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"Pencemaran timbal merupakan masalah yang serius bagi biota akuatik. Ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio) menjadi salah satu komoditas penting dalam perikanan dan merupakan ikan yang sering dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Penggunaan zeolit dinilai dapat membantu dalam adsorpsi logam berat di dalam air sehingga akan mengurangi akumulasi logam berat pada ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan zeolit yang dioptimalkan dengan menempelkan serbuk pada material non-woven sheet menjadi zeolite embedded sheet (ZES) terhadap konsentrasi akhir timbal di dalam air dan akumulasinya pada Cyprinus carpio di akuarium. Akuarium dengan perlakuan ZES diduga akan menurunkan konsentrasi akhir timbal di dalam air. Selain itu, penggunaan ZES dapat mengurangi potensi akumulasi timbal pada Cyprinus carpio. Hasilnya zeolite embedded sheet (ZES) terbukti memberi pengaruh terhadap penurunan logam timbal pada air dan ikan dengan persentase penyisihan timbal mencapai 91,78% pada air dan >80% pada ikan. Berdasarkan uji statistik Two-Way ANOVA, perlakuan (ZES dan tanpa ZES) dan perbedaan konsentrasi awal memberi pengaruh terhadap nilai konsentrasi akhir timbal pada air dengan nilai p value sebesar <0,001 dan 0,038. Tidak terdapat pengaruh kombinasi antara perlakuan (Tanpa ZES dan ZES) dan faktor konsentrasi awal terhadap konsentrasi akhir di air. Berdasarkan uji-t berpasangan, pada akuarium dengan konsentrasi air 0,02 dan 0,04 mg/L memiliki Sig.(2-tailed) sebesar 0,002 dan 0,001. Artinya pada konsentrasi tersebut ZES memengaruhi konsentrasi timbal pada tubuh ikan. Namun, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan penggunaan ZES terhadap konsentrasi timbal pada ikan pada akuarium dengan konsentrasi air 0,03 mg/l dengan nilai Sig.(2-tailed) sebesar 0,06.

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Lead contamination poses a serious problem for aquatic organisms. Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) is an important commodity in fisheries and is frequently consumed by the public. The use of zeolite is considered to help in the absorption of heavy metals in water, thereby reducing the accumulation of heavy metals in fish. This study aims to investigate the effects of optimized zeolite utilization, by attaching zeolite powder to a non-woven sheet material to create zeolite embedded sheet (ZES), on the final concentration of lead in water and the accumulation of heavy metals in Cyprinus carpio. The hypothesis is that a ZES-treated aquarium will reduce the final concentration of lead in the water and potentially reduce lead accumulation in Cyprinus carpio. The results showed that zeolite embedded sheet (ZES) had a significant effect on reducing lead levels in water and fish, with a lead removal percentage of 91.78% (in water) and >80% (in fish). Based on the Two-Way ANOVA statistical test, the treatment (with or without ZES) and the initial concentration difference had a significant effect on the final lead concentration in water, with significance values of 0.001 and 0.038, respectively. However, there is no interaction effect between treatments (with and without ZES) and initial concentration factors on the final lead concentration in water. Paired t-tests indicate that ZES significantly affects lead concentration in fish at water concentrations of 0.02 and 0.04 mg/L, with Sig.(2-tailed) values of 0.002 and 0.001, respectively. However, there is no significant difference in ZES usage on lead concentration in fish at a water concentration of 0.03 mg/L, with a Sig.(2-tailed) value of 0.06."

