Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"This book deals with military defeat and national catastrophe, and their implications for society. When the First Balkan War broke out in October 1912, few Ottomans anticipated that it would prove to be a watershed moment for the empire, ending in atrocities, ignominy, national catastrophe, and the loss of its remaining provinces in the Balkans. Defeat at the hands of an alliance of Balkan states comprising Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia and Montenegro created deep national trauma and led to bitter soul-searching, giving rise to a so-called culture of defeat in which condemnation, exclusion of the non-Muslim minorities, criticism over the project of Ottomanism, and calls for national rejuvenation prevailed in a way clearly at odds with the reformist discourse which followed the young turk revolution of 1908. This book discusses some of the different visual and written products of the defeat, published in Ottoman local languages (Turkish, Arabic and Ladino), with the aim of understanding the experience of defeat, how it was perceived, analyzed and commemorated by different sectors in Ottoman society, to show that it is key to understanding the decisions and actions of the Ottoman political elite during the subsequent world war one and the early decades of the Turkish Republic."

"Historically, the Balkans has been the object of territory disputes since 14th century. Surrounding countries have fought to expand their sphere of influence over the area. This is unsurprising, given the strategic value of the Balkan countries even now. The fact of the matter is the demand for natural gas in Europe is increasing annually, while at the same time the rate of gas production is steadily plummeting. For this very reason, the West makes if a top priority to keep Balkan countries stable and peaceful, especially because it will secure gas supply from Central Asia to Europe. On the other hand, Russia will not remain silent under the threat of encroachment upon its sphere of influence by the West. To understand this issue, the author uses geopolitics perspective and Heartland theory by Sir Halford J. Mackinder (1861 - 1947) as a framework to analyze the behavior of great powers that are involved in this conflict of interest."

"The book provides detailed information on research applying both traditional and innovative techniques and summarizes contemporary knowledge on recent geomorphic processes. It also presents studies of exogenic geomorphic processes from each country. The chapters on Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Ukraine, Hungary, Romania, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria and Macedonia examine the geomorphic processes in shaping the topography of each country. This volume also examines key geomorphic processes influencing land use and economic activities as well as contributions discussing processes under climate change."