Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Herbal medicine have widely been used to treat many type of diseases despite the advance of standard or cenventional theraphy. In fact, many people in Indonesia use medicinal plant as their customary oart of life. Therefore, it si necessary to further explore the use of herbal medicines through modern perception.. In this study we would like to know the frequency and species of herbal medicines used among cervical cancer patients in national cancer hospital dharmais, Jakarta, Indonesia and also to assess the relationship between age, education, jobs, stage of cancer and payment status of the patients. The results were 61,8 % patients used herbal medicines. . The herbal medicines used most were mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocorpa scheef, Boerl) 35.3%, temu putih (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc) 32.4% and buah merah (Pandanus conodeus Lam) 17,6% . There was a significant relationship (p=0.039) between the use of herbal medicines and stage of cancer but no relationship between age, education, occupation , income payment status with the use of herbal medicines."

"[Penelitian ini membahas mengenai perilaku demedikalisasi dari pasien pengguna obat herbal. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep demedikalisasi oleh Peter Conrad dan penggunaan obat herbal oleh Calixto. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik survei terhadap 100 responden dan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat perilaku demedikalisasi diantara pasien pengguna obat herbal adalah rendah, namun tingkat penggunaan obat herbal tinggi. Selain itu, terdapat hubungan antara persepsi penggunaan obat herbal dengan perilaku demedikalisasi. Hal ini disebabkan oleh adanya ketakutan yang dirasakan oleh pasien Klinik Sehat terhadap efek samping yang akan ditimbulkan oleh obat-obatan medis. Selain itu, faktor yang berpengaruh adalah obat herbal dirasa menjadi suatu solusi kesehatan yang aman dan bebas dari efek samping. Saran berupa perlu adanya penguatan peran pemerintah dalam mengatur kegiatan medis. Hal ini dilakukan agar kegiatan medis lebih teratur dan lebih aman bagi masyarakat.;This study discuss the demedicalization behavior among herbal medicine patients. This study uses the concept of demedicalization by Peter Conrad and the use of herbal medicine by Calixto. Using quantitative approach with survey technique to 100 respondents and using accidental sampling technique. The results shows that the level of demedicalization behavior among herbal medicine patients are low, however the level of the use of herbal medicine are high. However, there?s a relationship between the use of herbal medicine perception and demedicalization behavior. This is caused by the fear felt by the patient Clinic of side effects that would be caused by medical drugs. In addition, factors that influence is felt to be a herbal medicine health solutions that are safe and free from side effects. Suggestions such as the need for strengthening the role of government in regulating medical activity. This is done so that medical activities more organized and safer for the public., This study discuss the demedicalization behavior among herbal medicine patients. This study uses the concept of demedicalization by Peter Conrad and the use of herbal medicine by Calixto. Using quantitative approach with survey technique to 100 respondents and using accidental sampling technique. The results shows that the level of demedicalization behavior among herbal medicine patients are low, however the level of the use of herbal medicine are high. However, there’s a relationship between the use of herbal medicine perception and demedicalization behavior. This is caused by the fear felt by the patient Clinic of side effects that would be caused by medical drugs. In addition, factors that influence is felt to be a herbal medicine health solutions that are safe and free from side effects. Suggestions such as the need for strengthening the role of government in regulating medical activity. This is done so that medical activities more organized and safer for the public.]"

"Latar Belakang: Penggunaan jangka panjang steroid sebagai kontrol inflamasi pada uveitis non-infeksi dan idiopatik dapat menyebabkan efek samping, dan hal tersebut memicu kebutuhan untuk agen imunomodulator lainnya. Penggunaan herbal dan obat tradisional saat ini sedang meningkat. Beberapa herbal memiliki efek imunomodulator dan diduga memiliki peran dalam uveitis. Akan tetapi, bukti penggunaan herbal pada uveitis belum diketahui secara pasti.Tujuan: Untuk meninjau bukti-bukti ilmiah mengenai efikasi, keamanan, dan mekanisme penggunaan herbal pada uveitis dan model uveitis.Metode: Tinjauan sistematis berdasarkan panduan Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis. Kata kunci uveitis dan herbal serta sinonim terkait digunakan pada database PubMed, CENTRAL, dan ScienceDirect. Penelitian herbal sebagai terapi ajuvan uveitis pada manusia dan penelitian herbal pada model uveitis dipilih. Penelitian kemudian ditelaah dan dinilai validitasnya.Hasil: Dua uji klinis, satu laporan kasus, dan 32 penelitian hewan mengenai penggunaan herbal pada uveitis ditelaah secara kualitatif. Intervensi ekstrak Echinacea purpurae (pada uveitis anterior) dan kurkuma menghasilkan proporsi kasus inaktif yang tinggi: 85.70% dan 81.48%. Durasi bebas steroid pada kelompok ajuvan Echinacea lebih lama secara signifikan dibandingkan kelompok steroid saja (p<0.05). Intervensi herbal pada model uveitis mencakup 8 preparat herbal, 14 ekstrak herbal, dan 18 komponen herbal. Flare akuos dan skor klinis menurun secara signifikan. Penelitian yang didapat menunjukkan tak adanya efek samping atau kematian.Kesimpulan: Echinacea dan kurkuma menunjukkan potensi yang baik, sementara Gardeniae fructus, Scutellariae radix, Berberis aristata, dan Yanyankang potensial untuk dilanjutkan menjadi penelitian klinis. Penelitian dengan level of evidence yang lebih tinggi dan risiko bias yang lebih rendah masih dibutuhkan. Data keamanan masih minimal. Mekanisme yang didapat dapat menjadi landasan untuk penelitian lanjutan.

