Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Hasil Pencarian

Ditemukan 2181 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
cover
Could it be HIV? : the clinical recognition of HIV infection/ Edited by: Graeme Stewart
North Sydney: Australasian Medical Publ., 1994
616.97 COU (2)
Buku Teks  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Preventing HIV infection among injecting drug users in high-risk countries : an assessment of the evidence
Washington, D.C.: The National Academic Press, 2007
616.979 2 PRE
Buku Teks  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Suzy Maria
Proporsi keberhasilan virologis dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan pada reintroduksi terapi antiretroviral lini pertama pasca interupsi tidak terencana pada pasien HIV = Proportion of virological success and its associated factors in first line antiretroviral reintroduction after unplanned interruption in HIV patients
"ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Hingga saat ini belum ada panduan mengenai paduan terapi
antiretroviral (antiretroviral therapy/ART) terpilih pada pasien HIV dewasa
dengan riwayat interupsi tidak terencana. Kondisi pasien pada saat reintroduksi
ART perlu dievaluasi sebagai dasar pemilihan paduan ART
Tujuan: Mengetahui proporsi keberhasilan virologis pada reintroduksi ART lini
pertama pasca interupsi tidak terencana. Mengetahui hubungan antara berbagai
faktor klinis dan laboratoris dengan keberhasilan virologis pada reintroduksi
tersebut.
Metode: Penelitian kohort retrospektif dilakukan pada pasien HIV yang
mendapatkan reintroduksi ART lini pertama pasca interupsi tidak terencana
selama minimal 1 bulan. Data didapatkan dari rekam medis RS dr. Cipto
Mangunkusumo di Jakarta. Viral load (VL) dinilai 6-18 bulan setelah reintroduksi
ART lini pertama, dinyatakan berhasil bila VL <400 kopi/ml. Dilakukan analisis
terhadap faktor yang berhubungan dengan keberhasilan virologis tersebut.
Hasil: Selama periode Januari 2005 s.d. Desember 2014 terdapat 100 subjek yang
mendapatkan reintroduksi ART lini pertama dan memiliki data viral load 6-18
bulan pasca reintroduksi. Pasca reintroduksi ART didapatkan keberhasilan
virologis pada 55 (55%) subjek. Pada analisis didapatkan dua faktor yang
berhubungan dengan keberhasilan virologis pada reintroduksi ART lini pertama,
yaitu frekuensi interupsi satu kali (adjusted OR/aOR 5,51; IK95% 1,82-16,68;
p=0,003), nilai CD4 saat reintroduksi ≥200 sel/mm
xi
3
(aOR 4,33; IK95% 1,1416,39,
p=0,031).
Simpulan:
Proporsi keberhasilan virologis pada reintroduksi ART lini pertama
pasca interupsi tidak terencana adalah 55%. Pasien dengan frekuensi interupsi 1
kali dan pasien dengan nilai CD4 saat reintroduksi ≥200 sel/mm
3
memiliki kecenderungan untuk mencapai keberhasilan virologis pada reintroduksi ART.
ABSTRACT
There is no guideline concerning antiretroviral therapy (ART) of
choice for adult HIV patients after unplanned interruption. Hence, patients?
conditions at time of ART reintroduction need to be evaluated as a basis for
selecting ART regiment.
Objectives: To know the proportion of virological success of first line ART
reintroduction after unplanned interruption. To know the association between
either clinical or laboratory factors and virological success in reintroduction.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in HIV patients that were
reintroduced to first line ART after having unplanned interruption for at least one
month period. The data were collected from medical records of Dr. Cipto
Mangunkusumo Hospital in Jakarta. Viral load (VL) was evaluated at 6-18
months after first line ART reintroduction, declared as a success if VL <400
copies/mL. Analysis was done to factors associated with such virological success.
Results: Between January 2005 and December 2014, 100 subjects were
reintroduced to first line ART and having VL data in 6 to 18 months after the
reintroduction. Virological success was achieved in 55 (55%) subjects. In the
analysis we found that virological success was associated with interrupted once
(adjusted OR/aOR 5.51%, 95%CI 1.82-16.68, p=0.003) and CD4 ≥200 cell/mm
xii
Universitas Indonesia
3
at the time of reintroduction (aOR 4.33, 95%CI 1.14-16.39, p=0.031).
Conclusions: Proportion of virological success on first line ART reintroduction
after unplanned interruption was 55%. Patients who were having interrupted once
and patients with CD4 ≥200 cell/mm
3
at the time of reintroduction would have
higher odds of virological success on first line ART reintroduction.
;Background: There is no guideline concerning antiretroviral therapy (ART) of
choice for adult HIV patients after unplanned interruption. Hence, patients?
conditions at time of ART reintroduction need to be evaluated as a basis for
selecting ART regiment.
Objectives: To know the proportion of virological success of first line ART
reintroduction after unplanned interruption. To know the association between
either clinical or laboratory factors and virological success in reintroduction.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in HIV patients that were
reintroduced to first line ART after having unplanned interruption for at least one
month period. The data were collected from medical records of Dr. Cipto
Mangunkusumo Hospital in Jakarta. Viral load (VL) was evaluated at 6-18
months after first line ART reintroduction, declared as a success if VL <400
copies/mL. Analysis was done to factors associated with such virological success.
Results: Between January 2005 and December 2014, 100 subjects were
reintroduced to first line ART and having VL data in 6 to 18 months after the
reintroduction. Virological success was achieved in 55 (55%) subjects. In the
analysis we found that virological success was associated with interrupted once
(adjusted OR/aOR 5.51%, 95%CI 1.82-16.68, p=0.003) and CD4 ≥200 cell/mm
xii
Universitas Indonesia
3
at the time of reintroduction (aOR 4.33, 95%CI 1.14-16.39, p=0.031).
Conclusions: Proportion of virological success on first line ART reintroduction
after unplanned interruption was 55%. Patients who were having interrupted once
and patients with CD4 ≥200 cell/mm
3
at the time of reintroduction would have
higher odds of virological success on first line ART reintroduction.
;Background: There is no guideline concerning antiretroviral therapy (ART) of
choice for adult HIV patients after unplanned interruption. Hence, patients?
conditions at time of ART reintroduction need to be evaluated as a basis for
selecting ART regiment.
Objectives: To know the proportion of virological success of first line ART
reintroduction after unplanned interruption. To know the association between
either clinical or laboratory factors and virological success in reintroduction.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in HIV patients that were
reintroduced to first line ART after having unplanned interruption for at least one
month period. The data were collected from medical records of Dr. Cipto
Mangunkusumo Hospital in Jakarta. Viral load (VL) was evaluated at 6-18
months after first line ART reintroduction, declared as a success if VL <400
copies/mL. Analysis was done to factors associated with such virological success.
