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""Generations of clinicians, skin biologists, residents, and educators have acclaimed Fitzpatrick's as the most authoritative and complete guide to dermatologic basic sciences, histopathology, diagnosis, and treatment. Edition after edition, it reflects the latest insights into skin diseases and skin biology--and their practical relevance to general internal medicine--while covering the scientific foundations of the specialty. This classic yet cutting-edge text is supported by the expert insights of more than 500 internationally respected contributors, and it covers everything dermatologists need to know about skin, dermatologic signs of underlying disease, and the management of all skin diseases, including acne, skin cancer, and psoriasis. Features: More than 3000 full-color photographs ; DVD with image bank includes downloadable figures from the text ; New illustration style makes difficult concepts easier to understand ; Therapeutic ladders with first, second, and third line therapies ; New or thoroughly revised chapters on Psoriasis; Skin disease in immunosuppressed patients; Epidermal stem cells; Hair growth disorders; Neonatal, pediatric, and adolescent dermatology; Radiotherapy; Immunobiologicals and cytokines; Lasers for rejuvenation ; Expanded medical and surgical therapeutics sections guide you through all treatment options."--Publisher's website. "

""Generations of clinicians, skin biologists, residents, and educators have acclaimed Fitzpatrick's as the most authoritative and complete guide to dermatologic basic sciences, histopathology, diagnosis, and treatment. Edition after edition, it reflects the latest insights into skin diseases and skin biology--and their practical relevance to general internal medicine--while covering the scientific foundations of the specialty. This classic yet cutting-edge text is supported by the expert insights of more than 500 internationally respected contributors, and it covers everything dermatologists need to know about skin, dermatologic signs of underlying disease, and the management of all skin diseases, including acne, skin cancer, and psoriasis. Features: More than 3000 full-color photographs ; DVD with image bank includes downloadable figures from the text ; New illustration style makes difficult concepts easier to understand ; Therapeutic ladders with first, second, and third line therapies ; New or thoroughly revised chapters on Psoriasis; Skin disease in immunosuppressed patients; Epidermal stem cells; Hair growth disorders; Neonatal, pediatric, and adolescent dermatology; Radiotherapy; Immunobiologicals and cytokines; Lasers for rejuvenation ; Expanded medical and surgical therapeutics sections guide you through all treatment options."--Publisher's website."

"Sabun padat transparan merupakan sabun bening dengan kandungan transparency agent sehingga objek yang berada di balik sabun dapat terlihat dengan jelas. Kulit buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) terbukti kaya akan kandungan xanton yang memiliki potensi aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat tinggi terutama pada hasil fraksinasi diklorometana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan aktivitas antioksidan fraksi diklorometana dan membuat 5 formula sabun padat transparan. Setelah itu, dilakukan uji stabilitas fisik melalui pengamatan selama 8 minggu pada suhu kamar (28±2oC), suhu hangat (40±2oC), dan suhu dingin (4±2oC) serta pengukuran aktivitas antioksidan dari sediaan tersebut. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode peredaman DPPH (2,2-Difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil) untuk mengetahui nilai IC50 dari hasil fraksinasi diklorometana. Nilai IC50 fraksi diklorometana yaitu sebesar 13,9117 ppm. Sabun padat yang dihasilkan terbukti memiliki tingkat transparansi yang tinggi dengan persentase transmisi mendekati 100%. Sabun memiliki pH berkisar antara 9,55 - 9,60 dengan rentang kekerasan antara 22,5-27,17 1/10mm. Nilai IC50 pada formulasi BI, BII, FI, FII, dan FIII berturut-turut yaitu 29178,36; 10562,86; 13236,42; 11372,87; dan 5368,39 ppm. Kelima formulasi menunjukkan kestabilan fisik dengan parameter kestabilan di ketiga suhu yaitu organoleptis, pH, dan kekerasan.

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Transparent soap bar is clear soap which containing transparency agent so that objects behind it can be seen clearly. The mangosteen pericarp (Garcinia mangostana L.) has been proved rich in compounds of xanthone that has very high potential of antioxidant activity, especially in dichloromethane fraction. The aim of this study was examined activity of antioxidant from dichloromethane fraction and made five different transparent soap bar formulas. After that, it done stability test including the storage for eight weeks at room temperature, warm temperature (40±2oC), and cold temperature (4±2oC), and then activity of antioxidant examination from transparent soap bar.

The method of this study is based upon the use of stable free radical DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) to examine IC50 value of the dichloromethane fraction. IC50 values of dichloromethane fraction was 13,9117 ppm. The resulting soap bar has been proved high in transparency with percentage of transmission approaching 100% value. Transparent soap bar had a pH values between 9,55-9,50 with hardness ranging from 22,5-27,17 1/10 mm. IC50 values were found to be 29178,36; 10562,86; 13236,42; 11372,87; and 5368,39 ppm for BI, BII, FI, FII, and FIII, respectively. The five formulas showed physical stability with stability parameters in the three temperatures were organoleptic observation, pH, and hardness."

