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"Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei s.d. Juli 2014, di PPN Karangantu Serang, Banten. Rastrelliger brachysoma (ikan kembung) merupakan ikan dengan nilai ekonomis penting dan disukai masyarakat. Peningkatan kebutuhan konsumsi ikan kembung mendorong peningkatkan upaya penangkapan, untuk memperoleh hasil tangkapan yang lebih besar. Ekploitasi sumber daya ikan kembung harus disertai dengan upaya pengelolaan untuk menjaga kelangsungan hidup sumber daya ikan kembung agar tetap lestari. Untuk melakukan pengelolaan diperlukan data dan informasi aspek perikanan dan aspek biologi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan data dan informasi beberapa aspek perikanan dan aspek biologi ikan kembung. Ikan sampel dikumpulkan dengan metode sampling sederhana. Sampel diambil secara acak dari hasil tangkapan jaring rampus yang beroperasi harian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebaran frekuensi panjang 14-18,5 cm dengan modus 16 cm, pola pertumbuhan bersifat allometrik negatif, nilai Lc 16,24 cm, nilai Lm ikan jantan 16,3 cm dan ikan betina 16 cm, nisbah kelamin seimbang dengan perbandingan jantan dan betina 1:1,24, fekunditas 64.830-128.520 butir, sebaran diameter telur 0,23-0,7 μm, pola pemijahan partial spawner. Ikan kembung adalah pemakan plankton , memakan phytoplankton dan zooplankton.

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The research was conducted in May to July 20014 in Karangantu Fishing Port. Rastrelliger brachysoma (short bodied mackerel) is an economically important fish and appreciated by the public. Due to Increasing consumption of short bodied mackerel, it encourages increasing fishing effort to obtain larger catches. Exploitation of short bodied mackerel resources must be accompanied by resources management to maintain the viability of fish resources for their sustainability. To manage resources, it needs data and information about fisheries aspects and biological aspects.

The purpose of this research is to obtain data and information of several fisheries and biological aspects of short bodied mackerel. Fish samples were collected with simple sampling method. Samples were taken randomly from the rampus nets (one day fishing operation).

The results showed that the length frequencies distribution were 14-18,5 cm with the modus 16 cm, the short bodied mackerel growth was allometric negative, the length at first capture was 16,24 cm, the length at first maturity for male 16,3 cm and female 16 cm. Sex ratios in equilibrium between male and female was 1 : 1,24, fecundity was 64.830-128.520 eggs with egg diameter ranged from 0,23-0,7 μm, where spawning pattern was partial spawned. Short bodied mackerel are plankton feeder, feeding both phytoplankton and zooplankton."

"Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Januari sampai Desember 2012 di Tegal, Jawa Tengah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji aspek perikanan meliputi : armada dan teknik penangkapan, daerah penangkapan, komposisi hasil tangkapan dan CPUE ( Catch per unit effort ); aspek biologi yang meliputi sebaran frekuensi panjang, hubungan panjang berat, nisbah kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad, ukuran pertama kali tertangkap, ukuran pertama kali matang gonad,fekunditas dan diameter telur, Indeks Kematangan Gonad, Musim memijah dan kebiasaan makan. Metode pengumpulan sampel yaitu diambil secara acak dari hasil tangkapan pukat cincin mini dan jaring insang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebaran frekuensi panjang ikan tongkol batik hasil tangkapan pukat cincin mini 13-55 cm dengan modus 25 cm, hasil tangkapan jaring insang 22-49 cm dengan modus 37 cm. Pertumbuhan bersifat isometrik. Nisbah kelamin dalam kondisi seimbang. Ukuran pertama kali matang gonad = 33,7 cm. Ukuran pertama kali tertangkap (Lc) dengan pukat cincin = 31,75 cm, sedangkan Lc dengan jaring insang = 38,85 cm. Fekunditas ikan tongkol batik berkisar 225.760 ? 2.601.500 butir telur, diameter telur berkisar antara 0,11? 0,65 mm, paling banyak pada ukuran 0,44 mm. Pola pemijahannya adalah memijah beberapa kali (partial spawner). Musim memijah ikan tongkol batik di Laut Jawa pada bulan Juni sampai Agustus. Ikan tongkol batik tergolong ikan karnivora yang mangsanya meliputi berbagai jenis ikan dan moluska.