Results: Between January 2005 and December 2014, 100 subjects were
reintroduced to first line ART and having VL data in 6 to 18 months after the
reintroduction. Virological success was achieved in 55 (55%) subjects. In the
analysis we found that virological success was associated with interrupted once
(adjusted OR/aOR 5.51%, 95%CI 1.82-16.68, p=0.003) and CD4 ≥200 cell/mm
xii
Universitas Indonesia
3
at the time of reintroduction (aOR 4.33, 95%CI 1.14-16.39, p=0.031).
Conclusions: Proportion of virological success on first line ART reintroduction
after unplanned interruption was 55%. Patients who were having interrupted once
and patients with CD4 ≥200 cell/mm
3
at the time of reintroduction would have
higher odds of virological success on first line ART reintroduction.
;Background: There is no guideline concerning antiretroviral therapy (ART) of
choice for adult HIV patients after unplanned interruption. Hence, patients?
conditions at time of ART reintroduction need to be evaluated as a basis for
selecting ART regiment.
Objectives: To know the proportion of virological success of first line ART
reintroduction after unplanned interruption. To know the association between
either clinical or laboratory factors and virological success in reintroduction.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in HIV patients that were
reintroduced to first line ART after having unplanned interruption for at least one
month period. The data were collected from medical records of Dr. Cipto
Mangunkusumo Hospital in Jakarta. Viral load (VL) was evaluated at 6-18
months after first line ART reintroduction, declared as a success if VL <400
copies/mL. Analysis was done to factors associated with such virological success.
Results: Between January 2005 and December 2014, 100 subjects were
reintroduced to first line ART and having VL data in 6 to 18 months after the
reintroduction. Virological success was achieved in 55 (55%) subjects. In the
analysis we found that virological success was associated with interrupted once
(adjusted OR/aOR 5.51%, 95%CI 1.82-16.68, p=0.003) and CD4 ≥200 cell/mm
xii
Universitas Indonesia
3
at the time of reintroduction (aOR 4.33, 95%CI 1.14-16.39, p=0.031).
Conclusions: Proportion of virological success on first line ART reintroduction
after unplanned interruption was 55%. Patients who were having interrupted once
and patients with CD4 ≥200 cell/mm
3
at the time of reintroduction would have
higher odds of virological success on first line ART reintroduction.
"
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
SP-PDF
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Hery Agung Samsu Alam
Profil pasien HIV periode 2004-2013 yang tetap berobat sampai akhir 2014 di Unit Pelayanan Terpadu HIV RS Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta = Profiles of HIV patients during the period of 2004 to 2013 who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014 in HIV Integrated Service Unit Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta
"ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Kesinambungan berobat memiliki peran penting dalam
keberhasilan tatalaksana pasien HIV. Hingga saat ini, belum dilakukan penelitian
untuk melihat proporsi pasien yang masih tetap berobat di UPT HIV RSCM
maupun profil dari pasien-pasien tersebut.
Tujuan: Mengetahui proporsi dan profil pasien yang masih tetap berobat di UPT
HIV RSCM.
Metode: Studi dengan metode potong lintang pada pasien HIV yang baru
terdiagnosis dan berobat di UPT HIV RSUPNCM dalam periode Januari 2004 -
Desember 2013. Data diperoleh melalui ekstraksi data sekunder yang berasal dari
rekam medik. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap pasien HIV yang berusia diatas 18
tahun dan belum menjalani terapi ARV. Pasien yang tetap berobat sampai akhir
2014 didefinisikan sebagai pasien yang tetap kontrol ke poliklinik sejak awal pasien
datang ke UPT HIV hingga minimal tiga bulan sebelum akhir Desember 2014.
Hasil: Sebanyak 4949 subjek diikutkan dalam penelitian ini. Didapatkan proporsi
pasien yang tetap berobat sampai akhir 2014 adalah 23% (1136 subjek). Selain itu,
subjek dengan jenis kelamin wanita (26,6%), berusia ≥35 tahun (usia 35-44 tahun
sebesar 25,5% dan ≥45 tahun sebesar 35,5%), pendidikan terakhir diatas SMU
(26,8%), menikah/dengan pasangan (25%), beralamat di Bodetabek (26,1%),
stadium klinis IV (28,3%), memiliki angka CD4 awal 201-350 sel/mm3 (35%), dan
bukan penasun (28%) adalah subjek terbanyak yang tetap berobat sampai akhir
2014.
Simpulan: Proporsi pasien yang tetap berobat sampai akhir 2014 adalah 23% (1136
subjek). Selain itu, pasien dengan jenis kelamin wanita, berusia ≥35 tahun,
pendidikan terakhir diatas SMU, menikah/tinggal dengan pasangan, beralamat di
Bodetabek, stadium klinis IV, memiliki angka CD4 awal 201-350 sel/mm3, dan
bukan penasun merupakan kelompok subjek terbanyak yang tetap berobat sampai akhir 2014.ABSTRACT
Background: Continued medical treatment serves an important role in the
successful management of patients with HIV. Until this present day, there has never
been any research which seeks to examine the proportion of patients who continue
their medical treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit of National Central General
Hospital Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSUPNCM) and the profiles of those patients.
Objectives: To discover the proportion and to generate the profiles of patients who
continued their medical treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit, RSUPNCM.
Methods: This research was conducted by applying the cross-sectional method on
patients who were diagnosed with HIV and were subsequently undergoing medical
treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit, RSUPNCM, during the period of January
2004 to December 2013. Data were obtained by extracting secondary data in the
form of medical records. The subjects of the research are HIV patients who are
more than 18 years of age and have not undergone anti-retroviral (ARV) treatments.
Patients who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014 are defined as
patients who have undergone medical treatment at the polyclinic starting from their
first visit to HIV Integrated Service Unit until at least three months prior to the end
of December 2014.
Results: As many as 4949 subjects participated in this research. We found that the
proportion of patients who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014
is 23% (1136 subjects). In addition to that, we also found that female subjects
(26.6%) who are ≥35 years of age (25.5% for those between 35 and 44 years of age
and 35.5% for those ≥45 years of age); whose education is higher than Senior High
School level (26.8%); who have married or live with their respective partners
(25%); who reside in Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, or Bekasi areas (26.1%); who have
reached clinical stage IV (28.3%); whose initial CD4 count is 201?350 cells/mm
3
(35%); and who are not injecting drug users (IDUs) (28%) constitute the largest
group of subjects who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014.
