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"Abstract. Bangka-Belitung Islands Province, located in the Karimata Strait, offers a number of benefits that can be optimized to promote the development in the region through the development of the tourism sector of the province. The magnificence of its natural scenery, culture, and history are the main attractions for international tourists to pay visit to the region. However, the development of the tourism sector in the Province tends to be concentrated in Belitung Island while Bangka Island has not received serious attention from the local government. The purpose of this research paper is to identify and explore the option of sustainable tourism to promote the development of Bangka Island. The data of this study are collected from in-depth interviews, focus group discussion (FGD), and observations. In addition, secondary data is also for further analysis. The results of this study show that sustainable tourism is required to increase the regional development in Bangka Island. However, several problems, such as environmental issues in relation to the tin mining activity in the region as well as ineffective coordination among stakeholders hamper the development of tourism sector. The approach of sustainable tourism, which emphasizes the roles of stakeholders, will be able to serve as the locomotive to develop the tourism sector in the region and, subsequently, the future development of Bangka Island in general. The contribution of this study is to encourage the development of sustainable tourism with a comprehensive approach through strengthening the roles of stakeholders.Keywords: Abstrak. Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung yang berlokasi di Selat Karimata menawarkan sejumlah potensi yang dapat dioptimalkan dalam rangka mendorong pembangunan daerah melalui pengembangan sektor pariwisata. Keindahan alam, budaya, dan sejarah merupakan daya tarik utama untuk meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan. Namun demikian, perkembangan sektor pariwisata cenderung diarahkan pada Pulau Belitung sedangkan Pulau Bangka kurang mendapat perhatian serius dari pemerintah daerah. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mengeksplorasi pengembangan pariwisata berkelanjutan untuk mendorong pembangunan Pulau Bangka dengan didukung oleh penguatan peran multi-stakeholder. Pengumpulan data dan informasi dilakukan dengan cara FGD, wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Selain itu, data sekunder pun digunakan untuk memperdalam analisis. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa pariwisata berkelanjutan sangat dibutuhkan di Pulau Bangka untuk mendorong pembangunan daerah. Akan tetapi, sejumlah permasalahan, seperti isu lingkungan terkait dengan aktivitas pertambangan timah dan koordinasi yang belum efektif antar pemangku kepentingan menjadi penghambat perkembangan sektor pariwisata. Pendekatan pariwisata berkelanjutan yang menekankan pada peran antar pemangku kepentingan dapat menjadi lokomotif untuk mengembangkan sektor pariwisata sehingga berimplikasi terhadap pembangunan dalam jangka panjang. Studi ini berkontribusi dalam mendorong pembangunan pariwisata berkelanjutan dengan pendekatan yang komprehensif melalui penguatan peran dari para pemangku kepentingan.Kata kunci: pariwisata, pariwisata berkelanjutan, pemangku kepentingan, pembangunan ekonomi"

"Nota Kesepahaman antara Pemerintah Republik Indonesia dan Gerakan Aceh Merdeka merupakan komitmen untuk penyelesaian konflik Aceh secara damai, menyeluruh, berkelanjutan dan bermartabat bagi semua. Pada dasarnya kebijakan reintegrasi adalah sebagai suatu instrumen kebijakan sosial dalam membangun perdamaian di Aceh berdasarkan Nota Kesepahaman Helsinki. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif, tesis ini menggambarkan implementasi kebijakan reintegrasi pascakonflik di Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Dalam pelaksanaanya, implementasi kebijakan reintegrasi didukung oleh beberapa faktor seperti: adanya lisensi, komunikasi, disposisi, dan sumberdaya. Namun demikian, beberapa hal juga menjadi penghambat di dalam implementasi kebijakan, yaitu: sumberdaya yang tidak memadai, informasi yang tidak lengkap, serta kurangnya kompetensi.

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Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of The Republic of Indonesia and The Free Aceh Movement is a commitment to a peaceful, comprehensive and sustainable solution to the conflict in Aceh with dignity for all. Basically, reintegration policy is an instrument of social policy for peace building in Aceh based on MoU Helsinki. With qualitative approaches, this thesis explains the implementation of reintegration policy of post conflict in North Aceh regency. There are some factors supported the implementation of those policies like license, communication, disposition, and recourses. But, in another side, there are some barrier factors for the implementation of policy like unequal resources, incomplete of information, and lacks of competence."

