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"ABSTRACTThis paper is an attempt to theorize a conceptual framework for Korean English education in response to the contextual need that South Koreans are facing in the age of neoliberal globalization. As an impact of globalization, the influx of foreign people and cultures has made South Korea a growing multicultural society. However, Koreas response to globalization does not reflect the multicultural aspect of its local context, considering the nationality and ethnicity of foreign residents in South Korea. By critically examining multicultural practices in Korean society portrayed in the media and in English pedagogy, which emphasizes linguistic competence and Western superiority in the name of achieving global leadership, this paper provides a critical multicultural insight that can help reshape educational goals for Korean English education. This paper highlights the importance of raising a socially just global consciousness for Koreans by incorporating critical multiculturalism into English education. Practical pedagogical implications for English teachers will also be drawn."

"Contributed articles presented at the International Seminar on "Composite Culture in a Multicultural Society" organized by the National Book Trust in 2006; with special reference to India."

"Konflik Suku, Ras, Agama, dan Antargolongan (SARA) yang timbul di Indonesia sering disebabkan oleh masalah intoleransi multikulturalisme. Faktor yang mungkin berelasi dengan sikap ini adalah Openness to experience yang berkorelasi dengan variabel yang mengatur sikap penerimaan multikulturalisme. Hubungan ini diteliti dengan tujuan mencari korelasi antara trait kepribadian Openness to experience dengan sikap penerimaan multikulturalisme. Penelitian dilakukan pada 46 laki-laki dan 115 perempuan dengan kriteria mahasiswa yang sedang menempuh pendidikan sarjana, berusia 18-24 tahun dan tinggal di Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi). Ditemukan korelasi positif yang menegaskan hubungan antara kedua variabel. Implikasi penelitian adalah pemahaman lebih mengenai hubungan Openness to experience dan sikap penerimaan multikulturalisme di Indonesia.

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Conflicts stemming from differences in ethnicity, race, religion, and intergroup conflict (SARA) that arise in Indonesia are often caused by the intolerance of multiculturalism. A factor that may be related to this attitude is Openness to experience, which is correlated with the variables that govern an individual’s attitude regarding multiculturalism. Research investigating this relationship employed a sample of 162 undergraduate students aged 18- 24 years and who are living in Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi). A positive correlation between Openness to Experience and Multicultural attitudes was found, which confirms the relationship between the two variables. The implication of this research is a better understanding of the relationship between Openness to experience and multicultural attitudes in Indonesia."

"What does it mean to be a citizen in a multicultural society? And what role must patriotism play in defining our relationship with our country and fellow citizens? In The Virtuous Citizen Tim Soutphommasane answers these questions with a critical defence of liberal nationalism. Considering a range of contemporary political debates from Europe, North America and Australia, over issues including multiculturalism, national history, civic education and immigration, Soutphommasane argues that a love of country should be valued alongside tolerance, mutual respect and public reasonableness as a civic virtue. A liberal form of patriotism, grounded in national identity, is if anything essential to a successful polity in a diverse society. This book is required reading not only for political theorists and philosophers but also researchers and professionals in political science, sociology, history and public policy."

"Penelitian tentang masalah masyarakat multikultural di Indonesia, khususnya di kota Jakarta, masih sedikit jumlahnya. Di lain pihak, masyarakat kota Jakarta saat ini telah berkembang menjadi masyarakat multikultural yang terdiri atas beragam kelompok etnis dan agama. Perbedaan budaya tersebut, bila ditangani dengan kebijakan yang tepat, maka akan menciptakan kehidupan sosial yang harmonis serta menumbuhkembangkan nilai berdemokrasi. Sebaliknya, kebijakan pemerintah (penguasa) yang tidak tepat dalam menangani keragaman akan melahirkan konflik sosial yang akan mengancam peradaban manusia. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam tesis ini adalah bagaimana relasi hubungan sosial antar keragaman etnis dan agama di Jakarta? Lebih lanjut lagi, kebijakan apa yang telah diambil oleh Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta dalam menangani adanya keragaman budaya tersebut?Penelitian ini terfokus pada kebijakan Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta dalam menangani perrnasalahan yang muncul dari keberadaan masyarakat multikultural di Jakarta antara tahun 1998 sampai 2005, karena pada masa ini tingkat kesadaran etnis dan simbol-simbol keagamaan menjadi lebih terbuka, seiring dengan gerakan reformasi dan demokratisasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara, studi pustaka dan pengumpulan data-data yang kemudian dianalisis.Dari analisis tersebut penulis menemukan adanya keragaman warga Jakarta telah terjalin hubungan relasi yang baik. Kebijakan Pemprov DKI Jakarta juga telah mengarah pada kerukunan etnis dan agama di Jakarta. Namun nilai-nilai yang mengatur adanya keragaman itu, masih belum terinternalisasi dalam kehidupan sosial, sehingga Jakarta masih rawan konflik sosial manakala ada faktor pemicunya.Untuk meneliti masalah tersebut, penulis menggunakan teori politik multikulutral yang digagas oleh Will Kymlicka yang menekankan pentingnya peranan pemerintah dalam menangani adanya perbedaan kelompok masyarakat atas dasar etnis dan agama. Selain itu, teori Harold R. Ishak juga digunakan yang mengisyaratkan bahaya sentimen kelompok etnis bila tidak diantisipasi dengan tepat.

