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"Selected papers submitted by participants of the international Conference “Stochastic Analysis and Applied Probability 2010” ( www.saap2010.org ) make up the basis of this volume. The SAAP 2010 was held in Tunisia, from 7-9 October, 2010, and was organized by the “Applied Mathematics & Mathematical Physics” research unit of the preparatory institute to the military academies of Sousse (Tunisia), chaired by Mounir Zili. The papers cover theoretical, numerical and applied aspects of stochastic processes and stochastic differential equations. The study of such topic is motivated in part by the need to model, understand, forecast and control the behavior of many natural phenomena that evolve in time in a random way. Such phenomena appear in the fields of finance, telecommunications, economics, biology, geology, demography, physics, chemistry, signal processing and modern control theory, to mention just a few. As this book emphasizes the importance of numerical and theoretical studies of the stochastic differential equations and stochastic processes."

"This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Workshop on Security, IWSEC 2012, held in Fukuoka, Japan, in November 2012. The 16 revised selected papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 53 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: implementation; encryption and key exchange; cryptanalysis; and secure protocols."

"This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Experimental Algorithms, SEA 2012, held Bordeaux, France, in June 2012. The 31 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 64 submissions and present current research in the area of design, analysis, and experimental evaluation and engineering of algorithms, as well as in various aspects of computational optimization and its applications."

"Masalah gizi terbagi menjadi masalah gizi makro dan mikro. Masalah gizi makro adalah masalah gizi yang disebabkan karena kekurangan atau ketidakseimbangan asupan energi dan protein. Bila terjadi pada anak balita maka akan mengakibatkan marasmus, kwashiorkor atau marasmik-kwashiorkor dan selanjutnya akan terjadi gangguan pertumbuhan pada anak usia sekolah. Anak usia sekolah yang menderita kekurangan gizi juga memiliki kekurangan gizi mikro (micronutrient) zat besi dan seng (zinc), hal tersebut sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan fisik dan perkembangan potensi intelektualnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang dikumpulkan oleh Departemen Gizi Fakultas Kedokteran UI tahun 2008 pada penelitian 'Micronutrient Status After Milk Supplementation in Urban-Poor Schoolchildren in Jakarta and Solo' dan penelitian oleh Yuniarty (2008) 'Status Gizi Anak Sekolah Usia 7 -9 tahun di Daerah Miskin Perkotaan Jakarta Setelah Penghentian Susu Fortifikasi' yang dilaksanakan pada bulan agustus 2007 sampai dengan bulan Mei 2008. Data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji regresi generalized estimating equation (GEE). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan berat badan dan tinggi badan anak pada anak yang diberi intervensi, tidak ada perbedaan status gizi antara anak yang diberi susu fortifikasi dengan anak yang diberi susu tanpa fortifikasi, dan status gizi pada anak yang diberi susu fortifikasi dan susu tanpa fortifikasi tidak dipengaruhi oleh asupan makanan, penghasilan orang tua, jumlah anak dalam keluarga, pendidikan ibu dan kebiasaan minum susu. Disarankan, untuk mengetahui efek pemberian susu fortifikasi zat besi dan seng terhadap status gizi diperlukan waktu penelitian yang lebih lama dan menggunakan sampel anak yang mempunyai gizi baik maupun buruk.

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Nutrient problem comprises of macronutrient and micronutrient. Macronutrient problem is caused by lack of or imbalance between energy and protein. When it happens to children it will cause marasmus, kwashiorkor or marasmic-kwashiorkor and result in growth interference. Children in the school period who suffer from lack of nutrient will also suffer from lack of micronutrient iron and zinc, which would influence their physical and intellectual potential growth.

This research utilizes secondary data which collected by Nutrient Department of Medical Faculty of UI year 2008 on the research of 'Micronutrient Status After Milk Supplementation in Urban-Poor Schoolchildren in Jakarta and Solo' and research by Yuniarty(2008) 'Nutrient Status for Schoolchildren Ages 7-9 years old in Urban-Poor Jakarta after the Discontinuance of Fortified Milk' (Status Gizi Anak Sekolah Usia 7-9 tahun di Daerah Miskin Perkotaan Jakarta Setelah Penghentian Susu Fortifikasi) which carried out on August 2007 until May 2008. The data was analyzed using regression test 'Generalized Estimating Equation' (GEE).

Result of those studies show that the weight and height of the children who were given intervention were increasing, with no nutrient status differences between the children who were given fortified milk and the children who were given unfortified milk. The nutrient status is not influenced by food, parenting income, total children in family, mother education or milk drinking habit. It is suggested though, that a longer and more extensive research using a wider sample of children with good and bad nutrient status is needed to find out how iron and zinc in fortified milk would affect the nutrient status in children."