"Memasuki abad ke 21, sampah Plastik Sekali Pakai (PSP) mencul sebagai salah satu permasalahan lingkungan hidup yang mendapatkan perhatian serius masyarakat dunia, seiring dengan hadirnya kesepakatan global tentang Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2015-2030. Permasalahan PSP merupakan bagian penting dari target pencapaian SDGs ke 14 tentang Life Below Water dan 15 tentang Life on Land. Isu ini merupakan kajian menarik untuk dikaji karena bersifat intermestik (menganalisis keterkaitan isu Internasional dengan domestik). Skripsi ini mempresentasikan hasil penelitian kualitatif dan empirik terhadap isu tersebut dengan mengangkat konteks lokal Provinsi Bali sebagai studi kasus. Konsep Kemitraan Multipihak dan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan adalah konsep sentral yang digunakan untuk mengkaji dinamika relasi antara aktor negara dan non negara (NGO dan Sektor Bisnis) dalam mewujudkan Bali yang bebas dari sampah PSP. Temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) kemitraan multipihak dapat menghadirkan solusi dalam penyelesaian timbunan sampah plastik di Pulau Bali, (2) walau terdapat dinamika tarik ulur kepentingan dalam proses perancangan dan implementasi, sektor bisnis dan NGO internasional dan lokal memainkan peran penting dalam membantu pemerintah menciptakan budaya dalam masyarakat untuk mengurangi penggunaan PSP. Dari temuan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pemerintah Daerah, Masyarakat Lokal dan Kelompok Bisnis adalah major groups yang mempunyai peran penting dan strategis untuk mewujudkan pencapaian agenda pembangunan global (SDGs); dan kemitraan multipihak adalah pendekatan yang paling efektif untuk mensinergikan berbagai kekuatan dan keberagaman kepentingan untuk satu tujuan.

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Entering the 21st century, Disposable Plastic Waste has emerged as one of the environmental problems that has received serious attention from the world community, along with the presence of a global agreement on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2015-2030. Disposable plastics issues are an important part to solve in achieving the target 14th SDGs about Life Below Water and 15 about Life on Land. This issue is an interesting study to be understood because it is intermestic in nature (analyzing the linkages between international and domestic issues). This thesis presents the results of qualitative and empirical research based on the local context of the Province of Bali as a case study. The concept of Multi-stakeholder Partnership and Sustainable Development are a central concept used to analyze the dynamics of relations between state and non-state actors (NGOs and the Business Sector) in realizing Bali free from disposable plastic waste. The findings in this study are (1) multi-stakeholder partnership presents as a solution in managing the plastic waste on the island of Bali, (2) although there are dynamics of interest in the design and implementation process, the business sector and international and local NGOs play an important role in helping the government creating culture in the community to reduce PSP use. From these findings it can be concluded that the Regional Government, Local Communities and Business Groups are the major groups that have an important and strategic role in realizing the achievement of the global development agenda (SDGs); and multi-stakeholder partnerships are the most effective approaches to synergize various modalities and diversity of interests for a single purpose."

"Aceh during the 2004 tsunami was a war-zone, with Indonesia's military engaged in a major operation to crush a separatist rebellion that had been simmering since 1976. Even though the funds had been donated for tsunami relief, any real reconstruction of Aceh had to consider the impact of the conflict on the well-being of the population, as well as governance and administrative capacities."

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Industri kelapa sawit Indonesia dinilai masyarakat internasional belum memenuhi agenda pembangunan berkelanjutan. Isu lingkungan, tata kelola, dan sosial yang dihadapi sangat kompleks dan sarat kepentingan. Pemerintah Indonesia bekerjasama dengan UNDP membentuk tata kelola kemitraan multi pihak (MSP) Forum Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan Indonesia (FOKSBI), yang menghasilkan standar acuan pengelolaan industri kelapa sawit Indonesia bernama Rencana Aksi Nasional Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan (RAN KSB). Beragam aktor transnasional dan lokal terlibat, dengan segala motif, karakter, modalitas dan kepentingan, termasuk ENGO WWF. Metode kualitatif (studi kasus) digunakan untuk melihat peran dan pengaruh WWF dalam dinamika kemitraan, melalui pemahaman konsep tata kelola MSP serta merujuk kajian terdahulu terkait peran NGO di dalam MSP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa WWF memiliki peran dan pengaruh cukup besar di dalam MSP FOKSBI, terutama pada proses implementasi awal RAN KSB. Di tingkat daerah, WWF berperan penting sebagai project leader mitra implementasi FOKSBI di wilayah Sintang dan Melawi, Kalimantan. Di tingkat nasional, WWF aktif memberikan konsultasi dan advokasi dalam proses pengembangan draft RAN KSB, sehingga agenda konservasi lingkungan dan sosial dapat terakomodir dengan sangat baik. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa aktor non negara di dalam MSP berperan penting dalam pencapaian tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Meskipun memiliki kekuatan yang relatif berbeda, kekuatan NGO tidak kalah signifikan dalam mempengaruhi aktor lain untuk menerima norma atau nilai-nilai minoritas yang biasanya dikesampingkan terkait isu lingkungan dan sosial.

