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"Product differentiation are important, given consumers more critical and becomes selective Packaging is often referred to as "the five - second ads". In the beverage industry, there are many brands, varieties and taste in which consummers cannot often explain the difference between one brand from another...."

"Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh karakteristik perusahaan terhadap struktur modal. Perusahaan membutuhkan pendanaan dan modal untuk menjalankan kegiatan operasional. Pendanaan tersebut bisa berasal dari internal maupun eksternal perusahaan melalui hutang maupun ekuitas. Setiap perusahaan memiliki kebijakan perusahaan yang berbeda beda tergantung berbagai faktor, diantaranya ialah karakteristik perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh profitabilitas, likuiditas, ukuran perusahaan, pertumbuhan perusahaan dan struktur aktiva terhadap debt to equity ratio. Sampel yang digunakan ialah perusahaan dibidang consumer good yang tercatatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2015 – 2019 dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan mendapatkan sampel 40 perusahaan. Hasil penelitian pada sampel secara keseuluruhan menunjukkan bahwa variabel dependen secara bersama sama memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap struktur modal yang diukur dengan debt ratio. Adapun secara parsial, profitabilitas, pertumbuhan perusahaan dan struktur aktiva memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan. Sementara, likuiditas memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan. Variabel ukuran perusahaan tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap struktur modal.

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This study discusses the effect of company characteristics on capital structure. Companies need funding and capital to carry out operational activities. Funding can come from internal and external companies through debt or equity.. Every company has different company policies depending on various factors, including company characteristics. This study aims to determine the effect of profitability, liquidity, company size, company growth and asset structure on debt to equity ratio. The sample used is companies in the consumer good sector which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015 – 2019 obtained by using purposive sampling as many as 40 companies in the sample. . The results of the study on the sample as a whole show that the dependent variable together has a significant effect on capital structure as measured by the debt ratio. As for partially, profitability, company growth and asset structure have a significant positive effect. Meanwhile, liquidity has a significant negative effect. The firm size variable does not have a significant effect on capital structure."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakterisitk eksekutif perusahaan yang dilihat dari keberadaan direksi perempuan dan masa jabatan CEO serta karakteristik keuangan perusahaan melalui net working capital terhadap tingkat cash holdings perusahaan consumer goods di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel yang berasal dari 168 perusahaan consumer goods yang terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia dalam kurun waktu 2018-2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi panel dengan metode estimasi Random Effect Model. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang positif signifikan dari keberadaan direksi perempuan terhadap tingkat cadangan kas perusahaan consumer goods di Indonesia. Hal ini mendukung penjelasan motif kepemilikan kas berdasarkan precautionary motive. Selain itu penelitian ini juga menemukan adanya pengaruh negatif net working capital sebagai cash substitutes terhadap tingkat cadangan kas perusahaan consumer goods di Indonesia. Penelitian ini tidak menemukan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan dari masa jabatan CEO terhadap tingkat cadangan kas di Indonesia. 

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This study aims to analyze the impact of the company's executive characteristics as seen from the presence of female directors and the CEO tenure, as well as the company's financial characteristics through net working capital on corporate cash holdings of consumer goods firms in Indonesia. This study uses samples from 168 consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2018 - 2020. The research method being used is panel regression with the Random Effect Model as the estimation method. The results of this study indicate that there are significant positive effect of female directors on the cash holdings of consumer goods firms in Indonesia due to the precautionary motive of cash holdings. Furthermore, this study finds a significant negative effect of net working capital as cash substitutes on the cash holdings of consumer goods firms in Indonesia. Lastly, this study do not find any significant impact of CEO tenure on the cash holdings of consumer goods firms in Indonesia."

