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"West season represent period of strong blowing wind in southern waters of Malang, East Java Province with maximum speed of wind reaching 31.37 that happened in Februari 2008, while average speed of wind 10.16 knot. During this season wind pattern even also relative more disseminating to all direction compared to other seasons. Westerly wind is dominant at the season. During three next seasons, namely early-year switchover season, east season and year-end switchover season, wind pattern settdly blow from east and south-east directions. Speed of its feeber wind even also than west season, specially at early-year switchover and year-end switchover seasons. East wind is predominating wind puff since April till November with strongest blowing 23.19 knot happened in July and average speed of this wind reach maximum 15.39 knot in August. March become period of calm wind puff with wind blowing disseminating from all direction relatively . Average speed of wind in this month only 5.90 knot and speed of the strongest 12.93 knot only. February - March mark a period of wind gradient strongest and average speeds with maximum and minimum reaching during December 2007 till November 2008."

"Peningkatan temperatur udara secara global telah mempengaruhi kondisi iklim, yaitu adanya perubahan iklim, yang ditandai tingginya fluktuasi curah hujan yang mempengaruhi musim hujan maupun musim kemarau. Perubahan iklim yang terjadi di wilayah DAS Brantas diidentifikasi melalui unsur temperatur udara dan curah hujan berdasarkan kecenderungan perubahan trend (jangka Panjang) dan step change (jangka pendek), sedangkan perubahan musim berdasarkan kondisi normal awal musim hujan dan kemarau di DAS Brantas dengan periode waktu sepuluh tahunan (dekadal). Pola hujan di DAS Brantas mempunyai empat (IV) tipe, yang dipengaruhi oleh ketinggian, arah hadap lereng dan arah pergerakan angin. Pada curah hujan tahunan tidak terjadi perubahan trend dan step change, perubahan trend dan step change terjadi pada curah hujan bulanan dan dasarian di daerah pola hujan tipe I dan III. Perubahan trend dan step change terjadi pada temperatur udara maksimum dan minimum absolut, tidak terjadi perubahan pada temperatur minimum absolut di wilayah Karangploso. Awal musim hujan paling cepat pada dasarian III Oktober sedangkan awal musim kemarau pada dasarian III April. Perubahan musim terjadi berfluktuasi mengikuti variabilitas dan perubahan curah hujan di wilayah DAS Brantas.

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The increase in global air temperature has affected climatic conditions, namely climate change, which is characterized by high fluctuations in rainfall that affect the rainy season and dry season. Climate change that occurs in the Brantas watershed area identified through elements of air temperature and rainfall based on the tendency to change the trend (long-term) and step change (short-term), while seasonal changes based on the normal conditions of the beginning of the rainy and dry season in the Brantas watershed with a ten-year time period (decadal). Rainfall patterns in the Brantas watershed has four (IV) types, which are influenced by altitude, the direction of the slope and the direction of wind movement. In annual rainfall there is no change in trend and step change, changes in trend and step change occur in monthly and dasarian rainfall in the rainfall pattern areas of types I and III. Changes in trends and step changes occur in absolute maximum and minimum air temperatures, there is no change in absolute minimum temperatures in the Karangploso area. The beginning of the rainy season is the earliest in dasarian III October while the beginning of the dry season is in dasarian III April. Seasonal changes occur fluctuate following variability and changes in rainfall in the Brantas watershed area."

"Summary:This book, first published in 1919, provides a richly detailed account of the more affecting moments in the British natural calendar."

"[ABSTRAKPariwisata tidak hanya sekedar objek dan daya tarik wisata tetapi juga tentang perpindahan wisatawan dari tempat tinggal menuju tempat wisata. Ketidakmerataan pergerakan wisatawan disebabkan oleh faktor karakteristik objek wisata yang dikunjungi dan faktor wisatawan itu sendiri. Penelitian ini mengkaji pola keruangan pergerakan wisatawan dan faktor yang mempengaruhi pergerakan wisatawan dengan analisis keruangan dan analisis korelasi chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola keruangan wisatawan single pattern tidak bergerak ke berbagai arah dan pergerakannya paling terbatas dibandingkan dengan wisatawan multiple pattern. Sedangkan pola keruangan wisatawan multiple pattern tidak hanya mampu bergerak ke berbagai arah objek wisata alam dengan jarak fisik yang bervariasi tetapi juga berbagai jenis objek wisata alam. Wisatawan dengan sub-tipe stopover paling luas bergerak dibandingkan chaining loop dan base site dengan menjangkau hampir seluruh objek wisata alam pada jarak yang dekat hingga jauh. Sedangkan wisatawan dengan sub-tipe base site memiliki luas ruang gerak yang paling terbatas dibandingkan stopover dan chaining loop dengan bergerak pada jarak yang dekat. Faktor yang mempengaruhi pergerakan wisatawan di Kabupaten Malang adalah aksesibilitas, atraksi objek wisata, daerah asal wisatawan, lama kunjungan di objek wisata, pilihan moda transportasi, motivasi wisatawan dan pengalaman berkunjung. Sedangkan faktor jumlah teman seperjalanan tidak mempengaruhi pergerakan wisatawan di Kabupaten Malang.