---

Background: In non-infectious and idiopathic uveitis, long-term corticosteroid use can lead to undesirable side effects, and it warrants the need for other immunomodulatory agents. Use of herbal or traditional medicine is currently on rise. Some herbs displayed immunomodulatory features and are expected to have a role in managing uveitis. However, herbal roles in uveitis have not been established yet.

Objective: To review the human and animal evidence of herbal efficacy, safety, and mechanisms in uveitis.

Method: A systematic review was performed using standardised Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guideline. Uveitis and herbal-related keywords were entered in PubMed, CENTRAL, and ScienceDirect databases to obtain evidences regarding herbal therapy in clinical (as adjuvant) and pre-clinical trials. The selected studies were reviewed, extracted, and assessed for their validities.

Result: Two clinical trials, one case report, and thirty-two animal studies were qualitatively reviewed. Echinacea purpurae extract (in anterior uveitis) and curcuma displayed high efficacy in inactive case proportion: 85.70% and 81.48%, respectively. Steroid-free duration in Echinacea adjuvant group was significantly longer than steroid group (p<0.05). Herbal intervention in experimental model consisted of eight herbal preparation, fourteen herbal extracts, and eighteen herbal components, with decreased aqueous flare measurement and clinical scoring, and no mortality. Review on animal models proposed an involvement of both innate and adaptive immunity in herbs mechanisms.

Conclusion: Echinacea and curcumin showed good potencies, while Gardeniae fructus, Scutellariae radix, Berberis aristata, and Yanyankang were potential to be continued as clinical trial. Studies with higher level of evidence and lower risk of bias are still needed. There were still lack of safety data. The proposed mechanisms were a good foundation to design further research."

"Studi sebelumnya telah membuktikan bahwa kanker kepaladan leher telah menjadi masalah penting di negara Asia termasuk Indonesia. Terdapat faktor resiko yang mendukung terjadinya insidens kanker tersebut dibagi menjadi faktor yang dapat dan yang tidak dapat dimodifikasi. Faktor-Faktor tersebut memiliki implikasi penting dalam mempelajari faktor resiko yang paling berpengaruh dalam insidens kanker nasofaring di Indonesia. Studi ini ditujukan untuk menentukan perbandingan antara tingkat pendidikan dan konsumsi alkohol pada pasien dengan kanker nasofaring dan kanker oral pada pasien yang datang ke klinik gigi RSCM pada tahun 2006-2009. Data dalam studi ini berdasar pada rekam medis pasien yang datang ke klinik gigi RSCM pada tahun 2006-2009. Data dianalisa menggunakan SPSS versi 20. Signifikansi di tes menggunakan Smirnof-Kolmogorov Z test. Pasien yang mengaku mengkonsumsi alkohol sebagian besar merupakan pasien dengan kanker nasofaring. Sementara, untuk tingkat pendidikan, sebagian besar pasien pada kanker nasofaring merupakan pasien dengan tingkat pendidikan yang rendah. Tidak terdapat asosiasi yang signifikan antara tingkat pendidikan dengan pasien kanker (P=0.995). Begitu pula dengan konsumsi alkohol, tidak terdapat asosiasi yang signifikan antara penggunaan alkohol pada pasien kanker nasofaring. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak terdapat asosiasi antara tingkat pendidikan dan penggunaan alkohol dengan kanker nasofaring.

---

As many of the previous studies has proven, head and neck cancer has been a major problem in many of Southeast Asian countries, including Indonesia. The contributing risk factors to incidence of HNC are divided into modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors. Those risk factors has very important implications in understanding the most influencing risk factors of HNC among Indonesia populationThis study aim to determine the comparison of educational level and alcohol consumption in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer and oral cancer who came to dental clinic RSCM Jakarta between 2006-2009. The data was obtained from medical record of patients diagnosed with head and neck cancer who visited oral medicine clinic of RSCM Jakarta from 2006-2009. The data then was analyzed using SPSS version 20..The significance association were tested using Kolmogorof-Smirnov Z. The result showed that patient with the presence of alcohol use were mostly diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer. However, after compared between nasopharyngeal and non-npc group, there were no significant association found between the two groups (P=1.000). The level of formal education also did not significantly associated with the nasopharyngeal and nonnpc (P=0.995). In conclusion, there was no significant association found between educational level and alcohol use in nasopharyngeal cancer patients."

