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"The spread of COVID-19 brings holistic and tough impacts to legal institutions. As the Roman proverb goes, necessity knows no law. This public health hazard has quickly developed into a state of emergency and an exception which must be admitted when discussing legal order, due to the disease’s strikingly rapid transmission and high fatality rate. To handle the lingering state of emergency caused by the pandemic in 2020, many states have either set up or altered their legal and procedural supervision mechanisms. This paper firstly examines the theoretical origins, developments, transformations and practices of the legal infrastructures with regard to state of emergency in the US and Taiwan. Based on such background, we further analyze the emergent preventive measures for COVID-19 in the two states, testing if their emergency legal systems are able to curb the pandemic while abiding by their constitutional principles. Our research shows that compared with Taiwan’s disease control model, the US federalism equips the federal and state governments with better legal frameworks to establish emergency safety nets. Despite this, the Trump administration failed to timely invoke the constitution-assigned presidential emergency order, engendering policy swings and incoordination between the federal and state authorities. The lack of coherence in the US leadership eventually led to the failure of the country’s pandemic governance. On the other hand, our comparative study indicates that in both nations’ approaches to inhibit COVID-19, the Presidential emergency power (decree) embedded in the Constitutions is replaced by the emergency legislation. The lawmaking-dependent inclination marked by the integration of laws for managing disasters and threats to public health not only highlights the decline of presidential emergency powers granted by constitutional laws, but also brings profound challenges to judicial review which aims to ensure human rights."

"ABSTRACTUsing data for 341 enterprises listed on the Growth Enterprise Market (GEM) of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange and taking R and D expenditure as an indicator of innovation investment, this paper implements multiple linear regression to test whether venture capital promotes corporate innovation input. It also considers the relationship between the syndicated investment of venture capital and innovation input. The results show that venture capital indeed promotes R and D in the invested enterprises. The innovation input of syndicated investment enterprises is significantly higher than that of sole investment enterprises. Under syndicated investment, the higher the number of syndicated investment members and the greater the heterogeneity of the shareholding ratio among the members, the higher is the innovation input. The reputation of the syndicated investment team, however, has no significant impact on innovation input."

"Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis mengenai dampak ketidakpastian (World Uncertaınty Index-WUI) terhadap inefisiensi investasi perusahaan di Indonesia. data yang digunakan merupakan data panel 1150 firm-year yang terdiri dari periode time series 2014-2024 dan 115 cross section perusahaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dampak negatif dari ketidakpastian terhadap nilai absolut inefisiensi investasi. Secara khusus, terdapat dampak negatif dari ketidakpastian terhadap inefisiensi investasi pada kondisi overinvestment, dan dampak positif dari ketidakpastian terhadap inefisiensi investasi pada kondisi underinvestment. sehingga disimpulkan dalam kedua skenario investasi yang tidak normal, ketidakpastian mengurangi inefisiensi investasi dan mengoptimalkan

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This study analyzes the impact of uncertainty (World Uncertaınty Index-WUI) on corporate investment inefficiency in Indonesia. Tthe data used is 1150 firm-year panel data consisting of the 2014-2024 time series period and 115 cross section companies. the results show a negative impact of uncertainty on the absolute value of investment inefficiency. There is a negative impact of uncertainty on investment inefficiency in overinvestment conditions, and a positive impact of uncertainty on investment inefficiency in underinvestment conditions. Thus, it is concluded that in both abnormal investment scenarios, uncertainty reduces investment inefficiency and optimizes investment decisions."