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"ABSTRAKIndonesia still relies heavily on energy derived from fossil fuels, especially petroleum and coal. The large share of fossil energy in the national energy mix can have a negative impact on national development, as it increases the dependence of national energy supplies from imports and increases in green house gas emissions, carbon dioxide. The Government of Indonesia has issued a national energy policy whose goal is to achieve an optimal national energy mix, which is to reduce the share of fossil fuels and icrease the use of renewable energy and can use it to replace fossil fuels. However, the development and utilization of biomass as an energy source is still very small compared to its potentioal. Biomass energy development policy has begun to receive attention from the government, although it is still focused on the development policy has begun to receive attention from the government, although it is still focused on the development and use of liquid biofuels, especially palm oil-based biodiesel. There is no clear policy to support the development and utilization of solid biomass to meet national energy needs. Meanwhile, foreign countries, Korea for example, have developed a strategy to utilize Indonesia's biomass as fuel for their power plants. As a country with huge biomass potential, it is ironic that Inodnesia has not used biomass as a source of energy to support development, while other countries use it. This paper aims to provide policy recommendations for developing biomass energy, both in terms of production capacity and demand for use in the country."

"This paper attempts to discuss the resurgence of the state as an important actor in dealing with energy crisis. The short fall of oil supply and the steady increase of oil consumption in the past few years - which resulted in sharp increase of oil prices - have rendered the state responsible for formulating and implementing energy policies to ensure national security. The discussion will be divided into three main sections. The first section will analyze the resurgence of states as prime actor in international relations. After being sidelined for sometime (due to the transformation of international issues from traditional strategic-military concern into economic and humanitarian concern), the state regained currency in the wake of terrorist and energy threats. The second section will discuss the current energy security problem and how it affects nation-states. The final section will analyze U.S. response to current energy crisis. Attention will be put on how U.S. government produce and implement energy policies to ensure its national security."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang Gasifikasi Batubara sebagai sumber energi baru dalam diversifikasi atau Bauran Energi Nasional di Indonesia. Industri maupun teknologi Gasifikasi Batubara belumlah terkenal, padahal penggunaan teknologi tersebut sudah marak di negara lain. Gasifikasi batubara dilansir memiliki prospek yang bagus dalam memberikan solusi atas pemenuhan energi namun tetap memperhatikan prinsip pembangunan berkelanjutan berwawasan lingkungan. Tujuan dari pembuatan Skripsi ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana industri Gasifikasi Batubara di Indonesia dan di dunia. Selain itu Skripsi ini juga membahas bagaimana hukum Indonesia mengatur mengenai Gasifikasi Batubara sebagai teknologi dan industri dan bagaimana prospek Gasifikasi Batubara sebagai alternatif Energi Baru ditinjau dari pengaturan dan kebijakan Diversifikasi atau Bauran Energi Nasional. Skripsi ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dan penelitian ini bersifat Metodologis, Sistematis yaitu penelitian yang menganalisa dan menggunakan bahan-bahan kepustakaan sebagai data primer. Skripsi ini menemukan bahwa teknologi gasifikasi batubara merupakan salah satu sumber energi yang sedang dipersiapkan untuk menjadi alternatif energi baru dalam diversifikasi energi di Indonesia. Kendala yang ditemui adalah salah satunya, hukum Indonesia belum mengatur secara khusus mengenai Gasifikasi batubara ini, dan prospek gasifikasi batubara yang sangat baik di Indonesia, mengingat teknologi gasifikasi batubara yang relatif ramah lingkungan dapat menjadi solusi dalam pemanfaatan sumberdaya batubara di Indonesia yang melimpah.

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This thesis discusses about coal gasification as an Alternative Energy in Indonesia National Energy Diversification. Coal Gasification uses tend to be less known in Indonesia, both in industrial and technology sector compared to other countries. Coal gasification is highly potential to bring solution on energy issues that have arisen in Indonesia, including to meet energy end based in sustainable development principle.the purpose of this research is to find out about coal gasification industry and technology nowadays both in Indonesia and other countries, how law in Indonesia regulate Coal Gasification in industry and technology sector, as well as the prospects and potentials of Coal Gasification as an alternative energy in Indonesia National Energy Diversification to bring cleaner air while meeting the energy end. This research uses normative method and is descriptive analytical research, which analyses and uses literature as primary data. This thesis has found that coal gasification technology is being prepared to be an alternative energy in Indonesia Energy Diversification considering its relatively environment friendly technlogy, and positively can be a solution in the utilization of abundant low ranked coal resources in Indonesia."

"Dunia industri dan usaha di Indonesia telah berada dalam situasi ekonomi yang sulit karena dampak dari krisis moneter pada beberapa tahun belakangan ini. Sebuah manajemen energi yang baik sangat dibutuhkan oleh setiap perusahaan dalam menghadapi problem biaya operasional dan pengambilan keputusan jangka panjang.Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara pengamatan dan pengukuran mengenenai koordinasi antara dua tipe sumber pembangkit dan kebutuhan beban di sebuah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang penyiaran dengan keterangan yang diperoleh dari bebagai sumber. Hasil pengolahan data didapatkan beberapa macam kemungkinan kombinasi dua pembangkit untuk berbagai macam kondisi di lapangan yang berhubungan dengan proses produksi. Semua kemungkinan tersebut telah diperhitungkan terhadap seluruh biaya investasi dan operasional selama tahun 2007 sehingga dapat ditentukan bagaimana cara pengoperasian dan kontrol yang baik agar energi listrik dapat dimanfaatkan seoptimal mungkin.Hasil pengolahan data dan perhitungan diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi pada pihak perusahaan berupa beberapa simulasi kemungkinan penggunaan dua tipe sumber pembangkit dan bagaimana sistem operasi dan kontrol daya untuk melakukan kombinasi tersebut. Hasil akhir dari perhitungan didapatkan kombinasi biaya Rp. / kWh yang paling murah yaitu : PLN 100 % dan 4 unit UPS terhadap kapasitas maksimalnya.

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Industry and business in Indonesia have been under difficult economic situation caused by monetary crisis in the last few year. A good energy management plays important rule for every major company in solving most problems about the operational cost and long term investment.

Research and data were done by doing some observation and surveys about the coordination between two type of power sources and the quantity of load demand in a broadcasting company and also including some interviews from different resources. The result of data calculation gives several combinations of two type of power supplies for several condition on the fields, which have relation with the production process. All probabilities have been considered to the whole company's investment and operational cost in 2007 in order to know which kind of operation and control is the best solution, so that the electrical supply can be utilized most optimally.

The result from data analysis and calculations expected to give a contribution to the company with some simulations and combination probabilities using two type of power sources. The final calculation shows the cheapest cost combination Rp. /kWh for : PLN 100 % and 4 units UPS, each from its own maximum capacity."