 

 

 

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Indonesian palm oil industry is viewed by international community as not conforming to the sustainable development agenda. Environmental, social, and governance issues created a complex and multi-interest problem. Indonesian government, together with UNDP, formulates a governance structure for multi stakeholders partnership (MSP) called Forum Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan Indonesia (FOKSBI), which produces a standard for sustainable palm oil management in Indonesia called Rencana Aksi Nasional Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan (RAN KSB). Various actors are involved, each with different motives, characters, modalities, and interests, including ENGO WWF. This study uses qualitative methodology (case study) to analyze the role and effect of WWF in the dynamics of the partnership through MSP governance concept and previous studies on the role of NGO in MSP. In the regional level, WWF plays important role as implementation project leader of RAN KSB in the pilot regions of Sintang and Melawi, Kalimantan. In the national level, WWF plays active role by giving consultation and advocacy in the drafting of RAN KSB, resulting in the social-environmental friendly agenda being well accommodated. In conclusion, the presence of non-state actors in MSP is important to achieve SDGs. Amidst other major actors power and authority, NGO has proven to be not less significant nor powerless when influencing other actors to accept the minority norms and values in environmental and social aspects, which is often neglected.

 

Keywords: Palm Oil, Sustainable Development Goals, Multi Stakeholder Partnerships, WWF, FOKSBI, National Action Plan

 

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"ABSTRAKSustainable Development Goals (SDGs) atau Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (TPB) merupakan agenda pembangunan internasional yang saat ini sedang berjalan sejak tahun 2015 hingga tahun 2030. Agenda pembangunan ini memperbaharui paradigma pembangunan sebelumnya yang hanya berkutat dengan soal ekonomi, melalui penyeimbangan dengan persoalan sosial dan lingkungan. Sebagai sebuah agenda pembangunan internasional yang diinisiasi oleh Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa (PBB), TPB mendapatkan perhatian banyak pihak, tidak terkecuali para akademisi di dunia internasional. Tulisan ini akan memberikan analisis terhadap pandangan para akademisi tersebut dalam konteks ilmu Hubungan Internasional. Metode dalam penelusuran dan analisis pandangan para akademisi tersebut adalah melalui kajian pustaka (literature review). Penulis mendapati dua temuan utama dalam kajian ini. Pertama, evolusi konsep dan praktik pembangunan di dunia terjadi dalam jangka waktu yang cukup panjang dan melibatkan aktor lintas sektoral. Kedua, terhadap TPB, terdapat konsensus dan perdebatan dari berbagai literatur akademik yang dikaji. Dari pendekatan paradigmatis, kajian ini mendapati konsentrasi pada perspektif institusionalisme dan teori kritis. Sementara itu, dari pendekatan empiris, literatur yang dikaji berfokus pada penerapan di ranah organisasi regional. Di akhir, penulis melalui kajian ini akan merefleksikan berbagai tantangan yang dihadapi Indonesia dalam upayanya mengaplikasikan TPB ini, sekaligus memberikan sumbang saran agar implementasi TPB dapat lebih baik ke depannya.

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ABSTRACT

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is a development agenda established by United Nations which set to be applied from 2015 to 2030. This development agenda revises former development paradigm which concentrating on economic growth. Sustainable development agenda accommodate the environment protection and social justice agenda besides the economic growth. As a global development agenda promoted by the United Nations, SDGs attract public concern, ranging from government officials to academia from across the world. This paper seeks to analyze the various points of view from diverse academic literature. This literature review results two main things. First, the concept and practice of sustainable development evolves through a long time and involves multisectoral perspective. Second, the view from literature that reviewed within this study generate two sides, from concensus to debates with paradigmatic and empirical approaches. From paradigmatic approach, this study found the concentration of literature at two fields, that are from institutionalism and critical theory point of view. From empirical approach, the literatures focus on ASEAN and European Union application of SDGs. At the end of this study, we reflects the concensus and debates within academic literature to challenge and opportunity that faced by Indonesia's effort to implement the SDGs, besides gave some suggestion to the implementation strategy."