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" Global economic crisis and the implications of global environmental change have led academics and policy-makers to consider how 'development' in all parts of the world should be achieved. However, 'development' has always been a contested idea. While often presented as a positive process to improve people's lives, the potential negative dimensions of 'development' for people and environments must also be recognized. --Theories and Practices of Development provides a clear and user-friendly introduction to the complex debates around how development has been understood and achieved. The second edition has been fully updated and expanded to reflect global political and economic shifts, as well as new approaches to development. The rise of China and India is given particular attention, as is the global economic crisis and its implications for development theories and practice. There are new sections on faith-based development, and the development dimensions of climate change, as well as greater engagement with development theories as they are put into practice in the Global North. --The book deals with the evolution of development ideas and policies, focusing on economic, political, social, environmental and spatial dimensions. It highlights how development cannot be considered as a neutral concept, but is entwined with inequalities in power at local, as well as national and global scales. The use of boxed examples, tables and illustrations helps students understand complex theoretical ideas and also demonstrates how development theories are put into practice in the real world. Each chapter ends with a summary section, discussion topics, suggestions for further reading and website resources"

"MDGs merupakan suatu bentuk rezim internasional dalam pembangunan kesejahteraan global yang ditandatangani di tahun 2000. Fokus utama dari MDGs adalah untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan global di tahun 2015 - termasuk penurunan kemiskinan, peningkatan kesehatan, dan isu sosial lainnya. Namun, dalam upaya pencapaian MDGs di Indonesia menemui berbagai tantangan diantaranya tingginya jumlah dan pertumbuhan penduduk, rendahnya tingkat dan akses kesehatan, dan kelembagaan. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada tantangan kelembagaan yang menyebabkan gagalnya pencapaian MDGs tujuan 5A (menurunkan angka kematian ibu) di Indonesia pada tahun 2007 - 2010, belum selarasnya interaksi kepentingan antar aktor Triple Helix yaitu pemerintah, dunia bisnis dan akademisi, sehingga sulit untuk membangun modal sosial. Perbedaan pemahaman dari ketiga pihak dalam konsep triple helix jelas tampak terjadi dan berdampak negatif terhadap upaya-upaya pencapaian MDGs tujuan 5A, karena kepentingan masing-masing pihak untuk mencapai tujuannya masih terasa kental. Kepercayaan, hubungan timbal balik, serta pelibatan partisipasi aktif pihak diluar pemerintah menjadi faktor yang sangat penting untuk membangun modal sosial tersebut. Suatu rezim internasional tidak dapat berjalan sebagaimana mestinya jika hanya dilakukan dengan melibatkan unsur pemerintah dari negara-negara peserta rezim tersebut. Perlu adanya keterlibatan partisipasi publik di negara-negara peserta secara luas.

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MDGs is a form of international regime of global prosperity development, signed by 189 states on year 2000. The main focus of the MDGs is to increase global welfare in 2015, such as poverty reduction, health improvement, and other social issues. However, in the process of achieving MDGs in Indonesia it meets various challenges ? including the high number and population growth, low quality level of health and disparity of access to healthcare, and institutional.

This thesis focuses on the institutional challenges that led to the failure of achieving MDGs goal 5A (reducing maternal mortality) in Indonesia on 2007 to 2010. The relations between Triple Helix?s actors (government, business, and academia) hasn't reached into harmonizing point because of clash of interest between actors, which it makes difficult to build a social capital. Different understanding of the Triple Helix's actors obviously occur and negatively impact the efforts to achieve the MDGs goals 5A, because the interests of each actor to achieve its own interests are still still strong.

Trust, reciprocity, and participation from outside of government become a very important factor for building social capital. An international regime can not work properly if it is only done with the involvement of government, instead it needs the involvement of public participation in the participating countries to achieve the goals of an international regime."

"Pengembangan sumber daya manusia juga menjadi salah satu target Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) untuk tahun 2030, dimana berbagai indikator dalam SDG meliputi berbagai elemen yang terkait dengan kualitas sumber daya manusia seperti pendidikan, kesehatan, kemiskinan, dll. Peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia secara nasional dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan pembangunan di daerah dengan harapan kualitas sumber daya manusia juga akan mengalami perkembangan apabila terdapat pembangunan yang dapat menunjang hal tersebut, salah satu sumber finansial yang bisa memberikan dampak pada pembangunan di daerah adalah investasi baik investasi publik yang dilakukan pemerintah maupun Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi serta mengukur pengaruh Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) dan investasi pemerintah pada sektor pendidikan-kesehatan terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia provinsi di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode Fixed Effects serta data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) dan CEIC Data tahun 2010-2020, hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa kenaikan FDI memiliki dampak positif terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia provinsi tetapi tidak signifikan sedangkan kenaikan investasi pemerintah pada sektor pendidikan dan kesehatan memiliki dampak positif yang signifikan terhadap indeks pembangunan manusia provinsi.

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Human resource development is also one of the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for 2030, where various indicators in the SDGs include various elements related to the quality of human resources such as education, health, poverty, etc. Improving the quality of human resources nationally can be done by carrying out development in the regions with the hope that the quality of human resources will also develop, one of the financial sources that can have an impact on development in the region is investment, both public investment by the government and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). This study aims to identify and measure the effect of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and government investment in the health-education sector on the provincial human development index in Indonesia. Using the Fixed Effects method and data from the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) and CEIC Data for the years 2010-2020, the estimation results show that the increase in FDI has a positive impact on the provincial human development index but is not significant, while the increase in government investment in the education and health sectors has a significant positive impact on the province's human development index."