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ABSTRACTTourism is not just objects and tourist attraction but also tourist movement from their homes to tourist attractions. Inequality tourist movements caused by characteristic of tourist attraction and tourist itself. This study examines the spatial pattern of tourist movement and the factors that affect the movement of tourist with spatial analysis and statistical correlation analysis. The results showed that the spatial pattern of single type is not moving in different directions and the most limited movement than the multiple pattern. While the spatial pattern of multiple type is not only able to move into different directions with varying physical distances but also various types of natural attractions. Sub-type of the multiple: stopover, tourist with sub-type stopover not only has the most widely move than chaining loop and base site but also reach almost all the natural attractions in near and far distance. While tourist with sub-type base site has the most limited space than stopover and chaining loop also moving in near distance. Tourist movement in Malang influenced by accessibility of natural destination, attraction of natural destination, origin of tourists, duration of visits in natural attractions, modes of transportation, tourist motivation and experience of visited. Meanwhile the number of tourist companion is a factor that not affect a tourist movement in Malang., Tourism is not just objects and tourist attraction but also tourist movement from their homes to tourist attractions. Inequality tourist movements caused by characteristic of tourist attraction and tourist itself. This study examines the spatial pattern of tourist movement and the factors that affect the movement of tourist with spatial analysis and statistical correlation analysis. The results showed that the spatial pattern of single type is not moving in different directions and the most limited movement than the multiple pattern. While the spatial pattern of multiple type is not only able to move into different directions with varying physical distances but also various types of natural attractions. Sub-type of the multiple: stopover, tourist with sub-type stopover not only has the most widely move than chaining loop and base site but also reach almost all the natural attractions in near and far distance. While tourist with sub-type base site has the most limited space than stopover and chaining loop also moving in near distance. Tourist movement in Malang influenced by accessibility of natural destination, attraction of natural destination, origin of tourists, duration of visits in natural attractions, modes of transportation, tourist motivation and experience of visited. Meanwhile the number of tourist companion is a factor that not affect a tourist movement in Malang.]"

"One of interesting phenomenon to be perceived is form of thermal front (Zone of water mass meeting with the different temperature)....."

"Pembangunan serta perkembangan kota di Indonesia terus berlangsung, menyebabkan peningkatan akan kebutuhan lahan terutama lahan untuk pemukiman. Peningkatan kebutuhan lahan menyebabkan perubahan tutupan lahan yang akan mempengaruhi suhu permukaan daratan di daerah tersebut, contohnya di Kota Malang Raya dimana suhu di perkotaan cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan daerah sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola spasial suhu permukaan daratan di Kota Malang Raya, kaitannya dengan ketinggian, tutupan lahan, kerapatan vegetasi dan kerapatan bangunan yang dilakukan dengan penginderaan jauh menggunakan Citra Landsat pada perekaman tahun 1996, 2001, 2013 dan 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukan suhu permukaan daratan tertinggi berada di pusat Kota Malang dan Kota Batu sebagai pusat wilayah terbangun dengan kerapatan bangunan tinggi dan kerapatan vegetasi yang rendah. Suhu permukaan daratan tertinggi >27O C berada pada wilayah ketinggian.

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The construction and cities development in Indonesia still continues, that leads to increase land needs especially lands for living. The increased of landcover needs caused the lands changed which will affect the land surface 39 s temperature in the area, for example in the cities of Malang Raya that temperatures in urban areas tend to be higher than the surrounding area.

This research aims to know the spatial pattern of land surfaces temperature in the cities of Malang Raya, relation to land cover, vegetation density and built up density. Landsat Imagery do use on a recording in 1996, 2001, 2013 and 2016 as well as in relation to the difference in height in this region.

Research results showed the highest land surface temperature is in the centre of Malang and Batu city as the center of the build up area with high dencity of buildings low vegetation. The highest land surface temperature 27C is also located in the region of"

"This research is cunducted to understand seasonal variation of surface current circulation over the Indian Ocean. The method used in this research was discriptive analysis. The data used were the seasonal surface wind direction and velocity from Ocean Surface Current Analysis Real - Time - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (OSCAR - NOAA). The result showed that the seasonal variation of surface current circulation is influeced by movement of wind. During west season the north equatorial current is formed. during west season, the first transition season and east season is formed eddy current at western of Sumatera Island. "