Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis kesesuaian kawasan dalam rangka pengembangan pengelolaan pariwisata padang lamun di Pulau Pari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat jenis lamun yang ditemukan. Tutupan dan kerapatan lamun di Pantai Bintang, Kresek, dan Pasir Perawan masing-masing yaitu 59,83 dan 76 individu/m2, 47,56 dan 54 individu/m2, dan 16,61 dan 9 individu/m2. Indeks keanekaragaman padang lamun di Pulau Pari termasuk pada kategori sedang. Daya dukung lingkungan untuk obyek wisata padang lamun di Pulau Pari pada komponen ekologi yaitu 94 pengunjung/hari di Pantai Bintang, 59 pengunjung/hari di Pantai Kresek, dan 58 pengunjung/hari di Pantai Pasir Perawan. Komponen sosial masyarakat menyatakan menerima kedatangan wisatawan, namun wisatawan yang berkunjung menyatakan kurang puas. Selain itu, komponen ekonomi kegiatan pariwisata meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat. Indeks Kesesuaian Wisata Pantai Bintang, Kresek, dan Pasir Perawan masing-masing yaitu sebesar 91,35 86,54 , dan 67,31 . Padang lamun belum dikelola karena rendahnya pemahaman masyarakat mengenai peran padang lamun.

---

This research was conducted using suitability analysis method on management of seagrass tourism development in Pari Island. The result showed that there is four seagrass species were found. Seagrass rsquo coverage and density at Bintang, Kresek, and Pasir Perawan Beach were recorded as 59.83 and 76 ind m2, 47.56 and 54 ind m2, and 16.61 and 9 ind m2 respectively. Diversity index of seagrass in Pari Island was 1,199, categorized as moderate condition. The carrying capacity for seagrass as tourism object in Pari Island in ecological aspect were 94 tourists day for Bintang Beach, 59 tourists day for Kresek Beach, and 58 tourists day for Pasir Perawan Beach. Based on social aspect, local people of Pari Island were mostly welcome the tourists, however the tourists were not really satisfied with the tourism objects. In economic aspect, tourism activities increase local peoples rsquo income. Suitability index for Bintang Beach, Kresek Beach, and Pasir Perawan Beach were 91.35 , 86.54 , and 67.31 , respectively. It was found that seagrass beds have not been managed due to low understanding of the role of seagrass."

"This volume focuses on the broad pattern of increasing biodiversity through time, and recurrent events of minor and major ecosphere reorganization. Intense scrutiny is devoted to the pattern of physical (including isotopic), sedimentary and biotic circumstances through the time intervals during which life crises occurred. These events affected terrestrial, lacustrine and estuarine ecosystems, locally and globally, but have affected continental shelf ecosystems and even deep ocean ecosystems. The pattern of these events is the backdrop against which modelling the pattern of future environmental change needs to be evaluated."

"Telah dilakukan penelitia yang bertujuan mengestimasi stok karbon dalam sedimen pada ekosistem padang lamun di kepulauan Spermonde, khususnya di Pulau Bonetambung dan Pulau Lae-Lae, Makassar. Pengambilan sedimen dilakukan pada area padang lamun dengan menggunakan sediment core berdiameter 5 cm dan kedalaman alat sampai 30 cm. Luasan tutupan lamun diperoleh dari analisis citra satelit Landsat-8 dan kondisi lamun yaitu dengan menggunakan petak contoh berukuran 100cm x 100cm. Hasil analisis citra landsat-8 didapatkan luasan tutupan ekosistem padang lamun di Pulau Bonetambung yakni 14.18 ha dimana didapatkan 4 kategori tutupan lamun yaitu sangat padat 0.2 ha , padat 0.7 ha , sedang 6 ha dan jarang 7 ha . Sedangkan pada Pulau Lae-Lae diperoleh luasan ekosistem padang lamun yakni 5,04 ha dan didapatkan 3 kategori tutupan lamun yaitu jarang 0,36 ha , sedang 3,42 ha dan padat 1,23 ha. Hasil analisis contoh sedimen didapatkan pada Pulau Bonetambung dan Pulau Lae-Lae didominasi oleh tipe sedimen pasir kasar. Didapatkan nilai rerata kandungan karbon sedimen pada ekosistem padang lamun yaitu di Pulau Bonetambung 9,6 MgCha-1 pada kedalaman 0-30 cm sedangkan di Pulau Lae-Lae diperoleh 8,98 MgCha-1. Total Stok karbon sedimen pada area padang lamun Pulau Bonetambung yaitu 136,08 MgC atau setara dengan 503,5 MgCO2 e sedangkan di Pulau Lae-Lae didaptkan 44,86 MgC atau setara dengan 165,9 MgCO2 e. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekosistem lamun berperan sangat penting dalam menjaga stok karbon di laut sehingga perlu mendapat perhatian untuk konservasinya.

