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"[ABSTRAKPenelitian tesis ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fakta politik yang menunjukkan kemampuan Partai Golkar di Kabupaten dan Kota Serang dalam meraih suara yang relatif stabil dari Pemilu 1999 hingga Pemilu 2014. Partai Golkar di Kabupaten dan Kota Serang muncul sebagai partai yang berhasil menempatkan kadernya pada posisi strategis di lembaga legislatif dan eksekutif daerah dalam momentum Pemilu dan Pilkada. Strategi politik Partai Golkar di kedua wilayah ini terletak pada kekuatan struktur dan kemampuan memanfaatkan kultur politik lokal masyarakatnya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui strategi politik dan usaha Partai Golkar mengembangkan struktur politik, serta kemampuan Partai Golkar memanfaatkan kultur politik lokal di masyarakat dalam rangka mempertahankan dan meningkatkan perolehan suara pada Pemilu 2014 di Kabupaten dan Kota Serang.Sebagai alat bantu analisa kajian ini dipakai pendekatan pelembagaan partai politik dan budaya politik. Konsep pelembagaan partai politik sebagaimana dikemukakan Huntington, serta Vicky Randall dan Lars Svasand digunakan dalam mengkaji kekuatan struktur sebagai instrumen yang berpengaruh terhadap strategi politik Partai Golkar. Sedangkan teori budaya politik yang digagas Almond dan Verba dijabarkan dalam upaya menjelaskan kondisi kultur politik lokal masyarakat di Kabupaten dan Kota Serang. Kemampuan Partai Golkar untuk menggunakan budaya politik lokal menjadi elemen determinan dalam upaya mempertahankan dan menguatkan perolehan suara pada Pemilu 2014.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Jenis penelitian bersifat deskriptif analitis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan berdasarkan wawancara mendalam (indepth interview) dengan pengurus DPD II Partai Golkar Kabupaten/Kota Serang, akademisi, dan tokoh jawara serta ulama di wilayah Serang. Telaah dokumentasi juga dilakukan sebagai sumber data.Temuan penelitian sampai pada kesimpulan bahwa aspek strategi politik Partai Golkar dengan penekanan pada penanaman doktrin nilai perjuangan Partai Golkar, proses pembinaan kader partai dan upaya merespon harapan dan tuntutan konstituen, merupakan kunci mengapa Partai ini berhasil meraih suara di Serang. Di samping itu, pada aspek kultur, Partai Golkar memanfaatkan pengaruh kelompok ulama/kiai melalui diantaranya yakni, pembinaan terhadap pondok pesantren dan membina hubungan dengan kelompok jawara. Kedua kelompok ini, diyakini memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dalam masyarakat di Serang.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Partai Golkar di wilayah Serang melakukan institusionalisasi kepartaian sesuai teori pelembagaan partai politik dari Huntington, serta Vicky Randall dan Lars Svasand. Berdasarkan pada kajian penelitian, kondisi budaya politik masyarakat di wilayah Serang ialah budaya politik subyektif (kaula) seperti yang diungkapkan Almond dan Verba.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis examines how the ability of the Golkar Party in the District and City of Serang won votes on the elections of 1999 to 2014. The election victory of the Golkar Party in the region rooted in the strength of the structure and the capacity of the Party by using the local political culture. The study was conducted to see a political strategy of Golkar in utilizing local political culture in the society which was increasing the number of votes in the 2014 election.As a tool of analysis used several theories of political parties and political culture. The concept of institutionalization of political parties as stated by Samuel Huntington, Vicky Randall and Lars Svasand trained in assessing the stratagem of the Party. On the other hand, the theory of political culture initiated by Gabriel Almond and Verba is also particularized to explain a condition of political culture and the local community in this region.This study used a qualitative approach by type of research is descriptive analytic. Data collection is done by in-depth interviews (depth interview) with the DPD Golkar Party II District / City of Serang, scholars, and charismatic leaders in the region of Serang. Examine documentation was also conducted as a data source.The findings of this study came to a conclusion that the Golkar strategy of which is surrounding doctrine value of Golkar, the party cadre formation process and the efforts to respond to the expectations and demands of the constituents, of which the Party won the vote in the region. Though cultural aspect, the Party was using the influence of the ulama / kiai through-among other things, guidance to the Islamic boarding school (Pesantren) and dealings with the Jawara (Local Bossism). All of the points are assumed give a significant influence in society particularly to increase the votes of the elections of 1999 to 2014. This research reaffirms Huntington and Vicky Randall and Lars Svasand on political