Conclusion: The proportion of patients who continued their medical treatment until
the end of 2014 is 23% (1136 subjects). In addition to that, female patients who are
≥35 years of age; whose education is higher than Senior High School level; who
have married or live with their respective partners; who reside in Bogor, Depok,
Tangerang, or Bekasi areas; who have reached clinical stage IV (28.3%); whose
initial CD4 count is 201?350 cells/mm
3
, and who are not injecting drug users
(IDUs) constitute the largest group of subjects who continued their medical
treatment until the end of 2014.;Background: Continued medical treatment serves an important role in the
successful management of patients with HIV. Until this present day, there has never
been any research which seeks to examine the proportion of patients who continue
their medical treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit of National Central General
Hospital Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSUPNCM) and the profiles of those patients.
Objectives: To discover the proportion and to generate the profiles of patients who
continued their medical treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit, RSUPNCM.
Methods: This research was conducted by applying the cross-sectional method on
patients who were diagnosed with HIV and were subsequently undergoing medical
treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit, RSUPNCM, during the period of January
2004 to December 2013. Data were obtained by extracting secondary data in the
form of medical records. The subjects of the research are HIV patients who are
more than 18 years of age and have not undergone anti-retroviral (ARV) treatments.
Patients who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014 are defined as
patients who have undergone medical treatment at the polyclinic starting from their
first visit to HIV Integrated Service Unit until at least three months prior to the end
of December 2014.
Results: As many as 4949 subjects participated in this research. We found that the
proportion of patients who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014
is 23% (1136 subjects). In addition to that, we also found that female subjects
(26.6%) who are ≥35 years of age (25.5% for those between 35 and 44 years of age
and 35.5% for those ≥45 years of age); whose education is higher than Senior High
School level (26.8%); who have married or live with their respective partners
(25%); who reside in Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, or Bekasi areas (26.1%); who have
reached clinical stage IV (28.3%); whose initial CD4 count is 201?350 cells/mm
3
(35%); and who are not injecting drug users (IDUs) (28%) constitute the largest
group of subjects who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014.
Conclusion: The proportion of patients who continued their medical treatment until
the end of 2014 is 23% (1136 subjects). In addition to that, female patients who are
≥35 years of age; whose education is higher than Senior High School level; who
have married or live with their respective partners; who reside in Bogor, Depok,
Tangerang, or Bekasi areas; who have reached clinical stage IV (28.3%); whose
initial CD4 count is 201?350 cells/mm
3
, and who are not injecting drug users
(IDUs) constitute the largest group of subjects who continued their medical
treatment until the end of 2014.;Background: Continued medical treatment serves an important role in the
successful management of patients with HIV. Until this present day, there has never
been any research which seeks to examine the proportion of patients who continue
their medical treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit of National Central General
Hospital Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSUPNCM) and the profiles of those patients.
Objectives: To discover the proportion and to generate the profiles of patients who
continued their medical treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit, RSUPNCM.
Methods: This research was conducted by applying the cross-sectional method on
patients who were diagnosed with HIV and were subsequently undergoing medical
treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit, RSUPNCM, during the period of January
2004 to December 2013. Data were obtained by extracting secondary data in the
form of medical records. The subjects of the research are HIV patients who are
more than 18 years of age and have not undergone anti-retroviral (ARV) treatments.
Patients who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014 are defined as
patients who have undergone medical treatment at the polyclinic starting from their
first visit to HIV Integrated Service Unit until at least three months prior to the end
of December 2014.
Results: As many as 4949 subjects participated in this research. We found that the
proportion of patients who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014
is 23% (1136 subjects). In addition to that, we also found that female subjects
(26.6%) who are ≥35 years of age (25.5% for those between 35 and 44 years of age
and 35.5% for those ≥45 years of age); whose education is higher than Senior High
School level (26.8%); who have married or live with their respective partners
(25%); who reside in Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, or Bekasi areas (26.1%); who have
reached clinical stage IV (28.3%); whose initial CD4 count is 201?350 cells/mm
3
(35%); and who are not injecting drug users (IDUs) (28%) constitute the largest
group of subjects who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014.
Conclusion: The proportion of patients who continued their medical treatment until
the end of 2014 is 23% (1136 subjects). In addition to that, female patients who are
≥35 years of age; whose education is higher than Senior High School level; who
have married or live with their respective partners; who reside in Bogor, Depok,
Tangerang, or Bekasi areas; who have reached clinical stage IV (28.3%); whose
initial CD4 count is 201?350 cells/mm
3
, and who are not injecting drug users
(IDUs) constitute the largest group of subjects who continued their medical
treatment until the end of 2014.;Background: Continued medical treatment serves an important role in the
successful management of patients with HIV. Until this present day, there has never
been any research which seeks to examine the proportion of patients who continue
their medical treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit of National Central General
Hospital Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSUPNCM) and the profiles of those patients.
Objectives: To discover the proportion and to generate the profiles of patients who
continued their medical treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit, RSUPNCM.
Methods: This research was conducted by applying the cross-sectional method on
patients who were diagnosed with HIV and were subsequently undergoing medical
treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit, RSUPNCM, during the period of January
2004 to December 2013. Data were obtained by extracting secondary data in the
form of medical records. The subjects of the research are HIV patients who are
more than 18 years of age and have not undergone anti-retroviral (ARV) treatments.
Patients who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014 are defined as
patients who have undergone medical treatment at the polyclinic starting from their
first visit to HIV Integrated Service Unit until at least three months prior to the end
of December 2014.
Results: As many as 4949 subjects participated in this research. We found that the
proportion of patients who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014
is 23% (1136 subjects). In addition to that, we also found that female subjects
(26.6%) who are ≥35 years of age (25.5% for those between 35 and 44 years of age
and 35.5% for those ≥45 years of age); whose education is higher than Senior High
School level (26.8%); who have married or live with their respective partners
(25%); who reside in Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, or Bekasi areas (26.1%); who have
reached clinical stage IV (28.3%); whose initial CD4 count is 201?350 cells/mm
3
(35%); and who are not injecting drug users (IDUs) (28%) constitute the largest
group of subjects who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014.
Conclusion: The proportion of patients who continued their medical treatment until
the end of 2014 is 23% (1136 subjects). In addition to that, female patients who are
≥35 years of age; whose education is higher than Senior High School level; who
have married or live with their respective partners; who reside in Bogor, Depok,
Tangerang, or Bekasi areas; who have reached clinical stage IV (28.3%); whose
initial CD4 count is 201?350 cells/mm
3
, and who are not injecting drug users
(IDUs) constitute the largest group of subjects who continued their medical
treatment until the end of 2014.;Background: Continued medical treatment serves an important role in the
successful management of patients with HIV. Until this present day, there has never
been any research which seeks to examine the proportion of patients who continue
their medical treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit of National Central General
Hospital Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSUPNCM) and the profiles of those patients.
