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"This book discusses the foreign relations between Indonesia and Malaysia. The liberty of movement of British armed forces in the Malayan territories is being connived at because, after all, ’’responsibility for security” is officially acknowledged to be in the hands of the British. And that is why the Supreme Command is still in London. The so-called ’’Ministry of Defence of Malaysia” has no significance at all because the relationship between ’’British Forces” in ’’Malaysia” and this ’’ministry” is merely of a consultative nature.Apart from 36 rocket bases and other military installations, Britain has also set up Bloodhound guided missile systems. Military aircraft of the latest designs are being flown to ’’Malaysian” soil. Mention must also be made of the British Fleet in Southeast Asia and part of which has been maneuvring Indonesian waters.Deployment of these forces is being made on the pretext that they are to check ’’infiltration by Indonesian troops” and ”to clean up the communists in the country”.The facts are however that long before Indonesia’s confrontation of ’’Malaysia” was announced. And this ’’Agreement” was merely a slightly improved continuation of the ’’Defence Agreement between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Malayan Federation” concluded on May 27, 1957, and of the ’’Agreement on External Defence and Mutual Assistance” between the same parties.While in such a strong grip of a foreign power Tunku Abdul Rahman boasts that the ’’Malaysia” project is an ’’independent state”. The presense of foreign troops on Malayan soil will obviously mean oppression for as long as 10 centuries for the Malayan people. And the presence of foreign soldiers in the Malayan region will forever pose a permanent threat to the Republic of Indonesia, to the Revolution of the Indonesian People. And more than that the presence of foreign soldiers in the Malayan lands constitutes a constant threat to peace in South-East Asia and to world peace."

"This book about modern British colonization, the British adventure in expanding territory."

"SARS-CoV-2 adalah virus corona baru yang menyebabkan merebaknya pandemi penyakit Covid-19. WHO menyatakan penyakit tersebut sebagai sebagai pandemi pada 11 Maret 2020. Negara Inggris menyikapi pandemi ini dengan kebijakan yang relatif lunak di awal pandemi yaitu dengan kebijakan herd immunity. Namun seiring dengan perkembangan pandemi terjadi perubahan kebijakan ke lockdown dalam penanganan Covid-19 pada tanggal 23 Maret 2020. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan proses perubahan kebijakan pemerintah Inggris dari herd immunity ke kebijakan lockdown serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendorong perubahan kebijakan pemerintah Inggris dalam menangani Covid-19. Metoda penelitian deskriptif digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan data yang didapatkan dari literatur atau referensi terkait penanganan Covid-19 di Inggris selama tahun 2020-2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proses perubahan kebijakan terjadi begitu dinamis dan cepat yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor dari dalam negeri yaitu policy entrepreneur dan political entrepreneur serta faktor dari luar negeri yaitu kasus di negara lain serta masukan dari WHO. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah kebijakan pemerintah dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor dari dalam berupa policy entrepreneur dan political entrepreneur dan faktor dari luar negeri. Keduanya memiliki peranan untuk mempengaruhi pengambil kebijakan (policy maker) dalam menangani permasalahan Covid-19 yang dihadapi negara Inggris.

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SARS-CoV-2 is a new variant of the coronavirus which causes the spreading of the Covid-19 pandemic. WHO stated that this disease was a pandemic on March 11st, 2020. British responded to this pandemic by a relatively unstrict policy which initially was started by herd immunity policy. However, in the process of the pandemic, there were changes of policy into lockdown in dealing with Covid-19 on March 23rd, 2020. This research aims to describe the process of policy changes taken by the British Government concerning herd immunity into lockdown as well as to identify any supporting factors of the changes on British government policies in dealing with Covid-19. A descriptive research method was used to describe the data taken from literature and references related to Covid-19 handling management taken by the British during 2020-2021. Results of the research showed dynamic and speedy changes in the policies which were influenced by endogenous factors namely policy entrepreneur and political entrepreneur as well as any factors from exogenous factors. Both factors serve an important role to influence policymakers in handling the Covid-19 pandemic faced by the British Government.

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