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"It is widely accepted that education is one important sector in human life espicially related to access and participation. However , Indonesia sill faces problem in relation to equal education access for boys is higher than rhose for girls. This situation shows, to some point, hind rents the Indonesia government to provide equal education for man and woman as one target of the United Nation's Millenium Declaration. It is the necessary to take a look at policies of Indonesia government on education and how the policies influence women participation in education. One of the government policies which could benefit women is the acknowledgeement of distance education (DE) in Indonesia educational system. This paper discusses how DE could benefit women by providing wider access to education. For illustration , this paper provides analysis of roles and performances of Universitas Terbuka , a state national higher education which fully implements DE system, in relation to efforts to increase access and participation of women in education, espicially in higher education."

"Gender issue becomes an interesting concern in education for there has been cultural bias and gender inequalities that unconsiously spread out though teaching and learning activities. Some learning materials, especially in elementary and secondary school, still show gender bias on occupation of women general."

"The study of the character and its development at distance education system is a new intensive effort since 2000s period. Nevertheless, various studies show a clear trend to the development of four characters that were performance, relational, moral, and spiritual. The four character developments have reflected and integrated in the various context of using and designing of DE technologies, and it also become main characteristic in the study and development of character at DE. This paper reviews the various studies about the characters and its developments in the DE context, and some of the efforts made by DE providers."

"Jurnal Pendidikan Terbuka dan Jarak Jauh merupakan media informasi dan komunikasi para praktisi, peneliti, dan akademisi yang berkecimpung dan menaruh minat serta perhatian pada pengembangan pendidikan terbuka dan jarak jauh di indonesia."

"Open and Distance Learning (ODL) nowadays becomes a trend in higher education. Course delivery and course material distribution have already been in electronic form by using information and communication technology (ICT). This technology becomes cheaper and much easier to be used. Indonesia as a nation where its people spread in thousands of islands does not always have face-to-face university in each city. Meanwhile, the need of skilled worker is always increased. ODL then becomes an alternative to educate people by using different way of teaching and learning process. People who have difficulties in accessing face-to-face university can use ODL as an alternative to upgrade their education. The role of ICT in ODL become important since the students can learn by using ICT. The students cal also “meet” their colleagues virtually. Meanwhile, it was explored that ICT can be utilized for online examination. Online examination is more efficient, much faster in processing the examination result, and much cheaper in budget. This article discusses many aspects of strength and weakness which is faced by educational institutions in administering online examinations."

"Covid-19 pandemic has disturbed the education sector a great deal, especially on the teaching process. Remote teaching then becomes an absolute choice to solve that problem. This qualitative study aims to apprehend how remote teaching is prepared and executed during Covid-19 pandemic in a nonformal educational institution, in particular cram school. Data were obtained through interview with class coordinator, teachers, and students from a cram school in Depok via private messenger. The results of the interview were then examined using descriptive analysis. Findings show that social restriction or known as social distancing due to pandemic Covid-19 has urged educational institutions to make a quick response and formulate a solution for the sake of educational sustainability. The brief and hurried preparation for emergency remote teaching resulted in a period of shock and demanded for rapid adjustment by both teachers and students. Despite these outcomes, this study has shown that, even though some challenges have emerged throughout the online classes, remote teaching during Covid-19 pandemic in X cram school in Depok could run quite effectively.

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Pandemi Covid-19 telah sangat mengganggu sektor Pendidikan, terutama dalam proses belajar-mengajar. Covid-19 kemudian menyebabkan metode Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) menjadi pilihan yang mutlak untuk mengatasi persoalan tersebut. Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana persiapan dan pelaksanaan PJJ di Lembaga Pendidikan nonformal, dalam hal ini Lembaga bimbingan belajar. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara terhadap koordinator kelas, pengajar, dan siswa di sebuah Lembaga bimbingan belajar di Depok melalui pesan pribadi. Hasil wawancara kemudian diperiksa dengan analisis deskriptif. Diketahui bahwa pembatasan sosial atau social distancing telah mendesak lembaga-lembaga Pendidikan untuk melakukan respon cepat dan perumusan solusi demi keberlangsungan Pendidikan. Persiapan PJJ yang dilakukan dalam waktu singkat dan tergesa kemudian berakibat pada suatu periode kaget dan tuntutan akan penyesuaian yang cepat oleh pengajar dan siswa. Terlepas dari masalah tersebut, hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun muncul berbagai tantangan saat kelas daring berlangsung, pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh di Lembaga bimbingan belajar di Depok dapat berjalan dengan cukup efektif."

"Accesibility and quality of education especially for higher education has been a constant concem for the developing countries including South East Asian countries. Open and distance education (ODL) system seems to be the answers for increasing accesibility because of its cost effectiveness and flexibility. This article adresses efforts in expanding the quantity and improving quality in some ODL institutions in South East Asia. This article also presents specific exsperience and lessons learnt from Indonesia, particularly Universitas Terbuka, in responding to the issues of quantity expansion, improvement of student participation in higher education, and continual quality improvement of ODL."