Objectives: To discover the proportion and to generate the profiles of patients who
continued their medical treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit, RSUPNCM.
Methods: This research was conducted by applying the cross-sectional method on
patients who were diagnosed with HIV and were subsequently undergoing medical
treatment at HIV Integrated Service Unit, RSUPNCM, during the period of January
2004 to December 2013. Data were obtained by extracting secondary data in the
form of medical records. The subjects of the research are HIV patients who are
more than 18 years of age and have not undergone anti-retroviral (ARV) treatments.
Patients who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014 are defined as
patients who have undergone medical treatment at the polyclinic starting from their
first visit to HIV Integrated Service Unit until at least three months prior to the end
of December 2014.
Results: As many as 4949 subjects participated in this research. We found that the
proportion of patients who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014
is 23% (1136 subjects). In addition to that, we also found that female subjects
(26.6%) who are ≥35 years of age (25.5% for those between 35 and 44 years of age
and 35.5% for those ≥45 years of age); whose education is higher than Senior High
School level (26.8%); who have married or live with their respective partners
(25%); who reside in Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, or Bekasi areas (26.1%); who have
reached clinical stage IV (28.3%); whose initial CD4 count is 201?350 cells/mm
3
(35%); and who are not injecting drug users (IDUs) (28%) constitute the largest
group of subjects who continued their medical treatment until the end of 2014.
Conclusion: The proportion of patients who continued their medical treatment until
the end of 2014 is 23% (1136 subjects). In addition to that, female patients who are
≥35 years of age; whose education is higher than Senior High School level; who
have married or live with their respective partners; who reside in Bogor, Depok,
Tangerang, or Bekasi areas; who have reached clinical stage IV (28.3%); whose
initial CD4 count is 201?350 cells/mm
3
, and who are not injecting drug users
(IDUs) constitute the largest group of subjects who continued their medical
treatment until the end of 2014."
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
SP-PDF
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Dwi Miranti Anggraini
Faktor risiko terjadinya enteropati pada anak dengan AIDS stadium lanjut tanpa gejala gastrointestinal = Risk for enteropathy in advanced stages of AIDS children without gastrointestinal manifestation
"ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Sejak dilaporkan pertama kali pada tahun 1981 di Amerika
Serikat, penyebaran Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) di seluruh
dunia termasuk Indonesia terjadi dengan pesat. Saluran pencernaan merupakan
target utama infeksi HIV. Enteropati terjadi pada 15-70% kasus anak. Enteropati
dapat terjadi walaupun tanpa gejala gastrointestinal. Kondisi enteropati dapat
menimbulkan perburukan gejala gastrointestinal, kegagalan pertumbuhan dan
menyebabkan pasien mengarah pada wasting. Enteropati dideteksi dengan
pemeriksaan alpha 1 antitripsin.
Tujuan: (1) Mengetahui proporsi enteropati yang terjadi pada anak dengan
AIDS stadium lanjut tanpa gejala gastrointestinal. (2) Mengetahui karakteristik
enteropati yang terjadi pada anak dengan AIDS stadium lanjut tanpa gejala
gastrointestinal. (3) Mengetahui hubungan antara enteropati dengan usia, status
gizi, status imunodefisiensi, jenis dan lama terapi ARV serta lama sakit anak
dengan AIDS stadium lanjut tanpa gejala gastrointestinal.
Metode: Penelitian potong lintang deskriptif dan analitik yang dilakukan di
Poliklinik Alergi Imunologi Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak FKUI- RSCM
antara bulan Agustus sampai dengan November 2015 terhadap anak dengan
AIDS stadium lanjut berusia 0 - 18 tahun tanpa gejala gastrointestinal. Faktor
risiko dianalisis bivariat dan multivariat.
Hasil: Total subjek penelitian berjumlah 70 subjek (35 lelaki dan 35 perempuan).
Enteropati terjadi pada 31 subjek. Enteropati lebih banyak ditemukan pada anak
perempuan, usia >60 bulan, mengalami malnutrisi, tidak ada imunodefisiensi, obat
antiretroviral lini kedua dan ketiga, lama pengobatan 0-59 bulan dan lama sakit 059
bulan. Pada analisis bivariat tidak didapatkan faktor risiko yang bermakna.
Pada analisis multivariat didapatkan lama sakit 0-59 bulan dengan nilai OR 3,451
(IK95% 1,026-11,610) merupakan faktor risiko yang berperan dalam terjadinya
enteropati pada anak dengan AIDS stadium lanjut tanpa gejala gastrointestinal.
Simpulan : Proporsi enteropati pada anak dengan AIDS stadium lanjut tanpa
gejala gastrointestinal sebanyak 31 dari 70 subjek. Faktor risiko yang berperan
adalah lama sakit 0-59 bulan. ABSTRACT
Background: HIV/AIDS is a global pandemic. Digestive tract is a major target for
HIV infection. The digestive-absorptive functions are impaired, occurring in 1570%
of
children.
Enteropathy
contributes
to
gastrointestinal
manifestation,
growth
failure
and further immune derangement, leading to wasting. The diagnostic
approach includes alpha 1 antitrypsin fecal level.
Objective: (1) to describe frequency of enteropathy in advanced stages of AIDS
children without gastrointestinal manifestation, (2) to describe characteristic of
children with advanced stages of AIDS without gastrointestinal manifestation
who develop enteropathy, (3) to investigate the role of age, nutritional status,
immunodeficiency status, type and duration of antiretroviral therapy, and duration
of illness as risk for enteropathy in advanced stages of AIDS children without
gastrointestinal manifestation.
Methods: A descriptive and analytic cross-sectional study was conducted at
Pediatric Allergy-Immunology Outpatient Clinic RSCM between August to
November 2015. The inclusion criteria was advanced stages of AIDS children
age 0-18 years old without gastrointestinal manifestation. Risk factors were
analyzed with bivariate and multivariate analysis.
Results: Seventy children fulfilled the study criteria (35 males and 35 females).
Thirty-one subjects were diagnosed as enteropathy. Most subjects are female, age
>60 month-old, malnutritional status, no immunodeficiency, received second and
third line antiretroviral regimen with duration 0-59 months and duration of
illness 0-59 months. Bivariate analysis showed that no factor was significantly
associated with enteropathy. Based on multivariate analysis, duration of illness
0-59 months is a significant risk factor with OR 3.451 (CI 1.026-11.610).