"Pertumbuhan ekonomi mengakibatkan tingkat konsumsi masyarakat meningkat, termasuk didalamnya adalah tingkat konsumsi barang consumer goods. Peningkatan tingkat konsumsi memberikan peluang bagi perusahaan-perusahaan untuk meingkatkan margin keuntungannya. Dengan persaingan dengan kompetitor yang begitu ketat, perencanaan produksi menjadi hal yang sangat vital bagi perusahaan. Peramalan jumlah permintaan barang yang akurat dibutuhkan untuk memperoleh operasi produksi yang efektif dan efisien. Metode ARIMA merupakan metode peramalan yang cukup populer untuk peramalan data time series dan terbukti memberikan hasil peramalan yang cukup akurat pada beberapa penelitian yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya. Sedangkan metode neural network memiliki keunggulan untuk mendeteksi pola nonlinear yang ada di dalam data sehingga memiliki performa yang baik saat digunakan untuk melakukan peramalan untuk data yang sifatnya nonlinear. Metode hybrid yang mengkombinasikan ARIMA dengan neural network juga diajukan dalam penelitian ini untuk menganalisis performa kombinasi model gabungan dalam melakukan peramalan. Dalam penelitian ini, neural network menjadi model dengan tingkat akurasi yang lebih baik dibandingkan metode lain.

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Economic growth results in increased consumptions levels of the citizen, including the consumption level of consumer goods. An increased level of consumption provides opportunity for companies to raise the profit margin. With tight competition against the competitor, production planning is very vital for the company. Forecasting an accurate number of demands is required to obtain production operation which are efficient and effective. ARIMA is one of the forecasting method which is a fairly popular for forecasting time series data and proven to give a fairly accurate forecasting result based on some researches that has been done before. While neural network method has advantages for detecting nonlinear patterns in the data, resulting a good performance when forecasting for the nonlinear nature of data. Hybrid method which combines the ARIMA with neural network also proposed in this study to analyze the performance of combination forecasting models. In this study, the neural network model with a better accuracy than other methods.

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Economic growth results in increased consumptions levels of the citizen, including the consumption level of consumer goods. An increased level of consumption provides opportunity for companies to raise the profit margin. With tight competition against the competitor, production planning is very vital for the company. Forecasting an accurate number of demands is required to obtain production operation which are efficient and effective. ARIMA is one of the forecasting method which is a fairly popular for forecasting time series data and proven to give a fairly accurate forecasting result based on some researches that has been done before. While neural network method has advantages for detecting nonlinear patterns in the data, resulting a good performance when forecasting for the nonlinear nature of data. Hybrid method which combines the ARIMA with neural network also proposed in this study to analyze the performance of combination forecasting models. In this study, the neural network. "

"Indonesia melakukan berbagai pendekatan dan strategi untuk kembali mencapai pertumbuhan ekonomi yang tinggi dan berkelanjutan pasca pandemi Covid-19. Pertumbuhan ekonomi dari lapangan usaha dan dari segi pengeluaran di tahun 2022 mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya dan secara geografis terjadi di seluruh Indonesia namun masih terkonsentrasi di Pulau Jawa terutama di wilayah DKI Jakarta dan Jawa Barat. Sektor industri fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) merupakan salah satu sektor yang menunjang pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pertumbuhan pengeluaran dengan jumlah tenaga kerja yang banyak namun juga turunover rate yang tinggi di berbagai negara. Sehingga intention to stay menjadi hal yang perlu diperhatikan oleh perusahaan di sektor FMCG. Beberapa hal yang memiliki hubungan dengan intention to stay adalah work as a calling theory yang terdiri dari perceiving a calling dan living a calling, lalu work volition, P-E fit, work meaning dan career commitment. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan work as a calling dan work volition terhadap intention to stay serta hubungan mediasi yang dapat muncul. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuesioner ke karyawan FMCG Area Jabodetabek. Analisis dan pengolahan data tergolong metode kuantitatif terhadap 595 responden dengan menggunakan LISREL. Hasil penelitian peran mediasi living callling pada perceiving calling dan intention to stay berpengaruh positif dan signifikan, begitu juga dengan mediasi yang dihasilkan oleh work meaning dan career commitment dari perceiving calling dan living calling. Jalur yang paling memengaruhi intention to stay karyawan adalah perceiving calling sehingga untuk meningkatkan intention to stay karyawan, perusahaan dapat melakukan goal settings, coaching, mentoring, maupun pemberian penghargaan kepada karyawan.