"Prevalensi kurang gizi baik makro maupun mikro pada anak sekolah cukup tinggi. Hal ini akan berdampak buruk terhadap kemampuan belajar dan prestasi di sekolah, daya tahan tubuh, pertumbuhan dan berkurangnya nafsu makan (Soemantri, 1985; Chwang et al. 1988, Lawless, 1994, Soekarjo, 2001). Karenanya, masalah ini harus ditangani dengan baik. Salah satu upaya yang depat dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan suplementasi susu yang difortifikasi besi dan seng.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah efek suplementasi susu 2 kali sehari selama 6 bulan, dapat memperbaiki status gizi pada pengukuran 3 bulan setelah suplementasi dihentikan.Rancangan penelitian ini adalah longitudinal, prospektif observational study selama 3 bulan, yang dilakukan kepada anak berusia 7-9 tahun di daerah miskin perkotaan Jakarta. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai Bulan Februari hingga Mei 2008, di 5 SDN di kelurahan Balimester dan Kampung Melayu, Kecamatan Jatinegara, Jakarta Timur.Jumlah sampel sebanyak 209 anak, dimana 107 orang anak selama 6 bulan mendapatkan suplementasi susu yang difortifikasi besi dan seng (kelompok susu fortitikasi) dan 102 orang mendepatkan susu non fortili.kasi (kelompok susu non fortitikasi). Pengukuran antropometri, asupan makanan dan karakteristik subject dilakukan 3 bulan setelah suplementasi dihentikan.Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan, terdapat hubungan bermakna antara status gizi pade 0 bulan, status gizi pade 6 bulan, asupan protein, jumlah anak, penghasilan orang tua dan tingkat pendidikan ibu terhadap status gizi pada saat 3 bulan setelah suplemenlasi dihentikan.Pemberian suplementasi susu, baik yang difortifikasi besi dan seng maupun tanpa fortikfikasi, 2 kali sehari selama 6 bulan dapat meningkatkan status gizi pada pengukuran 3 bulan setelah suplementasi dihentikan. Juga tidak terjadi perubahan status gizi antara pengukuran diakhir suplamentasi dengan 3 bulan setelahnya. Status gizi anak sangat ditentukan oleh asupan hariannya. Asupan harian anak pada penelitian ini sebagian besar kurang dari 80% AKG, sehingga mereka sangat berisiko kekurangan gizi baik makro maupun mikro. Usaha-usaha yang telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah antara lain memberikan suplemenlasi zat gizi, pemberian makanan tambahan anak sekolah (PMTAS) perlu dilanjutkan. Pembarian susu yang difortifikasi zat gizi dapat dijadikan satu alternatif pilihan.

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Prevalence of micro and macronutrient deficiency are quite high in school-age children. It can make detrimental effects on learning ability, school performance, resistance to disease, physical growth and appetite (Soemantri, 1985; Chwang et al. 1988, Lawless, 1994, Soekarjo, 2001). Therefore, the problem should be bendled seriously. Iron and zinc fortified milk supplementation is one alternative to improve nutritional status.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a six months iron, zinc fortified milk which had been given twice a day to undernourished children aged 7-9 years in poor urban area of Jakarta, on their nutrient intake, anthropometry indices and nutritional status after 3 months supplementation begin stopped.Design of this study is observational, prospective kohort. The study had been lasted 3 months, February to May 2008 in 5 Primary Schools. Two hundred and nine subjects who participated in previous study were observed and measured their nutritional status, anthropometry indices and socio-economic characteristic. A hundred and seven subjects received iron-zinc fortified milk and a hundred and two subjects received regular milk for 6 months.Iron and zinc fortified or non fortified milk supplementation, twice a day for 6 months, improve nutritional status, anthropometry indices when measured 3 months after supplementation or the effect of nutritional status improvement still has been maintained when measured 3 months later.Bivariat analysis results had been shown, there was a signilicant relationship between nutritional status before and after supplementation on nutritional status next 3 months. Also there was found and significant result on protein intake, number of child, parent revenue and mother educational level on nutritional status 3 months after supplementation.Nutritional status of children will be related to their daily nutrient intake. After the milk supplementation was stopped, their daily food intake becoming decrease. Their dally nutrient intake mostly less than 80 % RDA and make them have high risk of macro-micro nutrient deficiency. Some efforts have been done by govermnent such as micronutrient supplementation, complementary food for school children, suppose to be continued. Another alternative has been offered by this study result was giving fortified milk supplementation."