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"The Scottish archaeologist and anthropologist Daniel Wilson (1816–92) spent the latter part of his life in Canada. Published in 1862, this is a seminal work in the study of early man in which Wilson utilises studies of native tribes 'still seen there in a condition which seems to reproduce some of the most familiar phases ascribed to the infancy of the unhistoric world'. He believed that civilisations initially developed in mild climates and judged the Mayans to have been the most advanced civilisation in the New World. Twentieth-century anthropologist Bruce Trigger argued that Wilson 'interpreted evidence about human behaviour in a way that is far more in accord with modern thinking than are the racist views of Darwin and Lubbock', and it is in this light that this two-volume work can be judged. Volume 2 covers topics ranging from ceramic arts to the influence of interbreeding and migration upon civilisations."

"Ritual dan modernitas merupakan dua isu yang akan selalu beririsan. Masyarakat adat disuatu daerah tertentu akan selalu berupaya untuk melestarikan nilai-nilai tradisi yang sudah ada terbentuk turun temurun. Kebudayaan yang selalu berkembang seiring berjalan waktu kemudian menghasilkan atau memperlihatkan proses-proses yang saling berkait meskipun berangkat dari latar belakang yang berbedasatu sama lain. Masyarakat Manggarai merupakan salah satu contoh dari sekian banyak masyarakat yang masih memegang teguh nilai-nilai adat mereka. Pangble yang merupakan istirahat masyarakat lokal yaitu tempat bagi roh-roh yang sudah meninggal dunia yang juga menempati dunia yang sama namun berbeda bentuk. Berangkat dari kepercayaan tersebut, hampir semua ritual adat akan selalu berporos pada roh nenek moyang yang dijadikan perantara doa untuk Mori Kraeng (Tuhan), salah satunya yaitu Ritual Kepok. Isu modernitas yang akan dibahas kemudian erat kaitannya dengan proses politik elektoral. PILKADA merupakan sebuah proses pemilihan pemimpin di suatu daerah (provinsi). PILKADA yang merupakan buah dari sistem politik demokrasi dianggap asing bagi Masyarakat Manggarai. Tulisan ini ingin memaparkan sebuah analisis deskripsi terkait proses masa kampanye PILKADA NTT 2018 dari salah satu calon yaitu Benny K. Harman dengan Ritual Kepok menjadi mediator. Penggunaan Ritual Kepok dalam konteks politik elektoral kemudian menjadi menarik karena Ritual Kepok yang awalnya sebagai ritual penerima tamu kemudian diterapkan dalam proses masa kampanye.

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Ritual and modernity will always intersect with each other. Indigenous people ini certain regions will always try to preserve traditional values that have been formed for generations. Culture always develops over time, then produces interrelated processes with itself even though it's departing from different backgrounds from one another. The Manggarai society is one example of many societies that still uphold their customary values. Pangble which is the term of the local society, known as a place for spirits who have died, but also occupy the same world with the living, but in different forms or dimensions. Departing from this belief, almost all customary rituals will always pivot on the spirits of the ancestors who were used as intermediaries in prayer ti Mori Kraeng (God), one of the rituals is the Kepok Ritual. The issue of modernity which will be discussed later is closely related to the electoral political process. PILKADA is a process of electing leader in province areas, which is a form of the democratic political system that the Manggarai Society considers foreign. This paper wishes to present a description analysis related the process of the 2018 NTT Tegional Election Campaign from one of the candidates, Benny K. Harman with the Kepok Ritual as the mediator. The use of the Kepok Ritual in the context of electoral politics then became intresting because the Kepok RItual which was originally a reception ritual was then applied in the process of the campaign period."