Conclusions: The proportion enteropathy in advanced stages of AIDS children
without gastrointestinal manifestation is 31/70. Patients who had been diagnosed
as advanced stage of HIV/AIDS for 0-59 months are more likely to develop
enteropathy.;Background: HIV/AIDS is a global pandemic. Digestive tract is a major target for
HIV infection. The digestive-absorptive functions are impaired, occurring in 1570%
of
children.
Enteropathy
contributes
to
gastrointestinal
manifestation,
growth
failure
and further immune derangement, leading to wasting. The diagnostic
approach includes alpha 1 antitrypsin fecal level.
Objective: (1) to describe frequency of enteropathy in advanced stages of AIDS
children without gastrointestinal manifestation, (2) to describe characteristic of
children with advanced stages of AIDS without gastrointestinal manifestation
who develop enteropathy, (3) to investigate the role of age, nutritional status,
immunodeficiency status, type and duration of antiretroviral therapy, and duration
of illness as risk for enteropathy in advanced stages of AIDS children without
gastrointestinal manifestation.
Methods: A descriptive and analytic cross-sectional study was conducted at
Pediatric Allergy-Immunology Outpatient Clinic RSCM between August to
November 2015. The inclusion criteria was advanced stages of AIDS children
age 0-18 years old without gastrointestinal manifestation. Risk factors were
analyzed with bivariate and multivariate analysis.
Results: Seventy children fulfilled the study criteria (35 males and 35 females).
Thirty-one subjects were diagnosed as enteropathy. Most subjects are female, age
>60 month-old, malnutritional status, no immunodeficiency, received second and
third line antiretroviral regimen with duration 0-59 months and duration of
illness 0-59 months. Bivariate analysis showed that no factor was significantly
associated with enteropathy. Based on multivariate analysis, duration of illness
0-59 months is a significant risk factor with OR 3.451 (CI 1.026-11.610).
Conclusions: The proportion enteropathy in advanced stages of AIDS children
without gastrointestinal manifestation is 31/70. Patients who had been diagnosed
as advanced stage of HIV/AIDS for 0-59 months are more likely to develop
enteropathy.;Background: HIV/AIDS is a global pandemic. Digestive tract is a major target for
HIV infection. The digestive-absorptive functions are impaired, occurring in 1570%
of
children.
Enteropathy
contributes
to
gastrointestinal
manifestation,
growth
failure
and further immune derangement, leading to wasting. The diagnostic
approach includes alpha 1 antitrypsin fecal level.
Objective: (1) to describe frequency of enteropathy in advanced stages of AIDS
children without gastrointestinal manifestation, (2) to describe characteristic of
children with advanced stages of AIDS without gastrointestinal manifestation
who develop enteropathy, (3) to investigate the role of age, nutritional status,
immunodeficiency status, type and duration of antiretroviral therapy, and duration
of illness as risk for enteropathy in advanced stages of AIDS children without
gastrointestinal manifestation.
Methods: A descriptive and analytic cross-sectional study was conducted at
Pediatric Allergy-Immunology Outpatient Clinic RSCM between August to
November 2015. The inclusion criteria was advanced stages of AIDS children
age 0-18 years old without gastrointestinal manifestation. Risk factors were
analyzed with bivariate and multivariate analysis.
Results: Seventy children fulfilled the study criteria (35 males and 35 females).
Thirty-one subjects were diagnosed as enteropathy. Most subjects are female, age
>60 month-old, malnutritional status, no immunodeficiency, received second and
third line antiretroviral regimen with duration 0-59 months and duration of
illness 0-59 months. Bivariate analysis showed that no factor was significantly
associated with enteropathy. Based on multivariate analysis, duration of illness
0-59 months is a significant risk factor with OR 3.451 (CI 1.026-11.610).
Conclusions: The proportion enteropathy in advanced stages of AIDS children
without gastrointestinal manifestation is 31/70. Patients who had been diagnosed
as advanced stage of HIV/AIDS for 0-59 months are more likely to develop
enteropathy."
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2016
SP-PDF
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Nita Nurhidayati
Optimasi real time polymerase chain reaction untuk deteksi cytomegalovirus pada sampel plasma, urin, dan liquour cerebrospinal pasien Human Immunodeficiency Virus dengan tersangka infeksi otak. = Optimization of real time polymerase chain reaction for detection of cytomegalovirus in plasma, urine, and liquor cerebrospinal samples from Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive patients with suspected central nervous system infections
"ABSTRAK
Latar belakang : Cytomegalovirus (CMV) merupakan salah satu infeksi oportunistik
pada pasien dengan sindrom immunodefisiensi (AIDS). Gejala klinis dan CT scan
tidak dapat menegakkan diagnosa definitif ensefalitis CMV. Oleh karena itu
diperlukan uji alternatif untuk menegakkan diagnosis infeksi CMV pada pasien HIV
dengan infeksi otak. Salah satu uji yang sensitif dan spesifik adalah Real Time
Polymerase Chain Reaction (rPCR).
Tujuan : Mendapatkan uji deteksi molekular CMV pada pasien HIV dengan
tersangka infeksi otak.
Metode : Penelitian dilakukan dalam 3 tahap. Tahap 1 adalah optimasi konsentrasi
primer, probe, suhu annealing, volume elusi ekstraksi DNA, dan volume cetakan.
Tahap 2 adalah uji spesifisitas (reaksi silang) dan uji sensitivitas (ambang batas
deteksi DNA) rPCR dan tahap 3 adalah penerapan uji rPCR yang sudah dioptimasi
terhadap sampel plasma, urin, dan LCS.
Hasil : Kondisi optimal uji rPCR telah diperoleh dengan konsentrasi primer dan
probe 0,1 μM, dengan kondisi suhu reaksi rPCR: aktivasi enzim pada 950C selama 3
menit; 45 siklus pada 950C selama 15 detik (denaturasi) dan 560C selama 1 menit
(annealing dan ekstensi). Volume elusi ekstraksi DNA yang optimal untuk ketiga
jenis sampel (LCS, plasma dan urin) adalah 40 μL, dan volume cetakan rPCR untuk
LCS, plasma, dan urin, masing-masing adalah 5, 4, dan 3 μL. Uji rPCR mampu
mendeteksi DNA pada 50.000 jumlah kopi/mL dan tidak bereaksi silang dengan
Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus,
Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium
tuberculosis, Candida spp, Toxoplasma gondii, EBV,HSV,dan VZV. Penerapan uji
rPCR pada sampel klinis memberikan hasil negatif pada semua sampel LCS, 72,22%
positif pada sampel plasma, dan 72,22% positif pada sampel urin.