---

Research has been conducted to estimate carbon stocks of sediments in the seagrass ecosystems of the Spermonde islands, particularly on the Bonetambung Island and Lae Lae Island, Makassar City. Sediment collection was carried out on the seagrass beds area using 5 cm diameter core sediment and the depth up to 30 cm. The seagrass cover area was obtained from Landsat 8 satellite imagery analysis and seagrass condition was measured by using sample plots 100cm x 100cm . The result of landsat 8 image analysis was found that the extent of seagrass ecosystem cover on Bonetambung Island was 14.18 ha, which found 4 categories of seagrass cover that is very solid 0.2 ha , solid 0.7 ha, medium 6 ha and rare 7 ha . While on Lae Lae Island, the seagrass ecosystem area is 5,04 ha and 3 rams cover category is rarely 0,36 ha, medium 3,42 ha and solid 1,23 ha.

The result of sediment sampling was obtained on Bonetambung Island and Lae Lae Island was dominated by rough sand sediment type. The average value of sediment carbon content in the seagrass seagrass ecosystem is found in Bonetambung Island 9.6 MgCha 1 at a depth of 0 30 cm while on Lae Lae Island is 8.98 MgCha 1. Total Stock of sediment carbon in the seagrass area of Bonetambung Island was 136.08 MgC or equivalent to 503.5 MgCO2 e while on Lae Lae Island was obtained 44.86 MgC or equal to 165.9 MgCO2 e. The results show that the seagrass ecosystem plays a very important role in maintaining carbon stocks in the sea so it needs to get attention for its conservation. "

"[Udang kering adalah sumber daya alam Indonesia yang mudah diperoleh dan didugamengandung kalsium yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuikadar kalsium udang (Macrobrachium sp.) dan pengaruh metode preparasi (ovendan non oven) dan isolasi (pengocokan, digesti asam, dan pengabuan) terhadappengukuran kadar kalsium menggunakan AAS dan ISE. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan kadar kalsium tertinggi diperoleh dengan metode isolasi digesti asam,yaitu 7.749 ppm (oven) dan 8.853 ppm (non oven). Terdapat perbedaan hasilpengukuran kalsium antar metode preparasi dan antar metode isolasi. Metodepreparasi berkorelasi kuat dengan hasil pengukuran kalsium. (r2=0,878; p<0,05);Dried shrimps is one of Indonesia?s natural resources which easily obtained andassumed to contain high calcium. This research aims to know the calcium level inMacrobrachium sp. and the effects of preparation (oven and non oven) and isolation(dilution, acid digestion, and ashing) methods in calcium level measurement by AASand ISE. Results showed that the highest calcium level was obtained by aciddigestion isolation which are 7,749 ppm (oven) and 8,853 ppm (non oven). Therewere calcium level differences between preparation methods, and among isolationmethods. Preparation methods have strong correlation with calcium levelmeasurement. (r2=0.878, p<0.05), Dried shrimps is one of Indonesia’s natural resources which easily obtained andassumed to contain high calcium. This research aims to know the calcium level inMacrobrachium sp. and the effects of preparation (oven and non oven) and isolation(dilution, acid digestion, and ashing) methods in calcium level measurement by AASand ISE. Results showed that the highest calcium level was obtained by aciddigestion isolation which are 7,749 ppm (oven) and 8,853 ppm (non oven). Therewere calcium level differences between preparation methods, and among isolationmethods. Preparation methods have strong correlation with calcium levelmeasurement. (r2=0.878, p<0.05)]"