"Dermatology Essentials, edited by world authorities Drs. Jean L. Bolognia, Julie V. Schaffer, Karynne O. Duncan, and Christine J. Ko, provides the quick answers you need on every important aspect of dermatology and guidance on their application in your day-to-day practice. Derived from the renowned authoritative reference work Dermatology, 3rd Edition, this on-the-go reference distills the essential information needed to quickly diagnose and manage a wide range of dermatologic disorders-without the need for any additional resources. Review or refresh your knowledge of the fundamentals and diagnostic approaches of skin disease with unique introductory chapters providing the basic principles of dermatology, bedside diagnostics, and clinical approach to a fever and rash - extremely helpful for the beginner. Visualize more of the conditions you see in practice with over 1,500 clinical images, illustrations, and schematics. Avoid diagnostic pitfalls using practical tables, intuitive artworks, and logical algorithms. Find answers fast with a highly user-friendly, "easy-in-easy-out" format and a wealth of tables and schematics for instant visual comprehension. Expedite decision making with easily recognizable DDx and Rx sections to provide rapid direct reference to the expert guidance and treatment recommendations. Downloadable worksheets are also available. Make the most of electronic functionality with access to the complete contents online and in various ebook formats - making it easy to teach impromptu on a tablet in the clinic, or conduct more formal lecturing."

"Latar belakang: Keratosis seboroik (KS) merupakan salah satu tumor jinak epidermis yang paling sering ditemukan. Pada penelitian baru mengenai KS, vitamin D berperan melalui banyak mekanisme nongenomik, termasuk ekspresi protein dan mutasi gen FGFR3. Defisiensi vitamin D mengakibatkan gangguan proliferasi dan diferensiasi, sehingga mempengaruhi jumlah dan ukuran lesi KS. Di sisi lain pajanan matahari juga merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi baik kadar serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) maupun terhadap munculnya lesi KS. Pengukuran pajanan sinar matahari dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, salah satunya dengan menggunakan sun index. Sampai saat ini belum ada penelitian mengenai hubungan antara kadar serum 25(OH)D dan sun index dengan jumlah dan ukuran lesi KS.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan kadar serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D dan sun index (indeks pajanan matahari) dengan jumlah dan ukuran lesi keratosis seboroik pada wajah di Poliklinik Kulit dan Kelamin, RSUPN Dr. Cipto MangunkusumoMetode: Penelitian potong lintang ini melibatkan 50 pasien KS yang direkrut secara consecutive sampling pada bulan Desember 2018 hingga Mei 2019. Pasien yang memenuhi kriteria akan dilakukan anamnesis dan pengisian kuesioner sun index, pemeriksaan fisis, penilaian jumlah dan ukuran terbesar lesi KS di wajah dengan FotoFinder® dan dermoskopi, serta pemeriksaan laboratorium kadar serum 25(OH)D. Dilakukan analisis data untuk mengetahui korelasi kadar serum 25(OH)D dan sun index dengan jumlah dan ukuran terbesar lesi KS pada wajah dengan uji Pearson jika sebaran data normal atau uji Spearman jika sebaran data tidak normal.Hasil: Median kadar serum 25(OH)D SP sebesar 10,3 (3,9-24,2) ng/mL. Median nilai sun index adalah 1,3 (0,3-16,2). 94% SP mengalami defisiensi kadar serum 25(OH)D dan 6% mengalami insufisiensi kadar serum 25(OH)D. Terdapat korelasi bermakna dengan kekuatan sedang antara kadar serum 25(OH)D dengan sun index (p=0,009, r=0,367). Median jumlah lesi KS pada wajah sebesar 28 (8-87) lesi dan meningkat sesuai dengan peningkatan kelompok usia. Median ukuran terbesar lesi KS sebesar 3,5(1-9,5) mm dan meningkat sesuai dengan peningkatan kelompok usia. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar serum 25(OH)D dengan jumlah dan ukuran terbesar lesi KS pada wajah (p=0,178, r=0,194 dan p=0,164, r=0,2). Terdapat korelasi bermakna antara sun index dengan jumlah dan ukuran terbesar lesi KS pada wajah (p<0,001, r=0,517 dan p<0,001, r=0,451)Kesimpulan: Kadar serum 25(OH)D ditemukan di bawah nilai normal (defisiensi dan insufisiensi) pada seluruh SP. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa semakin tinggi kadar serum 25(OH)D, tidak menyebabkan semakin sedikit jumlah dan semakin kecil ukuran lesi KS di wajah. Namun semakin tinggi nilai sun index, maka akan menyebabkan semakin banyak jumlah dan semakin besar ukuran lesi KS di wajah

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Background: Seborrheic keratoses (SK) is one of the most common benign epidermal tumors. Recent study on SK, vitamin D is involved through many nongenomic interactions, including changes in protein and mutations in the FGFR3 gene. Decreased on vitamin D causes disorder of proliferation and differentiation, thus affecting the number and size of SK lesions. On the other hand, sun exposure is also a factor that affects the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) as well as the SK lesions. Measurement of sunlight exposure can be done in various ways, one of them is by using the sun index. Until now there has been no research on the relationship between 25(OH)D serum and sun index with the number and size of SK lesions.