"ABSTRAKKegiatan peleburan logam dan aki bekas yang dilakukan di Desa Pesarean, Kabupaten Tegal menimbulkan limbah buangan terbuka yang belum diolah dengan cara yang tepat. Limbah tersebut dapat mempengaruhi kualitas lingkungan sekitarnya, terutama tanah. Limbah akibat peleburan logam bekas dan aki bekas yang dilakukan menimbulkan limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun yaitu timbal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh konsentrasi timbal pada lingkungan khususnya tanah dan air tanah, menganalisis dampak kesehatan dari kasus tersebut dan upaya pengendalian yang telah dilakukan untuk mengurangi paparan pada kesehatan serta memilih teknik yang tepat untuk mengendalikan pencemaran tanah akibat kegiatan ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder, kuesioner dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan konsentrasi timbal pada tanah tahun 2012 terdapat di wilayah pembuangan limbah yang mencapai 14.343 ppm, dan konsentrasi tertinggi pada tahun 2015 berada di wilayah pemukiman dan tumpukan limbah yang mencapai 398.489 ppm. Pada air tanah, konsentrasi timbal masih di bawah baku mutu air bersih. Sedangkan, dampak kesehatan yang muncul akibat paparan timbal adalah gejala keracunan timbal kronis seperti gangguan pada pencernaan seperti nyeri perut, gangguan pada saraf yang ditandai dengan pusing dan sulit berkonsentrasi, gangguan pada darah dan dampak kronis terparah adalah kecacatan mental pada 5 anak dalam satu keluarga. Sosialisasi dengan pemberian pengetahuan serta penyuluhan untuk berperilaku sehat telah dilakukan dengan cukup baik. Teknik pengendalian pencemaran yang dilakukan yang tepat saat ini adalah secara ex-situ dengan metode fisika yaitu mengganti tanah terkontaminasi pengerukan tanah terkontaminasi dengan tanah bersih yang baru. Kata kunci: kesehatan manusia, polusi tanah, teknik remediasi, timbal

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ABSTRACTAbstract The smelting of metal and used battery which was carried out in Pesarean Village, Tegal District resulted a huge amount of openly waste that has not been processed properly. The waste can affect the quality of environment, especially the soil. This waste contains heavy metal such as lead that counted as a hazardous and toxic waste materials lead. The aims of this study were to analyze the effect of lead concentration on the environment, especially soil and groundwater, analyze the health impact of the case and the controlling that have been done to reduce health exposure towards people and choose an appropriate techniques to control the pollution of the soil due to this activity. The method that has been used in this study were quantitative and qualitative methods using secondary data, questionnaires and interviews. The results showed that the concentration of lead in soil in 2012 in waste disposal area reached 14,343 ppm, and the highest concentration in 2015 was in residential and dumpsite area with concentration 398,489 ppm. In groundwater, lead concentrations was still below the water quality standard. Meanwhile, the health effects that resulted from lead exposure were symptoms of chronic lead poisoning such as digestive disorders such as abdominal pain, nervous disorders characterized by dizziness and difficulty concentrating, blood disorders and the worst chronic effects that founded was 5 children in a family with mental disability. Socialization with the provision of knowledge and counseling for healthy behavior has been done fairly well. The current pollution control technique that can be concucted is ex situ using physics method with replacing contaminated soil dig and take the contaminated soil with uncontaminated soil.. Keywords lead, human health, soil pollution, remediation technique"

"Penggunaan BBM di Indonesia masih didominasi oleh penggunaan bensin bertimbal, sehingga makin besar konsumsi energi BBM dari bensin bertimbal, maka makin tinggi tingkat pencemaran timbal (Pb) di udara ambien. Efek Pb terhadap sistem haemapoietic menyebabkan berkurangnya synthesis haemoglobin dan rnenyebabkan anemia. Di Kota Sukabumi saat ini penggunaan bahan bakar minyak (BBM) masih didominasi oleh penggunaan bensin bertimbal. Salah satu pekerja yang memiliki resiko tinggi terpapar Pb adalah pegawai UPTD Terminal Dinas Perhubungan Kota Sukabumi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pb di udara ambien dan hubungannya dengan Pb dalam darah serta kejadian anemia pada pegawai UPTD Terminal Dinas Perhubungan Kota Sukabumi Tahun 2007.Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Populasi dan sampel adalah pegawai UPTD Terminal, dengan besar sampel sebanyak 44 pegawai yang diambil secara total sampling. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya diolah secara statistik menggunakan teknik analisis distribusi frekuensi dan uji chi square.Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa : ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar Pb di udara ambien pada lingkungan kerja dengan kadar Pb dalam darah pada pegawai, ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar Pb dalam darah dengan kadar Hb darah pada pegawai, dan ada hubungan yang signiiikan antara umur dengan kadar Pb dalam darah pada pegawai UPTD Terminal. Selanjutnya, didapat bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara; kebiasaan merokok, memakai masker, dengan kadar Pb dalam darah pada pegawai UPTD Temainal.Hasil penelitian ini semakin memperjelas betapa pentingnya pengendalian pencemaran udara khususnya pencemaran Pb di udara Upaya penghapusan bensin bertimbal sudah tidak dapat ditunda lagi untuk mencegah dampak kesehatan dan kerugian biaya yang ditanggung oleh masyarakat.