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Indonesia has implemented various approaches and strategies to regain high and sustainable economic growth post the Covid-19 pandemic. The economic growth in terms of business field and expenditures in 2022 has shown improvement compared to the previous year, and it is geographically spread across Indonesia, although still concentrated in Java Island, particularly in DKI Jakarta and West Java. The fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) industry is one of the sectors that supports economic and expenditure growth, employing a large number of workers but also experiencing a high turnover rate in various countries. Therefore, intention to stay is a crucial factor for companies in the FMCG sector to consider. Several factors that are related to intention to stay include the work as a calling theory, which consists of perceiving a calling and living a calling, as well as work volition, person-environment fit (P-E fit), work meaning, and career commitment. This research aims to investigate the relationship between work as a calling and work volition with intention to stay, as well as the potential mediating effects. Data collection was conducted through questionnaire distribution to FMCG employees in the Jabodetabek area. The data was analyzed using quantitative methods with LISREL, involving 595 respondents. The results of the study indicate that the mediating role of living calling in the relationship between perceiving calling and intention to stay is positively and significantly influential. Similarly, the mediating effects of work meaning and career commitment from perceiving calling and living calling are also significant. The path that has the most impact on employees' intention to stay is perceiving calling. Therefore, to enhance employees' intention to stay, companies can implement goal settings, coaching, mentoring, and recognition programs for their employees."

"In the development of electronic transaction, there is condition which puts consumer in a lower bargaining position, especially if the transaction held in an international trading. It will significantly reduce the consumer's bargaining position. The consumer's lower bargaining position is caused by the differences of jurisdiction that cause lack of legal certainty in a consumer disputes settlement. Law No. 11/2008 regulates about Information and Electronic Transaction does't discuss about international consumer disputes. Thus consumer needs legal protection such as state intervention in the field of transaction and business settlement. Consumer dispute settlement in an international electronic transaction must understand the rights of consumer so it can give legal choice and forum based on consumer law. There will be used by judges or arbiters as a consideration in order to settle consumer dispute. Therefore Online dispute Resolution (ODR) has been developed in order to vanish legal barriers in a process of settlement."

"Laporan magang ini membahas mengenai evaluasi proses pemecahan masalah dan perumusan strategi harga untuk produk perawatan kain yang dipasarkan oleh PT A. PT A merupakan perusahaan fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) multinasional yang menjual produk-produk dari berbagai kategori di Indonesia. Teori yang digunakan dalam melakukan evaluasi terhadap proses pemecahan masalah dan penetapan harga jual dari produk perawatan kain PT A adalah teori kerangka berpikir dari McKinsey (2005) dan teori penetapan harga jual dari Datar dan Rajan (2018). Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, terdapat kekurangan pada proses pemecahan masalah yang disebabkan oleh tidak terdapatnya indikator terukur seperti target pertumbuhan penjualan dan durasi untuk mencapai target pertumbuhan tersebut dalam problem statement yang dirumuskan. Selain itu, terdapat kekurangan pada proses penetapan harga jual produk yakni tidak dipertimbangkannya faktor biaya produksi.

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This internship report discusses the evaluation of problem-solving processes and pricing strategy formulation for a fabric care product marketed by PT A. PT A is a multinational fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) company that sells products from various categories in Indonesia. The theories used in evaluating the problem-solving processes and pricing determination for PT A's fabric care product are the McKinsey problemsolving framework (2005) and the pricing determination theory by Datar and Rajan (2018). Based on the evaluation results, there are shortcomings in the problem-solving process caused by the lack of defined measurable indicators such as sales growth target and the timeframe to achieve the target in the formulated problem statement. Additionally, there are shortcomings in the pricing strategy formulation process, as the production cost factor was not considered in the analysis processes"

"ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas mengenai peran atribut consumer durable goods untuk planetary mixer SM-201 dalam menyusun strategi bauran pemasaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksploratori (teknik in-depth-interview) dan metode penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan kepada 100 responden melalui teknik probability sampling. Berdasarkan hasil in-depth interview didapatkan 12 atribut consumer durable goods planetary mixer yang dibagi menjadi 2 kategori yaitu atribut instrinsik (tahan lama, reliabilitas mixer, kemudahan penggunaan, performansi, kemudahan servis, fitur, desain) dan atribut ekstrinsik (harga, merek, negara asal pembuat, garansi dan brand image). 12 atribut ini akan diuji hubungannya dengan karakteristik demografi responden.Penelitian ini menghasilkan 4 cluster pelanggan yaitu cluster 1 (warranty-lover), cluster 2 (durable-lover), cluster 3 (price economic-lover) dan cluster 4 (comfortlover). Strategi bauran pemasaran produk yang akan dilakukan yaitu menerapkan proses produk augmented dan memprioritaskan atribut yang diinginkan pelanggan berdasarkan cluster pelanggan. Strategi bauran pemasaran distribusi dilakukan dengan sistem distribusi hibrid dan terpusat di kantor Jakarta. Strategi bauran pemasaran promosi dilakukan dengan pameran bakery, demo bakery dan sales door-to-door. Strategi bauran pemasaran harga dilakukan dengan pemberian diskon khusus dan pembayaran mesin secara kredit.

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ABSTRACT

This thesis discusses the role of consumer durable goods attributes for planetary mixer SM-201 in developing marketing mix strategy. This research uses exploratory research (technical in-depth-interviews) and descriptive research method. The research is conducted with 100 respondents through probability sampling technique. Based on the results of in-depth interviews found 12 attributes of consumer durable goods planetary mixers are divided into 2 categories: intrinsic attributes (durability, reliability mixer, ease of use, performance, serviceability, features, design) and extrinsic attributes (price, brand, county-of-origin, warranty and brand image). 12 attributes will be tested which are related to the demographic characteristics of respondents.

This research resulted in four clusters, namely cluster 1 (warranty-lover), cluster 2 (durablelover), cluster 3 (price economic-lover) and cluster 4 (comfort-lover). Marketing mix strategy will be applied the augmented product process and prioritize attributes desired based on customer clusters. Marketing mix strategy distribution will be applied with hybrid and centralized distribution system in the Jakarta office. Marketing mix promotion will be applied by the bakery exhibition, bakery demos and sales door-to-door. Price marketing mix will be applied by assigning a special discount and on credit-payment machines."

"Merek fesyen mewah memiliki prestise yang signifikan dalam sektor industri premium, menarik konsumen dengan kombinasi eksklusif antara kualitas, keahlian, dan ekspresi artistik. Merek-merek ini tidak hanya menyediakan produk kelas atas yang dibuat dari bahan terbaik, tetapi juga mengabadikan warisan mereka melalui desain sempurna dan daya tarik yang bertahan lama. Sebagai simbol status dan perwujudan dari gaya hidup tertentu, merek fesyen mewah secara konsisten memikat konsumen dengan kreasi visual yang menakjubkan, narasi pemasaran yang memikat, dan identitas merek yang kuat. Selain itu, investasi signifikan dalam praktik berkelanjutan dan inisiatif tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan membentuk kembali masa depan fesyen mewah, membuktikan bahwa merek-merek yang dihargai ini dapat beradaptasi dan berkembang di dunia yang terus berubah sambil tetap mempertahankan esensi kesenangan dan eksklusivitas mereka. Namun demikian, meskipun inflasi tinggi, ketidakpastian lapangan kerja, dan resesi yang membayangi, konsumen kaya masih membeli merek-merek mewah yang mahal ini. Studi ini mengeksplorasi dampak antara kebutuhan psikologis dan konsumsi barang mewah. Menggunakan Teori Kelas Kenyamanan Veblen (1899)-- menggunakan istilah "konsumsi yang mencolok" untuk menggambarkan barang dan jasa yang mahal, di mana Veblen menjelaskan tujuan konsumsi yang mencolok adalah untuk menunjukkan kekayaan dan posisi sosial, juga terintegrasi dengan kertas oleh Han, Nunes and Dreze (2010)--berisi penjelasan tentang The Luxury 4Ps, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan kebutuhan psikologis induktif dan deduktif dari konsumsi barang mewah dan membuktikan bahwa tujuan dari konsumsi barang mewah adalah untuk menampilkan kekayaan dan status sosial.

