volumes, and hence are widely distributed and indexed. This Journal has its own Editorial Board which selects papers based on a rigorous two-stage refereeing process. ToPNoC contains: - Revised versions of a selection of the best papers from workshops and tutorials at the annual Petri net conferences - Special sections/issues within particular subareas (similar to those published in the Advances in Petri Nets series) - Other papers invited for publication in ToPNoC - Papers submitted directly to ToPNoC by their authors The fifth volume of ToPNoC contains revised versions of selected papers from workshops and tutorials held in conjunction with the 31st International Conference on Application and Theory of Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency, as well as a contributed paper selected through the regular submission track of ToPNoC. The 12 papers cover a diverse range of topics including model checking and system verification, synthesis, foundational work on specific classes of Petri nets, and innovative applications of Petri nets and other models of concurrency."

"Dalam keadaan atau situasi segenting apapun fungsi-fungsi negara/kekuasaan negara tidak boleh absen. Oleh sebab itu menjadi penting suatu negara mempunyai pengaturan yang bersifat antisipatif guna menghadapi keadaan tidak normal atau situasi darurat yang serba mendesak, terutama bagi pejabat publik yang menjadi bagian dari penyelenggara negara, untuk memberikan dasar atas tindakan-tindakan yang harus dilakukan dalam jabatannya guna menghadapi situasi genting atau darurat tersebut.Memasuki kuartal ke IV tahun 2008, Pemerintah memandang perekonomian Indonesia memasuki kondisi yang mengkhawatirkan. Mempertimbangkan kondisi makro ekonomi global dan domestik, dengan mengacu kepada Pasal 22 UUD 1945, maka Pemerintah menerbitkan 3 (tiga) Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang (Perpu), salah satunya yaitu Perpu No. 4 Tahun 2008 tentang Jaring Pengaman Sistem Keuangan (JPSK), yang memperjelas Protokol Manajemen Krisis Sistem Keuangan Indonesia, mengingat belum selesainya penyusunan RUU JPSK. Dalam perjalanannya, Perpu dimaksud baru dicabut pada tanggal 6 Agustus 2015, melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pencabutan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2008 tentang JPSK.Pencabutan Perpu JPSK tersebut membawa implikasi terhadap pelaksanaan fungsi Bank Indonesia sebagai lender of last resort, yaitu mengakibatkan tidak adanya payung hukum yang mengatur mengenai jaring pengaman sistem keuangan, sehingga ada kekosongan hukum yang diperlukan untuk membentuk konstruksi yang sempurna bagi Bank Indonesia untuk melaksanakan fungsi lender of last resort. Dengan kondisi yang demikian, dalam hal terjadi krisis di sistem keuangan dan terdapat bank yang mengalami kesulitan likuiditas dan berdampak sistemik, Bank Indonesia tidak dapat menjalankan fungsi sebagai lender of last resort dengan baik.

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In any circumstance or urgent situation the functions of national/state power cannot be absent. Therefore becomes important to a country having regulation to face the emergency situation, especially for public officials who are part of the state, to provide the foundation for the actions that must be performed in order to confront his critical situation or emergency.Entering the fourth quarter of 2008, the Government views the Indonesian economy entered a vulnerable phase. Considering the global and domestic macro economy, with reference to Article 22 UUD 1945, the Government issued three (3) of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (decree), one of the decree No. 4 Year 2008 on the Financial System Safety Net (FSSN), which clarifies the Financial System Crisis Management Protocol Indonesia, particularly related to the authorities concerned and regarding the rights and obligations of the arrangement, given the completion of the drafting of laws FSSN. Along the way, the decree was revoked on August 6, 2015, through Act No. 11 of 2015 concerning Revocation of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 4 of 2008 on FSSN.Revocation of Exemption Law FSSN the implications of the implementation of Bank Indonesia function as a lender of last resort, which resulted in the absence of a legal framework governing the financial system safety net, so that there is a legal vacuum that needed to form a construction that is perfect for Bank Indonesia to perform the function of lender of last resort. With such conditions, in the event of a crisis in the financial system and some banks experiencing liquidity problems and systemic impact, Bank Indonesia cannot perform the function of lender of last resort as well."