"Lamun merupakan satu-satunya kelompok tumbuhan berbunga yang hidup terbenam di dalam laut. Produktivitas lamun yang tinggi belum diimbangi dengan pemanfaatannya secara maksimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas lima jenis lamun Syringodium isoetifolium, Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, dan Halodule uninervis yang dikoleksi dari Kepulauan Seribu Jakarta sebagai inhibitor tirosinase. Herba dari lima jenis lamun diekstraksi dengan pelarut metanol. Ekstrak metanol dari masing-masing spesies lamun diuji aktivitas penghambatannya secara in vitro terhadap enzim tirosinase jamur. Dari kelima jenis lamun, ekstrak metanol Enhalus acoroides memiliki aktivitas penghambatan tirosinase yang paling tinggi dengan persen inhibisi 29,71%. Ekstrak metanol Enhalus acoroides di fraksinasi dengan menggunakan pelarut yang semakin bertingkat kepolarannya, n-heksana, etil asetat, n-butanol dan air. Dari uji aktivitas penghambatan tirosinase diperoleh fraksi n-butanol sebagai fraksi teraktif dengan persen inhibisi 31,27%. Hasil identifikasi golongan senyawa fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa di dalam fraksi nbutanol terdapat senyawa flavonoid, tanin, glikosida, saponin, dan antrakuinon.

---

Seagrasses is the only flowering plants which grow submergely in marine environtments. Seagrass beds are highly diverse and productive ecosystem but not yet intensively studied especially in term as a source of natural products. The purpose of this study is to get the information about tyrosinase activity from Syringodium isoetifolium, Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii,Cymodocea rotundata,andHalodule uninervis collected from Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta. All seagrass samples were extracted with metanol and were screened. The result showed that Enhalus acoroides extract in the most active extract with inhibition 29,71%. Methanol extract from Enhalus acoroides was separated with different polarity solvents, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-buthanol, and water. The potent fraction is n-buthanol with inhibition 31,27%. Chemical identification test allowed that n-buthanol fraction contained flavonoid, tanin, glycoside, sapponin and antrakuinon."

"Penelitian keragaman genetik udang mantis di Perairan Pelabuhan ratu dan Cirebon telah dilakukan pada bulan Februari ndash; November 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman genetik udang mantis di perairan Pelabuhan ratu dan Cirebon. Identifikasi udang mantis menggunakan karakter morfologi dan DNA barcoding dengan menggunakan Cytochrome oksidase sub unit I COI . Analisis karakter morfologi menggunakan software PAST v.3.14 Paleontological Statistics dengan metode cluster. Rekonstruksi pohon filogenetik menggunakan software MEGA 6 dengan metode Neighbour Joining berdasarkan model Tamura-3 paramater dengan bootstrap 1000 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa stomatopoda yang ditemukan dari lokasi pengambilan sampel terdiri atas Harpiosquilla harpax, Oratosquilla oratoria, Oratosquillina gravieri dan Harpiosquilla annandalei. Rata-rata kelimpahan larva Stomatopoda di perairan Cirebon pada stasiun I, II, III dan IV masing-masing 0,047; 0,018; 0,003 dan 0,003 ind/m3sedangkan larva di perairan Pelabuhan ratu hanya ditemukan di stasiun IV sebanyak 0,003 ind/m3. Hasil dendogram karakter morfometrik terdiri atas tiga kelompok, yaitu kelompok H. harpax Cirebon - H.harpax Pelabuhan ratu , kelompok O. oratoria-H. annandalei, dan kelompok O. gravieri. Kesamaan pada kelompok H. harpax dari Cirebon dan Pelabuhan ratu sebesar 94,5 sedangkan H. annandalei ndash; O.oratoria sebesar 92,5 . Hasil rekonstruksi filogenetik yang dibentuk berdasarkan sekuen yang sudah dicocokkan pada Gene bank yaitu terdiri atas 2 genus yaitu Harpiosquilla dan Oratosquilla.

