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"People have been drawing lines on maps for as long as there have been maps to draw on. Sometimes rooted in physical geography, sometimes entirely arbitrary, these lines might often have looked very different if a war or treaty or the decisions of a handful of tired Europeans had gone a different way. By telling the stories of these borders, we can learn a lot about how political identities are shaped, why the world looks the way it does - and about the scale of human folly. From the Roman attempts to define the boundaries of civilisation, to the secret British-French agreement to carve up the Ottoman Empire during the First World War, to the reason why landlocked Bolivia still maintains a navy, this is a fascinating, witty and surprising look at the history of the world told through its borders"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prediksi orientasi dominansi sosial SDO dan identitas sosial terhadap intoleransi politik di Indonesia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian korelasional. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Skala Orientasi Dominansi Sosial dan Skala Intoleransi Politik Putra, 2007 serta adaptasi dari Alat Ukur Identitas Sosial Kusumawardhani, 2010 . Penelitian dilakukan pada 772 mahasiswa S1/D4 yang dilakukan dengan accidental sampling dengan mengisi kuesioner daring melalui tautan http://lurus.in/niatnya. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa SDO dapat memprediksi kemunculan intoleransi politik = 0,260, p < 0,05 , dan identitas sosial memiliki pengaruh yang kecil dalam memprediksi kemunculan intoleransi politik = 0,138, p < 0,05.

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This study aims to predict social dominance orientation SDO and social identities religion and ethnicity on political intolerance. This study used correlational method, and examine SDO with Skala Orientasi Dominansi Sosial Putra, 2007 , political intolerance with Skala Intoleransi Politik Putra, 2007 , and social identity with Alat Ukur Identitas Sosial Kusumawardhani, 2010 . The researcher used online questionnaire http lurus.in niatnya with 772 undergraduate students as sample with accidental sampling. The researcher found that SDO predicts political intolerance 0,260, p 0,05 and a small contribution of social identity to predict political intolerance 0,138, p 0,05."

"The language we use forms an important part of our sense of who we are, of our identity. This book outlines the relationship between our identity as members of groups, ethnic, national, religious and gender, and the language varieties important to each group. What is a language? What is a dialect? Are there such things as language ‘rights’? Must every national group have its own unique language? How have languages, large and small, been used to spread religious ideas? Why have particular religious and linguistic ‘markers’ been so central, singly or in combination, to the ways in which we think about ourselves and others? Using a rich variety of examples, the book highlights the linkages among languages, dialects and identities, with special attention given to religious, ethnic and national allegiances."

"In the political analysis, especially in accordance wilh the general election socio-political and socio economic research provides a geographical approach to Analyse Central of Java. Method and geographical elements :are used lo analyse the result of that general election, in which the spatial unitS are used to be analysed. The spatial units consist of 35 regions at kabupaten/kota level.

Vote dislribution of the top five political parties in the General Election of 1999 in every kabupatenlkota of Central Java province is presented through tables and maps. By using the method of Location Quotient, available to produce a vote bases maps, Prom those maps of vote bases, they are overlapped and the distribution of santri and abangan enclaves can be identified. Subsequently, these enclaves are described in a map.

A differentiation on region characteristics of vote gathering distribution among the top five parties is clearly described. In term of typology of region phisiography (high mountains- low land), there is a significant difference of vote gathering for the Party of Golkar, in which Golkar Party is concentrard in Southern Highland. ln term of typology of rural-urban, there is a significant difference of vote gathering for PKB and PAN. PAN is concentrated more in urban areas while PKB is concentrated in rural areas:. Whilst due to typology of coastal-hinterland, Golkar Party is concentrated in Southern Coastal areas while PKB in the Northern Coastal areas. In term of typology of karesidenan, the significant difference of vote gathering can be shown among PDI-P, PK.B, PPP and PAN.

There are 8 factors influencing vote gathering. Those influencing factors are : profession of farmers, the number of people listening to radios, the number of Center of Traditional Islamic Education, the mass bases for "Old" Golkar, young votern, the Muhammadiyah schools, the NU schools. and the welfare perspective, which categorized as the middle and high socio-economic status.

According to sensitivity test, it is found that 12 factors influence vote gathering. By synthesizing those factors , this research enables to describe three geographical entities in explaining the relalion between geographical characteristics and vote distribution. The geographical pattern can be shown as follows :

ln the Southern Coastal regions :

There are 9 factors influencing the vote gathering, are : population density. the farmer profession, number of people listening to radios, number of moslems, the Muhammmadiyah schools., Center of Traditional Islamic Education, mosques and other buildings dor islam praying, number of santri, and the mass of the old Golkar.

In the hinterland regions:

Those 12 factores have a role to influence the vote gathering. They are ; population of density, the age of 17-25 years, the farmer proffesion, second and third wealthy families, people listening to the radios, number of moslems, the NU schools, the Muhamadiyah schools, Center of Traditional Islamic Eduction, mosques and other buildings for Islam praying, number of santri and the mass of Old Golkar.

In the northern coastal regions

Those 12 factors have a role to influence the vote gathering. They are: population density, the age of 17-25 years, the farmer proffesion, second and third wealthy families, people listening to the radios, number of moslems, the NU schools, the Muhammadiyah schools, Center of Traditional Islamic Education, mosques and other buildings for Islam praying, number of santri, and the mass of the old Golkar."