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Luxury fashion brands hold significant prestige within the premium sector of the industry, appealing to consumers with an exclusive combination of quality, craftsmanship, and artistic expression. These brands not only provide high-end products crafted from the finest materials but also perpetuate their legacy through impeccable design and enduring desirability. As status symbols and embodiments of a particular lifestyle, luxury fashion brands consistently captivate consumers with visually stunning creations, captivating marketing narratives, and powerful brand identities. Moreover, significant investments in sustainable practices and corporate social responsibility initiatives are reshaping the future of luxury fashion, proving that these cherished brands can adapt and thrive in a changing world while retaining their essence of indulgence and exclusivity. Nevertheless, despite high inflation, employment uncertainty, and looming recession, fake affluent consumers are still buying these pricey luxury brands. This study explores the impact between psychological needs and luxury consumption. Using Veblen's Theory of Convenience Classes (1899)-- using the term "conspicuous consumption" to describe expensive goods and services, in which Veblen explained the purpose of conspicuous consumption was to demonstrate wealth and social position, also integrated with the paper by Han, Nunes and Dreze (2010)--contains an explanation of The Luxury 4Ps, this study aims to explain the inductive and deductive psychological needs of luxury consumption and proves that the purpose of luxury consumption was to display wealth and social status."

"Kompetisi industri FMCG yang sangat tinggi mendorong perusahaan-perusahaan FMCG di Indonesia untuk melakukan manajemen rantai pasoknya dengan semakin baik. Salah satu pihak yang berperan penting dalam manajemen rantai pasok adalah pemasok. Maka dari itu, evaluasi pemasok diperlukan untuk memastikan input diterima oleh perusahaan sesuai dengan persyaratan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat rancangan evaluasi kinerja pemasok beserta kriteria dan subkriteria yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan perusahaan FMCG. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode ANP dan TOPSIS. Penelitian dimulai dengan melakukan pengumpulan kriteria dan subkriteria dari studi literatur dan braintroming dengan responden yang merupakan ahli pada perusahaan FMCG. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner I kepada responden untuk menentukan kriteria dan subkriteria yang digunakan dalam penelitian. Kemudian, kuesioner II digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan keterkaitan. Lalu, kuesioner III disebarkan untuk melakukan perbandingan berpasangan. Setelah itu, spreadsheet evaluasi kinerja pemasok dibuat dengan menggunakan Ms. Excel agar hasil penelitian dapat digunakan oleh perusahaan FMCG untuk waktu yang panjang. Terakhir, penilaian untuk tiap pemasok dilakukan pada spreadsheet berdasarkan kriteria dan subkriteria yang sudah memiliki nilai bobot. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kriteria dengan kepentingan tertinggi yakni pelayanan (38,8%), hubungan (16,8%) dan kapabilitas (14,2%) serta dengan kepentingan tertinggi adalah subkriteria komunikasi (16,9%), penyelesaian masalah (13,2%) dan kepercayaan terhadap pemasok (13,2%).

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High competitiveness of the FMCG industry in Indonesia has encourages FMCG companies in Indonesia to apply ways to improve their supply chain management. One of the parties that plays an important role in SCM is supplier. Therefore, supplier evaluation is needed to ensure that all the input that are received by the company meet the requirements. This research aims to design supplier performance evaluation along with the criteria and sub-criteria that are suitable for the needs of FMCG companies using the ANP and TOPSIS methods. The research begins by collecting criteria and sub-criteria from the literature study and brainstorming with respondents who are experts in a FMCG company. Data processing was done by distributing questionnaire I to three respondents to determine the criteria and sub-criteria for the research, questionnaire II to identify the relationship and questionnaire III to do pairwise comparisons. Then, supplier performance evaluation tool was made using Ms. Excel so the FMCG company can adopt the results of this research for long-term purpose. Finally, the assessment for each supplier was done on the spreadsheet based on the weighted criteria and sub-criteria. The results are the criteria with the highest importance, namely service (38.8%), relationships (16.8%) and capabilities (14.2%) and the sub-criteria with the highest importance are communication (16.9%), problem solving (13.2%) and trust in suppliers (13.2%)."