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Research on problems of multicultural society in Indonesia, in Jakarta particularly, is still rare in quantity. On the other hand, Jakarta's community at the moment is expanding to be a multicultural society of various ethnic and religious groups. This cultural difference, when managed with proper and accurate policy will be able to create a harmonious social life and develop a democratic value. On the other hand, a mishap on government policy in dealing with multiculturalism will result in social conflict, which can endanger human civilization.Problem posed in this thesis is how the social relationship between various ethnic and religious groups established in Jakarta? Furthermore, what policy the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta in dealing has taken with this cultural diversity? This research focused on the 1998-2005 policy of the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta in dealing with problems resulted from the existence of multicultural society in Jakarta. In this period of time, the ethnic consciousness and the usage of religious symbols become more visible, in parallel with the reform movement and democratization. This research used interview technique, library research and collecting data, which were analyzed later on.The analysis resulted that the existence of good relationship between diverse groups. The Provincial Government's policy also has able to create a framework for ethnical and religious peace in Jakarta. However, the values underlying this diversity have not internalized within the social life of Jakarta's society and hence Jakarta is still fragile in anticipating emerging social conflict whenever a trigger factor occurs.The theory used to analyze this research problem was the multicultural politics theory posed by Will Kymlicka, which stressed the importance of government's role in dealing with society's diversity in ethnic and religion. Another theory used in this thesis is a theory posed by Harold R. Ishak, which warn the danger of ethnic groups stereotypes if not address properly."

"Kondisi niscaya multikultural masyarakat mendorong usaha rekonseptualisasi kewarganegaraan berbasis negara-bangsa. Kewarganegaraan berbasis negara-bangsa memiliki ketidaksesuaian dengan gerakan multikulturalisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendorong usaha rekonseptualisasi kewarganegaraan dalam rangka menyinkronkan kondisi masyarakat multikultural dan tantangan multikulturalisme dengan negara-bangsa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif. Dengan pendekatan tersebut, digunakan beberapa sumber pustaka yang dianggap relevan. Informasi yang terkumpul kemudian diolah kembali melalui interpretasi yang berfokus pada pembuktian urgensi rekonseptualisasi kewarganegaraan baru sebagai usaha penyesuaian ulang dengan kondisi masyarakat multikultural dalam rangka pencapaian kompromi sosial di masyarakat. Melalui interpretasi terhadap pemikiran konsep multikulturalisme Kymlicka serta adopsi semangat gerakan kosmopolitanisme, peneliti melakukan pembuktian urgensi rekonseptualisasi kewarganegaraan baru sebagai usaha penyesuaian ulang dengan kondisi masyarakat multikultural dalam rangka pencapaian kompromi sosial di masyarakat. Kehidupan bersama masyarakat yang setara hanya dapat dicapai apabila terjadi rekognisi keanekaragaman kebudayaan masyarakat secara setara serta konstruksi solidaritas masyarakat yang bersifat inklusif melalui sebuah usaha penyesuaian ulang secara konseptual.

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The multicultural conditions of societies encourage efforts to reconceptualize nation-based citizenship, which is incompatible with the movement of multiculturalism. This research aims to encourage efforts to reconceptualize citizenship in order to synchronize the conditions of multicultural societies and the challenges of multiculturalism with nations. The method used in this research is the qualitative method. With this approach, it uses several library sources that it considers relevant. The information collected is then re-processed through an interpretation that focuses on proof of the urgency of reconceptualization of new citizenship as an attempt to re-adjust to the conditions of a multicultural society in order to a social compromise in society. Through interpretation of the thinking of the concept of multiculturalism Kymlicka as well as the adoption of the spirit of the movement of cosmopolitanism, the researchers carry out proofs of the urgence of reconception of a new citizenry as a attempt of re-adaption to the circumstances of a multicultural society with a view to achieving social compromises in the society. An equal coexistence can only be achieved by recognizing the cultural diversity of equal communities and building a social solidarity of an inclusive nature through an attempt to reconcile conceptually."