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"Over the past two decades, labor unions in the United States have experienced a profound crisis. In spite of spending hundreds of millions of dollars on new organizing campaigns, unions have not won a major victory since 1995, and membership rates have steadily plunged. Meanwhile, corporate power has strengthened its grip, making the strength of unions more relevant than ever. What is the reason behind the downfall of the unions, and what can be done about it? No Shortcuts examines the ways in which unions can reverse their recent decline, arguing that despite todays extremely hostile environment, unions could win much more if they changed their organizing strategies. Through case study analysis, the book demonstrates that different organizing strategies produce different outcomes representing different levels of success, and that the reason for the decline in union victories lies not in the growing power of employers, but rather in the ways in which unions organize both members and nonmembers. Once, the workers themselves were the focus of union organizing, but organizers in the new millennium have spent most of their energy on corporate campaigns intended to weaken employer opposition to unions-making the employers, not the workers, the new center of the movement. No Shortcuts concludes that reversing todays inequality will require a robust embrace of unions-but of unions that are democratic and focused on bottom-up rather than top-down strategies, that place the agency for change in workers acting collectively both at work and in the communities in which they reside. Finally, the books analysis, although focused on the organization of strong unions, has the broadest possible application: the organization of a just society."

"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai tuntutan yang diberikan oleh Gerakan Sosial Black Lives Matter di Amerika Serikat terhadap Kebijakan Sistem Peradilan Pidana dan Kepolisian yang lebih adil terhadap kaum minoritas, yakni African American. Kemunculan Gerakan Sosial Black Lives Matter di Amerika Serikat adalah bentuk respon dari ketidaksetaraan rasial yang masih melekat dalam kehidupan sosial, khususnya dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana di Amerika Serikat. Oleh sebab itu, gerakan sosial ini akhirnya mengalami kemunculannya pada tahun 2013, serta memberikan tuntutan berupa aksi-aksi serta Platform Kebijakan yang dibentuk pada tahun 2016. Dalam prinsip kesetaraan yang dimiliki, aksi tuntutan serta platform kebijakan yang dibuat oleh Black Lives Matter pun lebih mengacu terhadap kesetaraan ras dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana. Serta pada akhirnya, penelitian ini juga memberikan kontekstualisasi demokrasi pluralisme mengenai dampak terhadap beberapa perubahan Sistem Peradilan Pidana dan Kepolisian yang bertahap dipengaruhi oleh Gerakan Black Lives Matter sejak kemunculan aksi serta Platform Kebijakan tahun 2016 tersebut.

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This thesis discusses the demands provided by a Social Movement called Black Lives Matter against Criminal Justice and Police System Policy in the United States. This demands require a Criminal Justice Policy that prioritizes equality towards minorities, particularly for African-Americans. The emergence of Black Lives Matter Movement in United States is a response to racial inequalities that still inherent within social life in general, especially in the Criminal Justice System in the United States. Therefore, this Social Movement finally emerged in 2013, and provided such demands in the form of actions and Policy Platform established in 2016. In principle of equality owned by this movement, the action demands and Policy Platform created by Black Lives Matter were referring to more racial equality in the Criminal Justice System. In the end, this research also provides contextualization of pluralism democracy on the impact of several changes in the Criminal Justice and Police System which are gradually affected by the Black Lives Matter Movement since their appearance of the action and Policy Platform in 2016. "