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"The era of political reform in Indonesia that occurred since the year of 1998 is marked by the collapse of an authoritarian regime under President Suharto's. The reformation has resulted in many changes in the political field. These changes have provided an infrastructure to raise the level of civil society participation in political life. Other change is parliamentary system. Amended constitution stipulated that the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) consisting of member of the House of Representatives (DPR) and Regional Representatives Council (DPD). These changes imply that Indonesia is adopting a bicameral system (bicameralism) or a parliament with two assemblies. This fact has resulted in various changes in the political order in Indonesia either procedural or substantive. The effectiveness of parliamentary system is strongly influenced by the quality and competence of its members. The area of credibility and competency of its members is the main domain of the affiliated political parties. For this reason, the selecting process for cadres to serve as legislative candidates and programs that will be implemented is of paramount important. Base on the constitution and various statutory provisions that govern them, the parliament members are nominated by political parties. The political parties can also initiate a replacement of the member of parliament. Therefore in order to build the effective role of the parliament the function of political parties is crucial. Political parties should prepare their cadres systematically. Political parties should recruit the best available people in the country to serve in the parliament. The future cadres of political parties must be professional, understand the party vision, and having sufficient statecraft ship."

"Disertasi ini membahas tentang pembubaran partai politik di Indonesia pada kurun waktu 1959 sampai 2004, baik dari sisi pengaturan hukum maupun praktik pelaksanaannya serta prospek pengaturan di masa yang akan datang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan sejarah dan perbandingan hukum. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam kurun waktu 1959 hingga 2004 pada masing-masing periode, yaitu Orde Lama, Orde Baru, dan Reformasi, terdapat ketentuan yang berbeda-beda tentang pembubaran partai politik. Pada kurun waktu tersebut juga terjadi beberapa praktik pembubaran partai politik dalam berbagai bentuk baik berdasarkan hukum yang berlaku maupun tidak. Di masa yang akan datang perlu dilakukan pengaturan yang lebih mendetail terkait dengan alasan pembubaran, pemohon, proses peradilan, serta akibat hukum pembubaran partai politik.

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The focus study of this disertation is the law and practices of the dissolution of political parties in Indonesia since 1959 until 2004, and how it should be ruled in the future. This research is a normative research that use historical dan comparative approach. The result is tha there were laws concerning the dissolution of political parties between 1959 until 2004 for each period, Orde Lama, Orde Baru, and Reformasi. Some political parties had dissolved at that time with various ways, whether based on positive law or not. The reseacher sugest that The law concerning the dissolution of political party in the future should be more detail especially about the ground or reason of dissolution, applicant, court process, and the consequences."

"Disertasi ini membahas tentang pembubaran partai politik di Indonesia pada kurun waktu 1959 sampai 2004, baik dari sisi pengaturan hukum maupun praktik pelaksanaannya serta prospek pengaturan di masa yang akan datang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan sejarah dan perbandingan hukum. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam kurun waktu 1959 hingga 2004 pada masing-masing periode, yaitu Orde Lama, Orde Baru, dan Reformasi, terdapat ketentuan yang berbeda-beda tentang pembubaran partai politik. Pada kurun waktu tersebut juga terjadi beberapa praktik pembubaran partai politik dalam berbagai bentuk baik berdasarkan hukum yang berlaku maupun tidak. Di masa yang akan datang perlu dilakukan pengaturan yang lebih mendetail terkait dengan alasan pembubaran, pemohon, proses peradilan, serta akibat hukum pembubaran partai politik.

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The focus study of this disertation is the law and practices of the dissolution of political parties in Indonesia since 1959 until 2004, and how it should be ruled in the future. This research is a normative research that use historical dan comparative approach. The result is tha there were laws concerning the dissolution of political parties between 1959 until 2004 for each period, Orde Lama, Orde Baru, and Reformasi. Some political parties had dissolved at that time with various ways, whether based on positive law or not. The reseacher sugest that The law concerning the dissolution of political party in the future should be more detail especially about the ground or reason of dissolution, applicant, court process, and the consequences."

"In democracy sytem, political party has important roles. In principle, pollitical party is a breath of democracy itself. But in democracy, transition in Indonesia, political party has alienation phase from society. Besides, regeneration and internal conflict has thrown political parties into deep troubles. Nevertheless, there is an increasing tendency that political parties have become vehicle for those who want to be a president, governor, mayor or region head. They used political parties to get invelved in natonal or regional election. In regards of this tendency, it is important to bring the political parties back to their function as democracy foundation by upholding political education and good governance as politial vehicle in a democracy system."

"The lowness of accountability and trust give the regulation on political party in important position. Law Number 2 of 2011 on Amendment of Law Number 2 of 2008 on Political Party is a legal instrument, which constitute matter of political parties financial in Indonesia. Regulation on this financial assessed loose concerning on transparency and financial accountability. Even the monitoring and sanction assessed so weak."