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"Komputer kuantum sangat penting dalam merevolusi berbagai teknologi, seperti nanoteknologi, keamanan informasi, dan bioinformatika dengan efisiensi pemrosesan informasi dan kecepatan komputasi yang belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya. Dekohesi, yang disebabkan oleh lingkungan atau sifat intrinsik sistem kuantum, mengganggu informasi dan mengurangi akurasi komputasi. Untuk meminimalkan dekohesi, metode dan algoritma koreksi kesalahan kuantum (QEC) telah diusulkan dan didemonstrasikan pada berbagai platform fisik pada suhu rendah, seperti sirkuit superkonduktor, atom Rydberg, dan ion terperangkap. Pada suhu kamar, realisasi QEC dengan pusat-pusat nitrogen-vakansi (NV) di dalam berlian menjadi sangat menarik karena sifat pusat-pusat ini yang menjanjikan, memiliki waktu koherensi spin yang relatif lama dan dapat diinisialisasi serta dibaca secara optik. Di sini, kami menyelidiki potensi realisasi skema QEC tiga-qubit sederhana berulang di mana kami menggunakan tiga qubit NV yang digabungkan bersama melalui kopling dipolar. Kami telah menggunakan sirkuit yang sudah dikembangkan untuk menghubungkan tiga NV yang dapat dianggap sebagai titik awal untuk skema koreksi kesalahan yang disebut proses pengkodean. Setelah bagian ini, bagian dekoding telah dikembangkan dengan dan tanpa kesalahan. Dekomposisi yang sesuai telah dipilih untuk realisasi gerbang Toffoli tiga-qubit untuk proses koreksi. Sirkuit lengkap ini dapat memperbaiki kesalahan flip bit atau flip fase dalam satu putaran koreksi kesalahan. Pekerjaan ini akan membuka jalan untuk mewujudkan QEC lima-qubit dengan NV pada suhu kamar untuk melindungi qubit dari kesalahan qubit tunggal yang sewenang-wenang.

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Quantum computers are vital in revolutionizing various technologies, such as nanotechnologies, information security, and bioinformatics with their efficient information processing and unprecedented computation speed. The decoherence, caused by the environment or intrinsic properties of quantum systems, disturbs the information and reduces computation accuracy. To minimize decoherence quantum error correction (QEC) methods and algorithms have been proposed and demonstrated in various physical platforms at low temperatures, such as superconducting circuits, Rydberg's atoms, and trapped ions. At room temperature, the QEC realization with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond has become very attractive due to the promising nature of the centers that have a relatively long spin coherence time and can be initialized and read out optically. Here, we investigate the potential realization of a simple repetitive three-qubit QEC scheme in which we have used three NV qubits coupled together via dipolar coupling. We have used an already-developed circuit for the coupling of three NVs which can be regarded as the starting point for the error correction scheme called encoding process. Following this part, the decoding part has been developed with and without errors. A suitable decomposition has been chosen for the realization of the Three-qubit Toffoli gate for the correction process. This complete circuit can correct either bit flip or phase flip errors in a single round of error correction. This work will pave the way for realizing a five-qubit QEC with NVs at room temperature to protect a qubit against any arbitrary single-qubit error."

"The present book provides to the main ideas and techniques of the rapid progressing field of quantum information and quantum computation using isotope, mixed materials. It starts with an introduction to the isotope physics and then describes of the isotope, based quantum information and quantum computation. The ability to manipulate and control electron and/or nucleus spin in semiconductor devices provides a new route to expand the capabilities of inorganic semiconductor-based electronics and to design innovative devices with potential application in quantum computing. One of the major challenges towards these objectives is to develop semiconductor-based systems and architectures in which the spatial distribution of spins and their properties can be controlled. For instance, to eliminate electron spin decoherence resulting from hyperfine interaction due to nuclear spin background, isotopically controlled devices are needed (i.e., nuclear spin-depleted). In other emerging concepts, the control of the spatial distribution of isotopes with nuclear spins is a prerequisite to implement the quantum bits (or qbits). Therefore, stable semiconductor isotopes are important elements in the development of solid-state quantum information. There are not only different algorithms of quantum computation discussed but also the different models of quantum computers are presented. With numerous illustrations this small book is of great interest for undergraduate students taking courses in mesoscopic physics or nanoelectronics as well as quantum information, and academic and industrial researches working in this field."

"Rangkaian Concatenared Code terdiri dari 2 (dua) jenis yaitu Seria! Concatenated Code (SCC) dan Paralel Concatenated Code (PCC)- Dengan menetapkan mekanisme iterasi pada decoder, kedua jenis rangkaian ini dapat mencapai harga Probability of error minimum untuk SNR yang rendah. Rangkaian PCC melakukan proses encoding dengan cepat tetapi membutuhkan desain interleaver yang khusus. Sebaliknya SCC memiliki waktu proses encoding yang lebih lama tetapi dapat menggunakan random interleaver biasa. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengurangi waktu proses encoding, rangkaian SCC dapat disusun menjadi 3 (tiga) konfigurasi, yaitu konfigurasi Seri, konfigurasi Paralel dan konfigurasi Seri-Paralel.Skripsi ini akan mensimulasikan ketiga konfigurasi rangkaian SCC pada bahasa komputasi teknis SIMULINK MATLAB versi 6.l. Ketiga kontigurasi tersebut menggunakan encoder Convolurional code dan APP Decoder dengan algoritma SISO-MAP. Analisa diiakukan untuk mendapatkan performa dari tiap kongurasi berdasarkan parameter Probability of error, waktu proses, jumlah itelasi dan jumlah tools yang terkait Iangsung dengan biaya (cost).Analisa hasil simulasi menunjukkan jika dibandingkan dengan koniigurasi Seri dan koniigurasi Seri-Paralel, maka konfigurasi Paralel memiliki perfomma yang paling optimum."

"This book is addressed to newcomers to error control coding (ECC), making the subject easy to understand and to apply in a variety of cases. The book begins by presenting in a detailed, step-by-step manner the plethora of parts an ECC system has and the way they interact to achieve the performance required. Contrary to the more abstract and formal approach followed in most books on this topic, this book is unique in that all of the concepts, methods, techniques and algorithms are introduced by way of examples. Thus, the book is almost a workbook, and therefore very suitable for self-study. Readers are encouraged to take an active role while reading, performing calculations as chapters progress. Moreover, to reinforce the learning process, many of the topics introduced in the book (Galois fields, Extended Hamming codes, Reed-Solomon codes, interleaving, erasure correction, etc.) are presented in various parts of the book in different ways or contexts. "