Kesimpulan: Telah dilakukan optimasi uji rPCR dengan minimal deteksi DNA
CMV 50.000 jumlah kopi/mL dan tidak bereaksi silang dengan mikroorganisme yang
berpotensi menyebabkan positif palsu (false positive).ABSTRACT
Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of opportunistic infections in patients
with Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Clinical manifestations are not
typical, and CT scans can not define encephalitis CMV specifically. Therefore, it is
important to apply an alternative assay for sensitive and specific detection of CMV
infection in HIV patients with suspected central nervous system (CNS) infections.
One of the assays is real time polymerase chain reaction (rPCR).
Objective: To obtain a molecular assay for detection of CMV in HIV patients with
suspect CNS infections.
Methods: This study was conducted in three phases. The first is optimization of
concentrations of primers, probe, annealing temperature, final elution of DNA
extraction, and volume of PCR template. The second is determinations of sensitivity
(minimal detection of DNA) and specificity (cross-reaction) of the optimized rPCR,
and the third is application of the rPCR for clinical samples of plasma, urine, and
liquor cerebrospinal (LCS).
Results: The rPCR reaction showed optimal concentrations of primers and probe at
0.1 μM, with thermal cycler: 950C for 3 min (enzyme activation), followed by 45
cycles of 950C for 15 sec (denaturation) and 560C for 1 min (annealing and
extension). Final elution of DNA extraction was 40 μL and volume of PCR templates
for urine, plasma, and LCS was 3, 4, and 5 μL, respectively. The rPCR had minimal
detection of DNA at 50,000 copies/mL and was not cross-reacted with
Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus,
Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium
tuberculosis, Candida spp, Toxoplasma gondii, Epstein-Bar Virus (EBV), Herpes
Simplex Virus (HSV) and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV). Application of rPCR for
clinical samples showed that the rPCR yielded 72.22% positive for plasma or urine,
and negative for all LCS samples.
Conclusion: The rPCR has been optimized in this study with minimal DNA detection
at 50,000 copies/mL and was not cross-reacted with other microorganisms that are
potential to cause false positive results.;Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of opportunistic infections in patients
with Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Clinical manifestations are not
typical, and CT scans can not define encephalitis CMV specifically. Therefore, it is
important to apply an alternative assay for sensitive and specific detection of CMV
infection in HIV patients with suspected central nervous system (CNS) infections.
One of the assays is real time polymerase chain reaction (rPCR).
Objective: To obtain a molecular assay for detection of CMV in HIV patients with
suspect CNS infections.
Methods: This study was conducted in three phases. The first is optimization of
concentrations of primers, probe, annealing temperature, final elution of DNA
extraction, and volume of PCR template. The second is determinations of sensitivity
(minimal detection of DNA) and specificity (cross-reaction) of the optimized rPCR,
and the third is application of the rPCR for clinical samples of plasma, urine, and
liquor cerebrospinal (LCS).
Results: The rPCR reaction showed optimal concentrations of primers and probe at
0.1 μM, with thermal cycler: 950C for 3 min (enzyme activation), followed by 45
cycles of 950C for 15 sec (denaturation) and 560C for 1 min (annealing and
extension). Final elution of DNA extraction was 40 μL and volume of PCR templates
for urine, plasma, and LCS was 3, 4, and 5 μL, respectively. The rPCR had minimal
detection of DNA at 50,000 copies/mL and was not cross-reacted with
Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus,
Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium
tuberculosis, Candida spp, Toxoplasma gondii, Epstein-Bar Virus (EBV), Herpes
Simplex Virus (HSV) and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV). Application of rPCR for
clinical samples showed that the rPCR yielded 72.22% positive for plasma or urine,
and negative for all LCS samples.
Conclusion: The rPCR has been optimized in this study with minimal DNA detection
at 50,000 copies/mL and was not cross-reacted with other microorganisms that are
potential to cause false positive results.;Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of opportunistic infections in patients
with Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Clinical manifestations are not
typical, and CT scans can not define encephalitis CMV specifically. Therefore, it is
important to apply an alternative assay for sensitive and specific detection of CMV
infection in HIV patients with suspected central nervous system (CNS) infections.
One of the assays is real time polymerase chain reaction (rPCR).
Objective: To obtain a molecular assay for detection of CMV in HIV patients with
suspect CNS infections.
Methods: This study was conducted in three phases. The first is optimization of
concentrations of primers, probe, annealing temperature, final elution of DNA
extraction, and volume of PCR template. The second is determinations of sensitivity
(minimal detection of DNA) and specificity (cross-reaction) of the optimized rPCR,
and the third is application of the rPCR for clinical samples of plasma, urine, and
liquor cerebrospinal (LCS).
Results: The rPCR reaction showed optimal concentrations of primers and probe at
0.1 μM, with thermal cycler: 950C for 3 min (enzyme activation), followed by 45
cycles of 950C for 15 sec (denaturation) and 560C for 1 min (annealing and
extension). Final elution of DNA extraction was 40 μL and volume of PCR templates
for urine, plasma, and LCS was 3, 4, and 5 μL, respectively. The rPCR had minimal
detection of DNA at 50,000 copies/mL and was not cross-reacted with
Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus,
Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium
tuberculosis, Candida spp, Toxoplasma gondii, Epstein-Bar Virus (EBV), Herpes
Simplex Virus (HSV) and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV). Application of rPCR for
clinical samples showed that the rPCR yielded 72.22% positive for plasma or urine,
and negative for all LCS samples.
Conclusion: The rPCR has been optimized in this study with minimal DNA detection
at 50,000 copies/mL and was not cross-reacted with other microorganisms that are
potential to cause false positive results.;Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of opportunistic infections in patients
with Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Clinical manifestations are not
typical, and CT scans can not define encephalitis CMV specifically. Therefore, it is
important to apply an alternative assay for sensitive and specific detection of CMV
infection in HIV patients with suspected central nervous system (CNS) infections.
One of the assays is real time polymerase chain reaction (rPCR).
Objective: To obtain a molecular assay for detection of CMV in HIV patients with
suspect CNS infections.
Methods: This study was conducted in three phases. The first is optimization of
concentrations of primers, probe, annealing temperature, final elution of DNA
extraction, and volume of PCR template. The second is determinations of sensitivity
(minimal detection of DNA) and specificity (cross-reaction) of the optimized rPCR,
and the third is application of the rPCR for clinical samples of plasma, urine, and
liquor cerebrospinal (LCS).