---

The study of genetic diversity mantis shrimp in the Pelabuhan Ratu and Cirebon waters was conducted in February November 2016. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity of the mantis shrimp in the Pelabuhan Ratu and Cirebon waters. Mantis shrimp was identified using morphological characters and DNA barcoding used Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I COI . Analysis character morphological were done using PAST software v.3.14 Paleontological Statistics cluster method. Reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree used MEGA software 6 with Neighbour Joining method based on the model of Tamura 3 parameters by bootstrapping 1000 times. The results showed that stomatopods found from sampling sites consist of Harpiosquilla harpax, Oratosquilla oratoria, Oratosquillina gravieri and Harpiosquilla annandalei. The average abundance of larvae stomatopoda were found in Cirebon waters at station I, II, III and IV 0,047 0,018 0.003 and 0.003 ind m3, respectively, while in the Pelabuhan ratu water fourth station were found as much as 0,003 ind m3. Dendogram of morphometric character consists of three groups, namely H. harpax Cirebon H. harpax Pelabuhan ratu , O. Oratoria H. annandalei group, and the group O. gravieri. Similarities were found H.harpax group of Cirebon and Pelabuhan Ratu as much as 94.5 while H. annandalei O. oratoria was 92.5 . The results of phylogenetic reconstruction were formed by sequences that have been matched in the Gene bank which consists of two genera, Harpiosquilla and Oratosquilla."

"Reklamasi di Teluk Jakarta merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam upaya pembangunan kota. Namun, ternyata reklamasi memberikan perubahan pada aktivitas perikanan tangkap di sepanjang Teluk Jakarta, salah satunya di Kamal Muara. Perubahan tersebut mencakup perubahan pada kondisi ekologi maupun ekonomi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perubahan ekologi dan ekonomi yang terjadi pada nelayan sero dan sondong di Kamal Muara setelah adanya reklamasi pulau buatan dan mensintesa hubungan antara aspek ekologi dan ekonomi nelayan sero dan sondong di Kamal Muara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode kuesioner, observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi ekologi dan ekonomi nelayan sero dan sondong di Kamal Muara mengalami perubahan setelah adanya reklamasi. Perubahan ekologi meliputi penurunan kecepatan arus permukaan laut, perubahan komposisi hasil tangkapan, dan semakin jauhnya letak daerah penangkapan ikan sero dan sondong. Perubahan ekonomi nelayan sero meliputi penurunan pada volume hasil tangkapan, biaya operasional, dan keuntungan yang didapatkan nelayan sero. Perubahan ekonomi nelayan sondong meliputi peningkatan volume hasil tangkapan dan biaya operasional. Namun, terjadi penurunan pada keuntungan nelayan sondong. Usaha perikanan tangkap sero dan sondong masih tergolong layak untuk dijalankan. Kemudian hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa variasi jarak daerah penangkapan ikan mempengaruhi besarnya biaya operasional.

---

Reclamation in Jakarta Bay is an alternative in the city development effort. But, reclamation change the capture fishery activities along the Jakarta Bay, one of them is in Kamal Muara. These changes include changes in ecological and economic conditions. The purpose of this study are to analyze the ecological and economic changes that occur in sero and sondong fishermen in Kamal Muara after the reclamation of artificial islands and synthesize the correlation between ecological and economic aspects of sero and sondong fishermen in Kamal Muara. This research uses a descriptive quantitative approach with questionnaire, observation, interview and documentation methods.

The results of the study showed that the ecological and economic conditions of sero and sondong fishermen in Kamal Muara changes after reclamation. Ecological changes include a decrease in the speed of sea surface current, changes in the composition of the catch, and the further away the location of fishing ground of sero and sondong fisheries. Economic changes of sero fishermen include decrease in the volume of catches, operational costs, and the profit. Economic changes of sondong fishermen include increase in the volume of catches and operational costs. However, there was a decrease in the profits of sondong fishermen. Sero and sondong capture fisheries business is still considered feasible to run. Then the results of the study also showed that variations in the distance of the fishing ground affect the operational costs."

"ABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan negara yang terletak pada iklim tropis dengan paparan sinar matahari sepanjang musim. Paparan sinar yang terdiri dari sinar UVA dan UVB ini dapat memicu pembentukan radikal bebas yang berdampak buruk bagi kulit manusia, seperti sunburn atau kulit terbakar, penuaan dini, kulit kemerahan, hingga kanker kulit. Selain itu radikal bebas juga dapat memicu pembentukan melanin dengan mengaktivasi enzim tirosinase, sehingga dapat menyebabkan kulit tampak lebih gelap dan kusam. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan sediaan kosmetik tabir surya sekaligus pencerah kulit. Salah satu bahan alam yang berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai zat aktif adalah tumbuhan lamun. Thalassia hemprichii merupakan salah satu lamun yang banyak tersebar di pantai-pantai Indonesia. Dari penelitian sebelumnya, diketahui T.hemprichii mengandung senyawa polifenolik dan senyawa flavonoid yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan sumber antioksidan yang dapat mengatasi kerusakan kulit akibat paparan sinar UVA dan UVB. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memperoleh kadar fenolik total dari ekstrak T.hemprichii, serta memperoleh sediaan krim fitosom ekstrak lamun dengan stabilitas fisik yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan krim ekstrak lamun tanpa fitosom. Dalam penelitian ini, fitosom dibuat dalam dua formula berdasarkan perbandingan massa antara ekstrak dan fosfatidilkolin, yaitu 1:1 dan 1:2 menggunakan metode hidrasi lapis tipis. fitosom kemudian dikarakterisasi distribusi ukuran partikel, potensial zeta, dan efisiensi penjerapannya. Lalu, formula terpilih diformulasikan ke dalam sediaan krim, kemudian dievaluasi. Uji stabilitas fisik dilakukan pada sediaan krim fitosom dan krim tanpa fitosom. Fitosom dengan perbandingan 1:1 adalah formulasi yang lebih baik dibandingkan formulasi 1:2 dengan karakteristik Dv90 sebesar 522 nm, indeks polidispersitas 0,530, potensial zeta -25,7 mV dan efisiensi penjerapan sebesar 54,80 ± 0,91%. Evaluasi sediaan yang dilakukan menunjukkan sediaan krim memiliki karakteristik yang baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa sediaan krim tanpa fitosom ekstrak lamun memiliki stabilitas fisik yang lebih baik dibandingkan sediaan krim fitosom.

---

ABSTRACTIndonesia is a country located in a tropical climate with sun exposure throughout the season. This light exposure consist of UVA and UVB rays that can trigger the formation of free radicals which has a negative impact on human skin, such as sunburn, premature aging, redness, and skin cancer. Besides, free radicals can also trigger the formation of melanin by activating the tyrosinase enzyme, so that it can cause the skin to look darker and duller. Therefore, cosmetics sunscreen and skin lightening are needed. One of the natural ingredients that has the potential to be used as an active substance is seagrass. Thalassia hemprichii is one of the seagrasses that are widely spread on the beaches of Indonesia. From previous studies, it was found that T.hemprichii contains polyphenolic compounds and flavonoid compounds that has a potential to be used as a source of antioxidants that can overcome skin damage due to exposure to UVA and UVB rays. The aim of this study was to obtain total phenolic levels of T.hemprichii extract, and obtain phytosome cream preparations of seagrass extract with better physical stability compared to seagrass extract cream without phytosome. In this study, phytosome was prepared in two formulation based on mass ratio between the extract and phosphatidylcholine, which is 1:1 and 1:2 using thin layer hydration method. Then, the phytosome was characterized by its particle size distribution, zeta potential, and absorption efficiency. Selected formulation are formulated into topical preparation of phytosome cream, then evaluated. Physical stability test was performed on topical preparation of phytosome cream and cream without phytosome. Phytosome with ratio 1:1 is preferable than the 1:2 ratio formulation with characteristics of Dv90 is 522 nm, polydispersity index 0.53, zeta potential -25.7 mV, and absorption distribution 54.80 ± 0.91%. The topical preparation of cream phytosome evaluation shows good characteristics. The conclusion is the topical preparation of cream."