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BBM usage in Indonesia still dominated by lead gasoline, so that consumption of BBM energy from lead gasoline increasing, then lead (Pb) pollution level in ambient air is more and more increasing. Pb effect toward haemopoietic system caused the decreasing of hemoglobin synthesis and causing anemia. At Sukabumi recently, BBM usage still dominated by lead gasoline usage. One of the workers that has high risk of exposed to Pb is Terminal UPTD employee of Sukaburni City Transportation Department. The purpose of the study is to find out the relation between Pb in the ambient air and Pb in blood and anemia cases of transportation department a employees of UPTD terminal at Sukabumi 2007.Research design used is cross sectional. Population and sample are Tenninal UPTD employee, with total samples of 44 employees that gathered by total sampling. Further obtained data processed statistically using analysis technique of frequency distribution and chi square test.From research result, obtained that: there is significant relation between Pb level in ambient air of working environment with Pb level in employees blood, there is significant relation between Pb level in blood and blood Hb in employees, and there is significant relation between age and Pb level in employees blood of Terminal UPTD. Accumulation of Pb level could not define in those employees blood because exposed to Pb in ambient air of work environment Furthermore, obtained that there are no signiiicant relations between smoking behaviors along as well as using mask with Pb level in employees? blood of Terminal UPTD.The result of this research clarifies the importance of controlling air pollution especially from Pb contamination. The effort for elimination of gasoline containing Pb can not be delay to prevent the impact to health and the loss of expense that burden by the people."

"ABSTRAKPedagang ikan Muara Angke merupakan produsen sekaligus konsumen pertama yang mengonsumsi ikan dari Teluk Jakarta yang telah tercemar timbal. Apabila ikan yang terkontaminasi timbal dikonsumsi oleh manusia maka dapat menimbulkan risiko gangguan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat risiko kesehatan akibat pajanan timbal dari konsumsi ikan pada pedagang ikan melalui metode analisis risiko kesehatan lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan konsentrasi timbal dalam ikan sebesar 0,4 mg/kg, nilai chronic daily intake sebesar 0,001167847 mg/kg/hari, dengan lama pajanan 17 tahun, berat badan 61 kg, frekuensi pajanan 83 hari/tahun dan laju asupan 0,6736 kg/hari. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa pedagang ikan Muara Angke secara individu sudah tidak aman dan memiliki risiko gangguan kesehatan nonkarsinogenik akibat pajanan timbal dari konsumsi ikan untuk 10 tahun mendatang dengan asumsi bahwa sumber pajanan hanya berasal dari ikan.

