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"Tesis ini membahas implementasi Kerjasama Subregional IMT-GT yang terfokus pada strategi pertama mengenai investasi dan perdagangan di Indonesia, khususnya di Provinsi Bengkulu dan Kepulauan Riau. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain eksplanatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan terdapat dua temuan. Pertama, tren investasi dan perdagangan dalam Kerjasama Subregional IMT-GT cenderung didominasi oleh Malaysia. Kedua, terdapat indikasi bahwa Indonesia belum mengoptimalkan kerjasama subregional tersebut. Mempertimbangkan temuan-temuan tersebut, penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya pendekatan kerangka kerjasama yang bottom up dan melakukan studi atau kajian khusus mengenai kerjasama subregional serupa yang terdahulu maupun kerjasama subregional saat ini, dalam rangka mengoptimalkan manfaat kerjasama subregional tersebut.

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This thesis explores the implementations of IMT-GT subregional cooperations that focus on the first strategy about investment and trade in Bengkulu and Riau Island Provinces. The research methods of this paper were qualitative and explanative research. Based on the research, there are two findings; first, trends of investments and trade were dominated by Malaysia. Second, there are indications that Indonesia has not optimized this subregional cooperation. According to those findings, there are two recommendations; first, the need of a new approach towards bottom up cooperations is very crucial. Second, the need of a specific study related to any subregional cooperation that would enhance the benefits of such cooperations."

"ABSTRACTRainfed paddy fields cover a large area in Northeast Thailand. Rice production there is known to be highly variable, with generally low yields. With the Thai economy developing rapidly since the 19603, an increasing number of farmers have sought employment in the non-farm sector. As a result. some worry that rice growing in this region might decline or even disappear. In reality, however, it continues to play an important role in ensuring basic food security to rural households. This study investigates technological advances in rice growing during this period of rapid economic growth in Don Daeng village using a dataset spanning approximately 50 years. The results indicate that farmers adopted small-scale agricultural machines, irrigation technologies, land consolidation, high yielding varieties, chemical fertilizers, and the direct seeding method on their own initiative. These technologies and methods contributed to increasing rice yields and stabilizing production. They also appear to have substantially improved labor productivity, allowing farmers to procure their main food supply from their paddy fields while earning an additional income from the off farm sector, which could then be reinvested in agriculture. Thus, the interaction between these sectors is currently supporting small scale rice production in peri urban villages in Northeast Thailand. "

"Penelitian ini menelusuri faktor – faktor yang mendorong Malaysia-GT berkembang lebih pesat bila dibandingkan dengan Indonesia-GT dan Thailand-GT dalam skema IMT-GT (Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand Growth Triangle). IMT-GT merupakan skema kerja sama sub-kawasan di ASEAN yang didirikan pada tahun 1993. Sempat mengalami stagnasi pada periode 1997 – 2004, IMT-GT kembali mengalami revitalisasi pada tahun 2005. Hingga berakhirnya periode pengimplementasian cetak biru pertamanya pada tahun 2016, masing-masing wilayah dalam IMT-GT telah menunjukkan perkembangan, khususnya pada bidang ekonomi. Namun, Malaysia-GT memiliki perkembangan yang paling signifikan dari ketiganya. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini menganalisis faktor di balik perkembangan ekonomi wilayah Malaysia-GT yang lebih signifikan melalui empat variabel konsep segitiga pertumbuhan, yakni; (1) Jarak Geografis; (2) Economic Complementarity dan Infrastruktur; (3) Komitmen Politik dan Partisipasi Sektor Swasta; dan (4) Keberadaan Katalis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan analisis komparatif serta menggunakan studi pustaka dan wawancara dalam mencari data. Analisis penelitian ini menemukan adanya empat poin yang mendasari perkembangan ekonomi Malaysia-GT. Pertama, Malaysia-GT memiliki lokasi strategis yang menguntungkan dalam hal kedekatan geografis dengan dua wilayah lainnya dan mampu mengatasi hambatan geografis di antara mereka. Kedua, Malaysia-GT memiliki tingkat economic complementarity yang tinggi dengan kedua wilayah lainnya dan ditunjang oleh pembangunan infrastruktur yang memadai. Ketiga, komitmen politik Malaysia-GT dalam mengembangkan ekonomi wilayah Malaysia-GT lebih kuat dari Indonesia-GT serta Thailand-GT, yang mana hal ini berimplikasi pada partisipasi sektor swasta yang lebih besar pula. Keempat, Pemerintah Federal, ADB, serta pihak swasta dalam Malaysia-GT berhasil menunjukkan perannya yang kuat dalam mendorong perkembangan ekonomi wilayah. Dengan demikian, keunggulan yang dimiliki oleh Malaysia-GT dalam empat variabel tersebut merupakan alasan di balik perkembangan ekonomi Malaysia-GT.

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This study explores factors that drive Malaysia-GT to develop more rapidly in comparison to Indonesia-GT and Thailand-GT in the IMT-GT (Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand Growth Triangle) scheme. IMT-GT is a sub-regional cooperation scheme in ASEAN which was established in 1993. Had experienced stagnation in the 1997 – 2004 period, IMT-GT underwent a revitalization in 2005. Until the end of the first implementation blueprint in 2016, each region in the IMT-GT has shown steady progress, particularly in the economic field. However, Malaysia-GT has shown the most significant development of all three. Therefore, this study investigates the reasons behind Malaysia-GT’s rapid development through four growth triangle concepts variables, namely; (1) Geographical Proximity; (2) Economic Complementarity and Infrastructure; (3) Political Commitment and Private Sector Participation; and (4) Catalyst. This study uses qualitative methods with comparative analysis and uses literature and interviews in data accumulation. The analysis of this study found four points that underlie the Malaysia-GT economic development. First, Malaysia-GT has a strategic location that is advantageous in terms of geographical proximity with the other two regions and is able to overcome the geographical barriers between them. Second, Malaysia-GT has a high level of economic complementarity with the two other regions and is supported by adequate infrastructure development. Third, Malaysia-GT has a stronger political commitment in developing the region’s economy rather than Indonesia-GT and Thailand-GT, in which this aspect has implications for greater private sector participation. Fourth, the Federal Government, ADB, and private sector, as the catalysts of Malaysia-GT, has succeeded in displaying its strong role in driving the economic development. Thus, the eminence of Malaysia-GT in these four variables are the reason behind the significant development of the Malaysia-GT economy.

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