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""Pozar's new edition of Microwave Engineering includes more material on active circuits, noise, nonlinear effects, and wireless systems. Chapters on noise and nonlinear distortion, and active devices have been added along with the coverage of noise and more material on intermodulation distortion and related nonlinear effects. On active devices, there's more updated material on bipolar junction and field effect transistors.New and updated material on wireless communications systems, including link budget, link margin, digital modulation methods, and bit error rates is also part of the new edition. Other new material includes a section on transients on transmission lines, the theory of power waves, a discussion of higher order modes and frequency effects for microstrip line, and a discussion of how to determine unloaded"--Provided by publisher."

"Pembagi daya optik berperan penting dalam pemrosesan daya optik. Di sisi lain, galium nitrida (GaN) adalah semikonduktor yang menjanjikan untuk divais elektronik dan fotonik yang beroperasi pada panjang gelombang untuk komunikasi optik. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan desain baru pembagi daya optik 1 × 4 menggunakan material GaN. Desain dikhususkan untuk panjang gelombang telekomunikasi optik 1,55 μm. Desain yang dilakukan terdiri dari kombinasi dari tiga pencabang Y dan pandu gelombang persegi. Struktur pencabang Y di sisi masukan digunakan untuk membagi daya optik menjadi dua, sedangkan dua struktur lainnya untuk menghasilkan keluaran yang terbagi menjadi empat. Pandu gelombang persegi terkopel berfungsi untuk memperlebar jarak antara keluaran pencabang Y pertama. Optimasi desain dilakukan menggunakan beam propagation method (BPM). Optimasi dilakukan dengan memvariasikan lebar dan tebal pandu gelombang, sudut pemisah, panjang pandu gelombang persegi terkopel, dan jarak antara pandu gelombang persegi terkopel (coupling gap). Hasil eksperimen numerik menunjukkan bahwa ukuran pandu gelombang persegi optimal untuk mendukung propagasi moda tunggal adalah: lebar 4 μm dan tebal 4 μm. Ditunjukkan pula bahwa sudut pemisah optimal pencabang Y adalah sebesar 1,9 ̊. Untuk bagian pandu gelombang persegi terkopel, panjang optimal untuk ketiga pandu gelombang persegi berturut-turut adalah 400 μm, 530 μm, dan 1870 μm, dengan coupling gap 1 μm. Berdasarkan hasil optimasi, desain yang dilakukan menghasilkan excess loss sebesar 0,096 dB dan imbalance sebesar 0,06 dB. Ditunjukkan pula bahwa pada rentang C-band (1,53 μm hingga 1,565 μm), nilai terendah excess loss dan imbalance berturut- turut sebesar 0,09 dB dan 0,02 dB, serta nilai tertinggi berturut-turut sebesar 0,11 dB dan 0,07 dB.

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Gallium nitride (GaN) semiconductor is a promising candidate for electronic and photonic devices operating at a wavelength for optical communications. Optical power divider as one of the passive components in optical communications is widely used. In this research, a novel 1 × 4 optical power divider using GaN semiconductor on sapphire was designed. The design was focused on optical telecommunication applications at the wavelength of 1.55 μm. The proposed design consists of a combination of three sets of Y-branch structures and rectangular waveguides coupling. The Y-branch structure at the input side was used to split the optical power into two beams while the other two Y-branch structures at the output side split it into four output beams. Rectangular waveguides coupling was designed to widen the splitting angle of the Y-branch structure at the input side. The design optimization was conducted by using the beam propagation method (BPM). The waveguide width and thickness, splitting angle of the Y-branch structure, the length of the rectangular waveguide for coupling, and coupling gap was optimized. The results of the numerical experiments showed that the waveguide was optimum to support single-mode propagation for width and thickness of 4 μm and 4 μm, respectively. It is also shown that the splitting angle for the Y-branches structure was optimum at 1.9 ̊. For the coupling section, the optimal length of the three rectangular waveguides were 400 μm, 530 μm, and 1870 μm, respectively, with a coupling gap of 1 μm. Based on the optimization results, the proposed design divided the optical power into four output beams with an excess loss of 0.096 dB and an imbalance of 0.06 dB. The performance of the design was also investigated through the C-band range (1.53 until 1.565 μm) which gave the proposed design the lowest excess loss and imbalance of 0.09 dB and 0.02 dB, respectively with the highest excess loss and imbalance of 0.11 dB and 0.07 dB."