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"The differences in interregional development have caused gaps in regions' advancements and prosperity, such as in the case of Western Indonesia (WI) and Eastern Indonesia (EI) and between urban and rural areas. The objective of this study is to analtze the structural path of road infrastructure construction sector on household income distribution change in both Intra and Inter West--East Region of Indonesia. The model used is Interregional social Acounting Matrix West abd East Region of Indonesia (IRSAM WEI). Within the model framework, construction sector is disaggregated into construction of road infrastructure sector (including bridge) and other construction sector. Meanwhile, the urban and rural household income is disaggregated into low, medium and high income. The structural Path Analysis (SPA) shows that the strongest multiplier effect comes from production factor of worker and capital before reaching households."

"Peningkatan indeks kebahagiaan Indonesia di dalam negeri dalam 1 dekade terakhir berbanding terbalik dengan peringkat kebahagiaan Indonesia di dunia yang terus menurun. Beberapa studi telah mencoba mengidentifikasi faktor apa yang paling berpengaruh kepada kebahagiaan, dan salah satu faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi kebahagiaan adalah relative income. Tetapi, seiring berjalannya waktu, relative income juga menimbulkan perdebatan di banyak studi. Di Indonesia sendiri, studi relative income tidak terlalu banyak sehingga pengaruh relative income dengan kebahagiaan di Indonesia tidak banyak dibahas. Pada penelitian ini, penulis mencoba menganalisa hubungan relative income dengan kebahagiaan di Indonesia. Ada dua model yang digunakan yaitu model 1 dimana relative income didapatkan dengan survei self-assessment dan model 2 dimana relative income dihitung menggunakan pembagian antara income dengan predicted income. Hasil dari kedua model berbeda yaitu pada model 1, relative income mempengaruhi kebahagiaan. Sedangkan pada model 2, relative income tidak mempengaruhi kebahagiaan. Selain itu, hasil dari kedua model sama-sama menunjukkan bahwa absolute income sangat mempengaruhi kebahagiaan di Indonesia.

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The increase in Indonesia's happiness index domestically over the past decade appears to be inversely related to Indonesia's declining global happiness rankings. Numerous studies have endeavored to identify the factors most influential in determining happiness, with relative income emerging as a significant contributor. However, over time, relative income has become a subject of debate in various studies. In Indonesia, there has been a relatively limited number of studies on relative income, resulting in a lack of discussions regarding its impact on happiness in the country. In this research, the author seeks to analyze the relationship between relative income and happiness in Indonesia. Two models are employed: Model 1, wherein relative income is obtained through self-assessment surveys, and Model 2, wherein relative income is calculated by dividing income by predicted income. The outcomes of the two models are different; in Model 1, relative income influences happiness, while in Model 2, relative income does not exhibit a significant impact on happiness. Furthermore, both models indicate that absolute income significantly influences happiness in Indonesia."

"This article provides empirical evidence of the link between technological change and overall income inequality in 14 EU countries. The analysis begins by testing the skill - biased technological change (SBTC) hypothesis in sectors with different levels of technology intensity...."

"The rapid rise in income inequality in Japansince the 1980s is attracting strong attention.In what now seems like a world apart,inequality during the preceding periods of high followed by stable growth was low and Japan was regarded as being the most egalitarian country in the world....."

""A person born into a deprived family is unable to obtain a proper education due to poverty and consequently cannot find a good job and so earns a low income....."