Results: The rPCR reaction showed optimal concentrations of primers and probe at
0.1 μM, with thermal cycler: 950C for 3 min (enzyme activation), followed by 45
cycles of 950C for 15 sec (denaturation) and 560C for 1 min (annealing and
extension). Final elution of DNA extraction was 40 μL and volume of PCR templates
for urine, plasma, and LCS was 3, 4, and 5 μL, respectively. The rPCR had minimal
detection of DNA at 50,000 copies/mL and was not cross-reacted with
Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus,
Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium
tuberculosis, Candida spp, Toxoplasma gondii, Epstein-Bar Virus (EBV), Herpes
Simplex Virus (HSV) and Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV). Application of rPCR for
clinical samples showed that the rPCR yielded 72.22% positive for plasma or urine,
and negative for all LCS samples.
Conclusion: The rPCR has been optimized in this study with minimal DNA detection
at 50,000 copies/mL and was not cross-reacted with other microorganisms that are
potential to cause false positive results."
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2016
Sp-PDF
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Zubairi Djoerban
Viral load profiles in drug users with asymptomatic HIV infection and normal CD4 cell counts
"Sejak tahun 2000 jumlah penderita HIV/AIDS di Indonesia meningkat tajam, terutama pada pecandu narkotika suntik. Terapi antiretroviral yang terbukti dapat menurunkan mortalitas dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien, diberikan berdasarkan kondisi klinis, jumlah sel limfosit CD4 dan kadar virus dalam darah. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar CD4 dan kadar virus pada 71 pasien HIV asimptomatik yang merupakan pecandu narkotika suntik untuk melihat apakah kadar CD4 berkorelasi dengan kadar virus HIV. Kadar CD4 diperiksa dengan metode imunofluoresensi indirek menggunakan antibodi monoklonal dan kadar virus menggunakan teknik PCR. Pemeriksaan hitung virus dilakukan pada 56 pasien yang mempunyai kadar CD4 lebih dari 200 sel/mm3 (x = 473 + 180,6). Sebanyak 30 orang (55,4%) mempunyai kadar virus dalam darah lebih dari 55.000 kopi/ml dan 35,7% kadar virusnya 5.000-55.000 kopi/ml. Korelasi antara kadar CD4 dengan kadar virus dalam darah memberi nilai r: 0,194. Disimpulkan bahwa pada pecandu narkotika kadar CD4 tidak berkorelasi dengan kadar HIV sehingga pemberian antiretroviral sebaiknya didasarkan pada kadar HIV dalam darah. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 143-7)
Since the year 2000 there has been a steep increased in the number of HIV/AIDS patients in Indonesia , coming mostly from intravenous drug users. Antiretroviral treatment has been proved to decrease mortality and increase quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients. The treatment is given according to clinical condition of the patients, number of CD4 and viral load. In this study, CD4 and viral load were examined in 71 asymptomatic HIV patients originated from injecting-drug users. CD4 counting was performed by indirect immunoflouresence method using monoclonal antibody, and viral load was tested using PCR technique. Among 56 patients who has the number of CD4 more than 200/mm3, 30 patients (55,4 %) has viral load more than 55,000 copies/ml and 35,7% has viral load 5,000-55,000 copies/ml. Correlation between the number of CD 4 and viral load gave the r value of 0,194. It is concluded that there is no association between the number of CD 4 and viral load in drug user HIV/AIDS patients. The treatment of HIV/AIDS for these patients should be given according to the viral load. (Med J Indones 2002; 11: 143-7)"
Medical Journal of Indonesia, 2002
MJIN-11-3-JulSep2002-143
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Pohan, Herdiman Theodorus
Clinical manifestation of HIV/AIDS patients: differences between public and private hospitals in Jakarta
"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan data demografi, faktor risiko, gambaran klinis, infeksi oportunis/ko-infeksi dan perbedaannya pada rumah sakit pemerintah dan swasta. Penelitian retrospektif-deskriptif dilakukan di RSUPN-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RS pemerintah) dan RS Medistra (RS swasta) di Jakarta. Kriteria inklusi mencakup kasus HIV/AIDS yang dirawat pada tahun 2002-2003, dan hasil serologi HIV positif dengan metode Elisa. Data sekunder didapatkan dari rekam medis. Enam puluh enam subyek diikut-sertakan dalam penelitian (RS pemerintah 30 subyek dan RS swasta 36 subyek), terdiri dari 59 pria (89.4%) dan 7 wanita (10.6%). Tiga puluh tujuh persen subyek didiagnosis HIV dan 62% AIDS. Faktor risiko yang didapat mencakup pengguna narkoba (59.1%), homoseksual (13.6%), heteroseksual (21.1%), transfusi (1.5%) dan perinatal (1.5%). Gejala klinis terutama berupa demam akut (56.2%), penurunan berat badan (39.4%), batuk (38.8%), sesak nafas (27.2%), diare kronik (22.8%), demam berkepanjangan (19.7%), penurunan kesadaran (15.3% dan, anoreksia (15.3%). Perbedaan bermakna antara RS pemerintah dan swasta didapatkan pada keluhan demam dan batuk. Presentasi klinis pasien HIV/AIDS selama perawatan mencakup : pnemonia (56%), oral trush (22.6%), anemia (56.5%), lekopenia (32.3%), limfopenia (55.9%), peningkatan SGOT/SGPT (66.1%), hipoalbuminemia (46.9%), limfadenopati (10.6%), lesi serebral (7.6%), ensefalopati (6.0%), tuberkulosis paru dan efusi pleura (10.6%). Infeksi oportunis dan ko-infeksi mencakup kandidosis (25.8%), hepatitis C kronik (24.2%), hepatitis B dan C kronik (4.5%), tb paru, limfadenitis dan tb milier. Kandidosis dan tb paru lebih sering ditemukan di RS pemerintah. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa manifestasi klinis HIV/AIDS berupa pria/wanita usia muda dengan satu atau lebih faktor risiko, mengalami demam, keluhan pernapasan, penurunan berat badan, diare kronik, lemah, oral trush, anemia, lekopenia, limfopenia. Pasien yang dirawat di RS swasta menunjukkan gejala yang lebih bervariasi sedangkan yang dirawat di RS pemerintah menunjukkan kondisi yang lebih berat dan stadium lebih lanjut. (Med J Indones 2004; 13: 232-6)