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ABSTRACTMuara Angke fish traders are the first producer and consumer to consume fish from Jakarta Bay which has been polluted by lead. If fish contaminated by lead are consumed by humans then it may pose a risk of health problems. This study aims to determine the level of health risks due to lead exposure to fish consumption to fish traders through methods of environmental health risk analysis. The results showed rate concentration of lead in fish of 0,4 mg kg, chronic daily intake value of 0,001167847 mg kg day, with 17 years of exposure, body weight 61 kg, exposure frequency 83 days year and intake rate 0,6736 kg day. The result of the analysis show that Muara Angke fish traders individually are not safe and have risk of non carcinogenic health problems due to lead exposure of fish consumption for the next 10 years assuming that the source of exposure only comes from fish. "

"Anthropogenic changes to the marine environment are causing some considerable concern and yet there is very little information on the overall effects of either single or multiple human influences on species, populations, or, indeed, communities. The indication is that anthropogenic stressors have significantly altered the composition and diversity of marine communities at almost every trophic level, which can have profound effects on surviving species and ecosystems, especially when major processes are supported by a limited number of species. Studies investigating the effects of multiple stressors, however, are challenging as ecological changes are underpinned by physiological adjustments and differences in tolerance levels which are highly variable among and within species and populations. To provide a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of multiple stressors, this volume summarizes current understanding of the physiological and ecological responses of marine species to a wide range of potential stressors (salinity, hypoxia, ocean acidification, temperature, chemical pollution, nitrogen deposition, ultraviolet radiation, and noise), before it considers what is currently known about effects of multiple co-occurring stressors in the marine environment. Expertise, ranging from emerging early career researchers to leaders in the field, have been brought together to outline the responses shown by different marine species and habitats at different levels of biological and ecological organization, as well as to provide perspectives on potential future outcomes for some of the most pressing environmental issues facing society today."

"[Sepanjang 1.200 km garis pantai Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung terdapat potensi ekonomi yang meliputi perikanan dan wisata bahari. Namun di sisi lain, kemiskinan justru terjadi di wilayah perdesaan yang didominasi oleh desa pesisir. Padahal disitulah letak sumberdaya kelautan dan perikanan berada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi sektor prioritas dari aktivitas ekonomi yang terkait dengan sektor kelautan dan memproyeksikan estimasi investasi bagi pengelolaan sektor kelautan di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Analisis Input Output digunakan untuk menentukan aktivitas ekonomi yang terkait di dalamnya. Dengan pendekatan ICOR (Incremental Capital Output Ratio) diproyeksikan estimasi kebutuhan investasi selama kurun waktu 2015-2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sektor prioritas dikembangkan adalah wisata bahari; perikanan budidaya; industri pengolahan dan pengawetan ikan dan hasil biota air lainnya; jasa kelautan; dan bangunan kelautan . Nilai ICOR Kelautan Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung adalah 2.93, lebih efisien dibandingkan sektor kelautan secara nasional.;Bangka Belitung Province has 1,200 km coastline with big potential economic including fisheries and marine tourism. Otherwise, poverty has occurred in rural areas with dominated by coastal villages. While therein lies the marine and fisheries resources. This study aims to identify the priority sectors of economic activity associated with the marine sector and project investment estimate for the management of the marine sector in Bangka Belitung Province. Input Output Analysis is used to determine the priority of economic activity. With the approach of ICOR (Incremental Capital Output Ratio) projected of investment for 2015-2017 period. The results showed the priority sectors to be developed are marine tourism; aquaculture; fish processing; marine services; and marine building. ICOR for Marine development of Bangka Belitung Province is 2.93. It is more efficient than the national marine sector, Bangka Belitung Province has 1,200 km coastline with big potential economic including fisheries and marine tourism. Otherwise, poverty has occurred in rural areas with dominated by coastal villages. While therein lies the marine and fisheries resources. This study aims to identify the priority sectors of economic activity associated with the marine sector and project investment estimate for the management of the marine sector in Bangka Belitung Province. Input Output Analysis is used to determine the priority of economic activity. With the approach of ICOR (Incremental Capital Output Ratio) projected of investment for 2015-2017 period. The results showed the priority sectors to be developed are marine tourism; aquaculture; fish processing; marine services; and marine building. ICOR for Marine development of Bangka Belitung Province is 2.93. It is more efficient than the national marine sector]"