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"This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Symposium on Bioinformatics Research and Applications, ISBRA 2012, held in Dallas, Texas, USA, in May 2012. The 26 revised full papers presented together with five invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 66 submissions. The papers address issues on various aspects of bioinformatics and computational biology and their applications."

"The challenge remains to find the proper combination of these techniques in view of their respective potential, limitations, and costs, in order to pick up the right compounds quickly while keeping the risk of eliminating ‘good’ candidates as low as possible. Potential and limitations of a number of approaches to get early information on solubility and permeability, the main factors governing absorption via passive diffusion, will be discussed with practical examples.It aims at offering longlasting knowledge and stimulating food for thought. This is why its three main parts (biological, physicochemical, and computational strategies) are accompanied by two chapters which set the scene, four others which review the molecular and biological background of pharmacokinetic lead optimization, and finally two which conclude the book. "

"The profiling of ADME properties (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) is the topic of this book. In this unique work, international authorities and practicing experts from academia and industry offer state-of-the-art presentations of concepts, methods and technologies now in use or development in drug research. The biological strategies emphasized in the book include cell cultures, drug-metabolizing enzymes, transporters and plasma protein binding. The physicochemical strategies focus on artificial membrane-permeability assays, on solubility and lipophilicity and related molecular properties as factors and predictors of pharmacokinetic behavior, and on stability and solid-state properties. Computational strategies comprize the exploration of property spaces, pharmacophore searching to predict biotransformation and enzyme inhibition, and expert systems to process biopharmaceutical profiling data."

"This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Research in Computational Molecular Biology, RECOMB 2012, held in Barcelona, Spain, in April 2012. The 31 revised full papers presented together with 5 keynote lectures were carefully reviewed and selected from 200 submissions. The papers feature current research in all areas of computational molecular biology, including, molecular sequence analysis, recognition of genes and regulatory elements, molecular evolution, protein structure, structural genomics, analysis of gene expression, biological networks, sequencing and genotyping technologies, drug design, probabilistic and combinatorial algorithms, systems biology, computational proteomics, structural and functional genomics, and information systems for computational biology and imaging."

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Portsmouth Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and morbidity (P-POSSUM) merupakan sistem skoring yang memprediksi morbiditas dan mortalitas berdasarkan 12 parameter fisiologis dan 6 parameter pembedahan. American Society of Anesthesiologist’s Physical Status (ASA-PS), yang terdiri dari 6 tingkatan, adalah skoring prediksi risiko pembedahan yang pertama kali dikembangkan dan paling sering digunakan saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai apakah kemampuan prediksi in-hospital mortality skoring P-POSSUM lebih baik dibanding skoring ASA-PS. Penelitian kohort retrospektif di RSCM selama bulan Mei-Juli 2018. Sebanyak 230 rekam medis diambil sesuai pasien yang menjalani laparotomi emergensi pada periode 1 Januari 2016-31 Desember 2017. Penilaian status ASA dicatat sesuai rekam medis dan dilakukan penilaian P-POSSUM. Analisis data dilakukan dengan komparatif Area Under the Curve (AUC), Hosmer Lemeshow goodness of fit dan multivariat regresi logistik. Angka in-hospital mortality pasien pascalaparotomi emergensi periode Januari 2016-Desember 2017 adalah sebesar 21,3%. Nilai kalibrasi ASA-PS lebih baik dibanding dengan P-POSSUM (p 0,072 vs 0,043). Nilai diskriminasi P-POSSUM lebih baik dibanding dengan ASA-PS (AUC 87,9% vs 76,2%). Komponen P-POSSUM yang paling berhubungan dengan in-hospital mortality adalah usia, riwayat gangguan napas, GCS, hemoglobin, natrium, kontaminasi intraperitoneal dan EKG. Skor P-POSSUM lebih baik dibanding ASA-PS dalam memprediksi in-hospital mortality pasien pascalaparotomi emergensi.

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Portsmouth Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and morbidity (P-POSSUM) is a scoring system which predicts morbidity and mortality based on 12 physiologic and 6 operative parameters. American Society of Anesthesiologist’s Physical Status (ASA-PS), consists of 6 categories, is the first scoring system predicting risk preoperatively and mostly use to this date. Our goals are to evaluate and compare the ability of these two scores in predicting mortality. This is a retrospective cohort taken place in RSCM within May to July 2018. There was 230 medical records taken as samples based on patient who underwent emergency laparotomy within period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2017. ASA physical status was recorded and P-POSSUM score was assessed. Data were analyzed to compare Area Under the Curve (AUC), Hosmer Lemeshow goodness of fit and multivariate of logistic regression. In-hospital mortality of patient undergoing emergency laparotomy within period January 2016 to December 2017 is 21.3%.  Calibration performance of ASA-PS is better than P-POSSUM (p 0,072 vs 0,043). Discrimination performance of P-POSSUM is better than ASA-PS (AUC 87,9% vs 76,2%). Parameters of P-POSSUM, which most related with in-hospital mortality, are age, respiratory disorder, GCS, hemoglobin, sodium, intraperitoneal contamination and ECG. P-POSSUM is better than ASA-PS in predicting in-hospital mortality of patient undergoing emergency laparotomy.

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