The aims of this study is to determine the demographic data, risk factors, clinical presentations, opportunistic/co-infections and its difference between public and private hospitals. A retrospective-descriptive study was conducted in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital (public hospital) and Medistra Hospital (private hospital), Jakarta. The inclusion criteria were new HIV/AIDS cases admitted in year 2002-2003 and positive HIV serology (Elisa method). Secondary data were collected form medical record. Sixty-six subjects were enrolled in this study (public hospital 30 subjects and private hospital 36 subjects), consist of 59 male (89.4%) and 7 female (10.6%). Thirty-seven percent subjects were defined as HIV and 62% AIDS. Risk factors obtained include drug user (59.1%), homosexual (13.6%), heterosexual (21.1%), transfusion (1.5%) and maternal-child (perinatal) (1.5%). The clinical symptoms mainly present as acute fever (56.2%), weight loss (39.4%), cough (38.8%), shortness of breath (27.2%), chronic diarrhea (22.8%), prolong fever (19.7%), loss of conciousness (15.3%), anorexia (15.3%). Significant differences between public and private hospitals were seen in fever and cough symptoms. Clinical presentation of HIV/AIDS patients during admission were : pneumonia (56%), oral trush (22.6%), anemia (56.5%), leucopenia (32.3%), lymphopenia (55.9%), elevated AST/ALT (66.1%), hypoalbuminemia (46.9%), limphadenopathy (10.6%), brain space occuping lesion (7.6%), encephalopathy (6.0%), pulmonary tb and pleural effusion (10.6%). The opportunistic and co-infections present were candidiasis (25.8%), chronic hepatitis C (24.2%), chronic hepatitis B and C (4.5%), pulmonary tb, lymphadenitis and miliary tb. Candidiasis and pulmonary tb were frequently found in public hospital. In conclusion from this study that clinical manifestation of HIV/AIDS were young man or woman, with one or more possible risk factor, had fever, respiratory complain, loss of body weight, chronic diarrhea, fatique, oral trush, anemia, leucopenia, lymphopenia. Patients admitted in private hospital had varied complain; and patients that admitted in public hospital had more severe and advance condition. (Med J Indones 2004; 13: 232-6)"
Medical Journal of Indonesia, 2004
MJIN-13-4-OctDec2004-232
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Pohan, Herdiman Theodorus
The correlation between total lymphocyte count and the number of candida colony from the oral cavity in HIV/AIDS patients
"Infeksi HIV menyebabkan menurunnya jumlah sel T helper(Th) yang memudahkan terjadinya infeksi oportunistik. Salah satu infeksi oportunistik tersering adalah infeksi kandida di orofaring dan esofagus. Untuk mendeteksi peningkatan koloni Kandida tidak mudah, jumlah CD4 dapat digunakan sebagai rujukan. Pada kenyataannya hanya sedikit sentra laboratorium yang menyediakan fasilitas pemeriksaan CD4. Dilakukan penelitian cross-sectional untuk menentukan hubungani antara jumlah limfosit total dengan intensitas koloni kandida di orofaring pasien-pasien HIV/AIDS. Penelitian dilakukan di poliklinik dan bangsal rawat inap RS Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo dari Agustus 2004 sampai Januari 2005. Subyek penelitian diwawancarai, menjalani pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan darah dan kultur sampel kumur pasien. Sejumlah 60 subyek terdiri dari 52 pria(86.7%) dan 8 wanita(13.3%). Rata-rata hitung limfosit total adalah 1194.53 sel/µL. Kandidosis orofaring terdapat pada 44 pasien(73.3%).Terdapat kecenderungan jumlah koloni Kandida yang tinggi pada jumlah limfosit total pasien yang rendah, walaupun tidak terdapat korelasi signifikan di antara keduanya. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara jumlah limfosit total pada klas koloni Kandida yang positif dan negatif. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 147-51)
HIV infection causes qualitative and quantitative reduction of the T helper (Th) subset of T lymphocytes, facilitating opportunistic infection. One of the common opportunistic infections among HIV/AIDS patients is Candida infection in the oropharynx and esophagus. Detection of increased Candida colonialization is not always easy, CD4 count is a parameter that could be used as reference. The fact is there?s only few laboratory can provide CD4 count. This study is a cross-sectional correlative study to determine the relation between total lymphocyte count as a much more applicable laboratory parameter and the intensity of Candida colonization in the oropharyngeal cavity of patients with HIV infection/AIDS. It was performed in the outpatient ward and inpatient ward of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, from August 2004 to January 2005. The selected study subjects underwent interview, physical examination and had their blood samples and gargle samples taken. 60 study subjects were recruited, consisting of 52 males (86.7%) and 8 females (13.3%). The mean total lymphocyte count was 1194.53 cells/μL. Oropharyngeal candidiasis was found in 44 subjects (73.3%). There is a trend of higher Candida colonies number with lower total lymphocyte count despite no significant correlation between total lymphocyte count and the number of Candida colonies in the oral cavity of patients with HIV infection/AIDS. There is significant different between total lymphocyte count in positive and negative Candida colonies. (Med J Indones 2005; 14: 147-51)"
Medical Journal of Indonesia, 2005
MJIN-14-3-JulSep2005-147
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Nur Aini Puspo Rani
Persepsi orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) terhadap diskriminasi petugas layanan kesehatan : studi kasus Wina, Zacky dan Sisil = People living with hivs (PLWH) a perception against public health workers discrimination : case studies of Wina, Zacky and Sisil
"Skripsi ini membahas diskriminasi petugas layanan kesehatan terhadap Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA). Studi ini merupakan studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif terhadap tiga orang ODHA yakni Wina, Zacky dan Sisil. Skripsi ini menggunakan teori stigma Goffman yang terdiri dari tiga jenis stigma yaitu kecacatan tubuh, perusakan karakter dan tribal stigma. Kemudian juga menggunakan tiga jenis hubungan individu yaitu orang yang distigmatisasi, orang normal, dan orang yang dilabel sebagai pendukung. Skripsi ini mencari jawaban mengapa masih adanya diskriminasi petugas layanan kesehatan. Temuan penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga yakni (1) stigma sebagai penyebab masih adanya diskriminasi yang dilakukan oleh petugas layanan kesehatan, (2) adanya perbedaan persepsi diskriminasi antara petugas layanan kesehatan dan ODHA, (3) dan perlunya hubungan komunikasi yang baik antara pasien dan ODHA agar keberlangsungan perawatan ODHA semakin baik.
This thesis discusses about public health workers? discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS. This thesis is case studies based on qualitative approach of three PLWH which are Wina, Zacky and Sisil. This thesis uses Goffman?s theory on three types of stigma which are abominations of the body, blemishes of individual character and tribal stigma. Three types of individual relationship between the stigmatized/own, the normal and the wise is also used. This thesis seeks out an answer of why there is still public health workers? discrimination against PLWH/A. The result of this study is covered in answers stigma as the cause of as to why there is still public health workers? discrimination, (2) different perceptions about discrimination among public health workers? and PLWH/A, (3) and there is a need of good communication between public health worker?s and PLWH/A which can guarantee the healthcare of PLWH to be continuously better."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia, 2016
S61992
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
<<   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10   >>