party institutionalization. Based on the research study, the political culture of society in district and city of Serang is a subjective political culture (kaula) as stated by Almond and Verba., This thesis examines how the ability of the Golkar Party in the District and City of Serang won votes on the elections of 1999 to 2014. The election victory of the Golkar Party in the region rooted in the strength of the structure and the capacity of the Party by using the local political culture. The study was conducted to see a political strategy of Golkar in utilizing local political culture in the society which was increasing the number of votes in the 2014 election.As a tool of analysis used several theories of political parties and political culture. The concept of institutionalization of political parties as stated by Samuel Huntington, Vicky Randall and Lars Svasand trained in assessing the stratagem of the Party. On the other hand, the theory of political culture initiated by Gabriel Almond and Verba is also particularized to explain a condition of political culture and the local community in this region.This study used a qualitative approach by type of research is descriptive analytic. Data collection is done by in-depth interviews (depth interview) with the DPD Golkar Party II District / City of Serang, scholars, and charismatic leaders in the region of Serang. Examine documentation was also conducted as a data source.The findings of this study came to a conclusion that the Golkar strategy of which is surrounding doctrine value of Golkar, the party cadre formation process and the efforts to respond to the expectations and demands of the constituents, of which the Party won the vote in the region. Though cultural aspect, the Party was using the influence of the ulama / kiai through-among other things, guidance to the Islamic boarding school (Pesantren) and dealings with the Jawara (Local Bossism). All of the points are assumed give a significant influence in society particularly to increase the votes of the elections of 1999 to 2014. This research reaffirms Huntington and Vicky Randall and Lars Svasand on political party institutionalization. Based on the research study, the political culture of society in district and city of Serang is a subjective political culture (kaula) as stated by Almond and Verba.]"

"Penelitian ini tentang Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) dengan fokus pada peran Indonesia dalam pembentukan dan pengembangan organisasi regional tersebut sekitar 1965-1967. ASEAN terbentuk pada 1967 di tengah pertentangan antara Blok Barat dan Blok Timur yang memanas. Tujuannya adalah meneiptakan stabilitas regional untuk memajukan taraf hidup bangsa¬bangsa Asia Tenggara yang dititikberatkan pada pembangunan di bidang ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya. Organisasi regional ini terbentuk alas inisiatif dan prakarsa Indonesia di bawah kepemimpinan Soeharto. Dengan mengangkat isu ancaman komunis, usulan kerja sama dari Indonesia ini dapat diterima oleh keempat negara nonkomunis yang pada saat itu merasa khawatir terhadap merebaknya komunis di kawasan Asia Tenggara berdasarkan "Teori Domino".Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif¬intepretatif. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menggambarkan faktor-faktor yang menjadi alasan mengapa Indonesia berperan dalam memprakarsai pembentukan ASEAN berdasarkan data sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang berasal dari sumber tertulis sebelumnya dan tidak merupakan data langsung yang diambil dari lapangan. Untuk memahami kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia dalam memprakarsai terbentuknya ASEAN, balk dari pertimbangan eksternal maupun internal, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sistem (system approach) karena keinginan untuk membentuk ASEAN ini merupakan output dari kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia. Selain itu, akan diperhatikan pula input-input yang menjadi pertimbangan Indonesia dalam memprakarsai pembentukan ASEAN. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjawab permasalahan yang dirumuskan.Hasilnya adalah (1) Indonesia telah berperan kunci dalam pembentukan dan pengembangan ASEAN; (2) Indonesia berkepentingan dengan terbentuknya ASEAN karena Indonesia membutuhkan stabilitas keamanan dan ketahanan nasional dan regional kawasan Asia Tenggara serta kredibilitas kepercayaan negara-negara sekawasan dan negara-negara Barat guna membantu Indonesia dalasn upayanya memperbaiki ekonomi nasional akibat pennasalahan yang ditimbulkan Partai Komunis Indonesia; (3) Faktor yang dominan kepentingan Indonesia dengan terbentuknya ASEAN adalah masalah ekonomi dan kestabilan keamanan nasional dan regional demi pembangunan ekonomi nasional karena Indonesia masa kepemimpinan Socharto menyadari bahwa situasi ekonomi-politik Indonesia dapat dipengaruhi dan mempengaruhi stabilitas keamanan kawasan regional Asia Tenggara.