Objective: To assess the relationship of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and sun index (sun exposure index) with number and size of seborrheic keratoses lesions on the face in Dermatovenereology Clinic , Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 50 SK patients that recruited by consecutive sampling in December 2018 to May 2019. Patients who met the criteria will be analyzed and filled in with the sun index questionnaire, physical examination, assessment of the number and size of SK lesions on the face with FotoFinder® and dermoscopy, and laboratory tests for 25(OH)D serum levels. Data analysis was performed to determine the correlation of serum 25 (OH) D and sun index levels with the number and size of SK lesions on the face with Pearson test if the data distribution is normal or Spearman test if the data distribution is not normal.

Result: The median 25(OH)D serum level is 10.3 (3.9-24.2) ng/mL. The median sun index value is 1.3 (0.3-16.2). 94% of SP had deficiencies and 6% experienced insufficiency of serum 25(OH)D levels. There was a significant correlation with moderate strength between 25(OH)D serum levels and sun index (p = 0.009, r = 0.367). The median number of SK lesions on the face was 28 (8-87) lesions and increased according to the increase in age groups. The median largest size of SK lesions was 3.5 (1-9.5) mm and increased according to the increase in age groups. There is no correlation between 25(OH)D serum levels and the largest number and size of SK lesions on the face (p = 0.178, r = 0.194 and p = 0.164, r = 0.2). There is a significant correlation between the sun index and the largest number and size of SK lesions on the face (p <0.001, r = 0.517 and p <0.001, r = 0.451)

Conclusion: 25(OH)D serum levels were found below normal (deficiency and insufficiency) in all subject. The results showed that the higher 25(OH)D serum levels did not cause the smaller the number and the smaller the size of KS lesions on the face. But higher sun index value correlate on the number and size of SK lesions on the face."

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Kandidosis merupakan penyakit infeksi primer atau sekunder yang disebabkan oleh jamur genus kandida terutama C. albicans pada 70-80 kasus. Penelitian yang ada melaporkan pasien rawat inap sebagai kelompok yang berisiko terjadi infeksi kandidosis kutis. Tujuan: Mengetahui proporsi dan identifikasi spesies penyebab kandidosis kutis serta faktor yang berhubungan di Unit Rawat Inap RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Metode: Studi ini adalah penelitian potong lintang dengan desain deskriptif dan pemilihan sampel secara consecutive sampling. Hasil: Didapatkan 14 dari 96 SP dengan kandidosis kutis. Spesies penyebab kandidosis kutis adalah C. albicans 61,7 , C. non albicans 17,6 dan C. campuran 20,5 . Subjek dengan imobilisasi memiliki kemungkinan 7,93 kali untuk terjadi kandidosis kutis. Perbedaan kelembapan udara sebesar 0,4 memiliki kemungkinan 1,49 kali untuk terjadi kandidosis kutis di atasnya. Simpulan: Ditemukan proporsi kandidosis kutis adalah 35,4 . Spesies penyebab kandidosis kutis terbanyak adalah C. albicans. Faktor yang meningkatkan kandidosis kutis adalah imobilisasi dan peningkatan kelembapan udara di ruang perawatan.

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ABSTRACTBackground Candidiasis is a primary or secondary infection disease caused by the Candida especially C. albicans in 70 80 of cases. Previous research reports inpatients as a group at risk of cutaneous candidiasis infection. Objective To determine the proportion of cutaneous candidiasis, identify candida species, and the related risk factors of infection in Inpatient Unit of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital. Methods This is a cross sectional research of descriptive design using consecutive sampling technique. Results The study found that 14 out of 96 SP were 35,4 is cutaneous candidiasis, which caused by C. albicans 61.7 , Candida non albicans 17.6 and mixture candida 20.5 . The probabilty cutaneous candidiasis 7.93 times increased in subjects with immobilization and the difference of level air humidity above 0.4 increased 1.49 times. Conclusion The proportion of cutaneous candidiasis is 35.4 . The most common cause of candidiasis is C. albicans. Related risk factors that probability induce cutaneous candidiasis are immobilization and increasing level of air humidity. "