"ABSTRAKTugas akhir mi membahas Masaiah Inventory Dmnamisdengan Resiko dan sistim Q untuk pengendalian persedmaan Dananaimsa ABC yang dipakam untuk penggeiompokan itemsTheory tersebut diatas akan dmterapkan pada penyediaan bahanbaku di perusahaan obat PT Takeda Indonesia"

"Pengobatan merupakan salah satu upaya terapi yang dilakukan oleh dokter atau paramedis terhadap pasien. Penggunaan obat untuk tujuan pengobatan harus didasarkan pada prinsip bahwa secara medis akan memberikan manfaat dan aman bagi pasien. Dalam praktek pengobatan sering ditemui kebiasaan-kebiasaan penggunaan obat yang tidak sesuai dengan prinsip diatas, hal ini disebut dengan penggunaan obat tidak rasional. Dampak penggunaan obat tidak rasional dapat menimbulkan rendahnya mutu pelayanan, meningkatnya biaya kesehatan, dan ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap obat-obat tertentu.Untuk mengurangi praktek penggunaan obat tidak rasional, Pemerintah telah melakukan berbagai upaya melalui proyek kesehatan IV di 5 propinsi termasuk Sumatera Barat dengan melaksanakan pelatihan penggunaan obat secara rasional untuk dokter dan paramedis serta pelatihan supervisi terpadu pengelolaan dan penggunaan obat secara rasional di Puskesmas.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang penggunaan obat tidak rasional dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan obat tidak rasional untuk penyakit ISPA non Pneumonia di Puskesmas se Kota Solok dengan metoda cross sectional yang diambil secara purpusif.Dari penelitian ini didapatkan proporsi penggunaan obat tidak rasional 26,9%, dimana 64,4% resep ditulis oleh tenaga perawat/bidan dan 35,6% ditulis oleh dokter. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan beberapa variabel yang secara statistik bermakna (p<0,05) yang berhubungan dengan penggunaan obat tidak rasional yaitu; jenis tenaga, mesa kerja, penetapan diagnosis, sikap terhadap penggunaan obat secara rasional, sikap terhadap pedoman pengobatan, tingkat kecukupan obat dan tingkat pengetahuan pasien/pengantar tentang penggunaan obat. Selanjutnya dari basil analisis multivariate diketahui bahwa faktor sikap tenaga kesehatan terhadap Pedoman Pengobatan dan Penetapan Diagnosis merupakan faktor risiko yang paling dominan.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disarankan agar Kepala Dinas Kesehatan Kota Solok agar membangun komitmen bersama dengan jajaran yang terlibat langsung pada pelayanan pengobatan di Puskesmas dengari membuat Surat Keputusan sebagai petunjuk pelak,anaan program penggunaan obat secara rasional, melaksanakan sosialisasi berupa penyuluhan yang tepat sasaran dan mengadakan pelatihan yang terprogram tentang pedoman pengobatan dan penggunaan obat secara rasional serta meningkatkan kegiatan monitoring, evaluasi dan suvervisi ke Puskesmas.

---

Factors which have Relationship with Irrational Use of Medicine for Non-Pneumonia ISPA Diseases in Public Health Centers of Solok, West Sumatra, 2001Healing diseases is one therapeutic effort conducted by a doctor or a paramedic towards patients. The use of medicine for healing diseases must be based on the principle that such effort will be useful and safe for patients.

In healing diseases, practices of using medicine are often found not going along with such mentioned above principle, of which it is called as irrational use of medicine. The impact of such irrational use of medicine is that it can cause decrease in service quality, rise in health costs, and public dependence on certain kinds of medicine.

To lessen such practice of irrational use of medicine, the Government has made various efforts through health projects W in five provinces including West Sumatra by way of conducting training of rational use of medicine for doctors and paramedics, and integrated supervision training in administration and rational use of medicine in Public Health Centers.

This research has the objective to obtain information about irrational use of medicine and factors which have relationship with irrational use of medicine for ISPA Non-Pneumonia Diseases in Public Health Centers of Solok by applying cross-sectional methods which is taken as purposively.

From this research the proportion of irrational use of medicine indicate 26.9 % in which 64.4 % of the prescriptions are written by nurses and 35.6 % by doctors. The outcomes of bivariat analysis shows that some variables are statistically significant (p<0.05) which has relationship with irrational use of medicine, i.e. types of labors, period of work, diagnosis determination, attitudes to rational use of medicine, attitudes to healing procedure, rates of medicine adequacy and knowledge levels of patients / introduction to use of medicine. Furthermore, from the outcomes of multivariate analysis, it is learnt that the factor of paramedics' attitudes towards Healing Procedure and Diagnosis Determination constitute factor of risk which is the most dominant.

Based on this research it is suggested that Head of Health Institution of Solok establish common commitment with the line-ups who involve directly in healing services in Public Health Center by issuing a decree as the manual of conducting program of rational use of medicine, carry out socialization in the form of effective counseling, provide programmed trainings regarding healing procedure and rational use of medicine, and increase such activities as monitoring, making evaluations and supervising in Public Health Centers."