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ABSTRAKThis thesis discusses the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) and focuses more on the role of Indonesia in the establishment and development of the said regional organization throughout the period of 1965 - 1967. ASEAN was established in 1967 in the midst of the escalating conflict between the West and the East. The establishment of ASEAN was aimed at creating a regional stability to enhance the welfare level of countries within the Southeast Asia region, which was weighed on the development in the sectors of economy, social and culture. This regional organization was established based on the initiative of Indonesia under the leadership of Soeharto. By raising the issue of communist threat, Indonesia's proposal to build cooperation can be accepted by the other four non communist Southeast Asia countries, which were, at the time, worried about the escalation of communist power in Southeast Asian region based on "Domino Theory".The writer of this paper applies qualitative methods, which is descriptive-interpretative in nature. Therefore, the information and arguments in this paper are made based on secondary data. In order to understand the foreign policy of Indonesia in initiating the establishment of ASEAN, either from the angle of external or internal accounts, the writer applies the system approach because the willpower to establish ASEAN is the output of Indonesia's foreign policy. In addition, the writer also gives attention to the inputs which were taken into account by Indonesia in initiating the establishment of ASEAN. The goal of this thesis is to answer the issues raised in this thesisThe findings are (1) Indonesia had played 5. key role in the establishment and development of ASEAN; (2) Indonesia had interests in the establishment of ASEAN because Indonesia needed security stability, national security as well as regional security in Southeast Asia region, and credibility as well as trusts from countries within Southeast Asia region and Western countries, which would help Indonesia's efforts to improve its poor economic condition generated by the Communist Party of Indonesia; (3) The two dominant factors in Indonesia's interests in establishing ASEAN were the economic problem and the national as well as regional security stability for the development of national economy because Indonesia under Soeharto's leadership realized that Indonesia's economic-political condition could be influenced and influence the stability of Southeast Asia's regional security."

"ABSTRAKThis article traces the major contestations that have taken place in Sabah and Sarawak throughout the 54 years of their independence. The two major areas of contestation are state power and local resources, pitting federal leaders against Sabah and Sarawaks elites. These contestations have forced the federal government to accommodate the local elites, thus ensuring the stability of Barisan Nasional (BN) rule in the East Malaysian states. However, Sabah and Sarawak elites are not homogeneous since they have different degrees of power, agendas, and aspirations. These differences have led to open feuds between the elites, resulting in the collapse of political parties and the formation of new political alignments. Over almost four decades, a great majority of the people in Sabah and Sarawak have acceded to BN rule. However, in the last decade there have been pockets of resistance against the authoritarian rule of BN and the local elites. This article argues that without accountability and a system of checks and balances, the demand for more autonomy by the increasingly vocal Sabah and Sarawak elites will benefit only them and not the general public."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang gerakan sosial yang terjadi di Bolivia khususnya yang berkembang dan membesar dari tahun 1985 sampai dengan 2006. Gerakan sosial yang terjadi semakin membesar seiring kebijakan pemerintah sebagai bentuk dari perubahan politik yang terjadi di Bolivia yang dianggap membawa dampak buruk bagi rakyat Bolivia. Pembasmian ladang koka dan kebijakan ekonomi baru melalui privatisasi (air dan hidrokarbon) menjadi faktor yang membuat perlawanan rakyat Bolivia tumbuh dan membesar. Bentuk perlawanan rakyat Bolivia menjadi unik ketika gerakan sosial dapat dikatakan berhasil menjatuhkan kekuasaan yang telah mapan (dalam skripsi mengacu pada neoliberalisme). Proses keberhasilan gerakan sosial akan menjadi tujuan akhir penulis untuk memaparkan sekaligus menjelaskan fenomena yang terjadi di Bolivia. Indikator akhir keberhasilan gerakan sosial tidak terlepas dari peran MAS dan Morales, yang mengambil perubahan politik bergeser ke "kiri" dengan menggunakan teori hegemoni Gramsci.

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This thesis discusses about social movements in Bolivia especially that developed and expand from 1985 to 2006. The social movement that more expand along government policy that perform of political change in Bolivia that assumed bringing a negative impact for the Bolivian. Eradication coca and new economic policy with privatization (water and Hydrocarbon) became a factor that make the struggle of the Bolivian rise and expand. The struggle of people be unique when social movement can be said successfully makes the government power is fallen (in this thesis is focused to neoliberalism). The success of the social movements will be the objectives of the writers to flatten and explain the phenomenon in Bolivia. The success of the social movements indicators can not quit from MAS and Morales, they took political change to the left ideology and Gramscian?s Hegemony theory."