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The study conducted from January to December 2012 in Tegal, Central Java. The purpose of this study to assess the fisheries aspects that include : fleet and fishing techniques, fishing ground, catch composition and CPUE ( Catch Per Unit Effort ); and aspects of biology that includes the length frequency distribution, length weight relationship, sex ratio, gonad maturity level, length at first capture, length at first maturity, gonad size, fecundity and egg diameter, Gonado Somatic Index, spawning season and food habits. Samples were collected random from the catches of mini purse seiner and gill nets.

The results showed that the distribution frequencies of kawakawa (tongkol batik, Euthynnus affinis) was caught by mini purse seine were 13-55 cm, with mode 25 cm, and those was caught by gill net were 22-49 cm, with mode 37 cm. Growth was isometric. Sex ratio was in equilibrium condition. The length at first capture of mini purse seine was = 31.75 cm, length at first capture of gill net was = 38.85 cm, length at first maturity = 33.7 cm. Fecundities of kawakawa were 225,760 - 2,601,500 eggs, egg diameter ranged from 0.11 - 0.65 mm, mode 0.44 mm. Spawning pattern was partial spawner. The spawning season of kawakawa in the Java Sea in June to August. kawakawa was classified as carnivores that the prey various types of fish and mollusks."

"Kabupaten Cirebon yang memiliki wilayah pesisir dan daerah pantai, tentu menjadikan sektor perikanan sebagai salah satu sektor unggulan. Rajungan merupakan salah satu komoditas yang sangat penting di Kabupaten tersebut, yang tercatat pada tahun 2010 menghasilkan 17% dari total hasil tangkapan yaitu 4756,3 ton. Akan tetapi pada akhir-akhir ini di daerah Cirebon, rajungan telah mengalami overfishing. Tesis ini mempelajari tentang biologi, kualitas air dan perikanan rajungan Portunus pelagicus di Cirebon. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aspek biologi rajungan di Cirebon, menganalisis potensi rajungan di Cirebon terkait isu overfishing, menganalisis parameter lingkungan dari perairan Cirebon, dan memahami aspek sosial nelayan rajungan di Cirebon. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum rajungan jantan lebih banyak tertangkap dengan rasio jenis kelamin 1,6:1, rajungan jantan juga memiliki ukuran tubuh relatif lebih besar dibandingkan dengan rajungan betina. Fekunditas rajungan betina bertelur berkisar antara 1,69 juta sampai dengan 1,95 juta butir telur dengan tingkat kematangan gonad (TKG) ada direntang antara TKG II sampai dengan TKG V. Panjang rajungan pertama kali matang gonad (Lm) berada pada nilai 115,89 mm dan panjang rajungan pertama kali tertangkap (Lc) berada pada nilai 117,93 mm. Di Cirebon, nilai maximum sustainable yield (MSY) rajungan sebesar 3190,5 ton/tahun, dan fMSY rajungan sebesar 341 unit armada penangkapan. Rajungan berada pada kondisi tangkap lebih. Lingkungan perairan sumberdaya rajungan, memiliki kisaran suhu antara 28°C dan 29°C, salinitas antara 25 ? dan 30 ?, derajat keasaman (pH) antara 7 dan 8, dan tingkat kecerahan antara 4 dan 5 meter.

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Cirebon District has a huge coastal areas, due to this condition, the district become to have a great fisheries, especially for swimming crab Portunus pelagicus fisheries. For instants, in 2010, the product of blue crab was recorded about 17% or 4756,3 ton in year.

This research is aimed to study about the biology, water quality and swimming crab fisheries of Portunus pelagicus in Cirebon areas. The purpose of this study are to know the biology aspect of Portunus pelagicus in Cirebon, to analyze the potential of Portunus pelagicus in Cirebon due to overfishing issue, to analyze environmental parameter of waters in Cirebon, and to understand social aspects of swimming crab fisherman in Cirebon.

The research shows that in general, the sex ratio of male-female is 1,6 : 1, the male has relatively large body size compared with the female. The fecundity of the female has ranges between 1,69 million and 1,95 million eggs with mature level of gonads (TKG) between TKG II and TKG V. The length of its first ripe gonads (Lm) is 115,89 mm and the length of its first caught (Lc) is 117,93 mm.

In Cirebon, the value of maximum sustainable yield (MSY) are 3190,5 tons per year, and fMSY are 341 units capture fleet. This crab is on the overfishing condition. Waters environmental parameters have the temperature range between 28°C and 29°C, the salinity between 25 ? - 30 ?, the degrees of acidity (pH) between 7 and 8, and the level of brightness between 4 and 5 meters."