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"This research wants to find out the character and function of mamak (the maternal uncle) and ninik mamak (the adat chiefs) and also the background their depiction in Sitti Nurbaya and Anak dan Kemenakan by Marah Rusli. The theoretical framework which is applied in the research is sociology literature approach. The application of this theory in this research based on the point of view that literature is a social and cultural product that could be able to analysis with the social and cultural approach. Literary work, then, cannot be fully understood apart from the milieu or culture in which it was produced. It must be studied in the widest possible context. Every literary work is the result of a complex interaction of social an cultural factors.The conclusion of this research states that the depiction of mamak and ninik mamak of Sitti Nurbaya and Anak dan Kemenakan are different from the concept of them according to Minangkabau's custom. Mamak and Ninik mamak are two important elements in whole Minangkabau social structure. They have responsibility in daily life of their own matrilineal kinship group. They also have to respected to the adat regulation. In Sitti Nurbaya and Anak dan Kemenakan, mamak dan ninik mamak are depicted in the atmosphere conflict between those who wishes and disires to keep the tradition and those who wishes an improvement in apply of adat.The depiction of the character and the function of them is influenced by several factors. Firstly, the background of the writer. Marah Rusli came from the coastal lowland of Minangkabau (Rantau) which it has differentiation in social culture from the interior highland (Darat). Secondly, Sitti Nurbaya and Anak dan Kemanakan are published by Balai Pustaka which it had several clafication and wisdom in publishing literary work. Thirdly, the social history influences. The education aspect has a stimulating effect on awakening Indonesia young generation's consciousness in their life. Marah Rusli, one of the Indonesia young writer, was influenced by the time and his education and wishes an improvement in application of adat system in society."

"ABSTRAKFokus penelitian ini adalah analisis mengenai budaya Minangkabau dan konflik budaya di dalam novel Salah Pilih. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Tujuan dari penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk menjelaskan budaya Minangkabau dan konflik budaya yang terdapat dalam novel Salah Pilih karya Nur Sutan Iskandar. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat budaya Minangkabau, seperti kawin muda, perjodohan, tata cara perkawinan, pakaian adat, sistem kekerabatan matrilinel, merantau, harta pusaka, penghulu, adat sopan santun, rumah gadang, dan konflik budaya yang dilakukan tokoh lelaki di dalam novel ini.

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ABSTRACTThis research is focused in analyzing about culture of Minangkabau and culture conflict in novel Salah Pilih by Nur Sutan Iskandar. The method of this research is analysis descriptive. The purpose of this research is to explain culture of Minangkabau and culture conflict in novel Salah Pilih by Nur Sutan Iskandar. The conclusion of this research is there are Minangkabau cultures, such marriage procedure, culture fashion, matriarchy, merantau, treasures, penghulu, attitude culture, gadang house, and culture conflict by male characters."

"Alasan penulis memilih Buya Hamka dan kritik yang di_lakukannya terhadap adat Minangkabau sebagai topik skripsi ini adalah pertama: penulis mengagumi pribadi tokoh Buya Hamka sendiri, khususnya dalam peranannya sebagai seorang ulama, karena sikap dan pandangannya yang luwes dalam meng_hadapi setiap masalah agama yang diajukan kepadanya. Kedua, penulis menyukai gaya bahasa yang digunakannya, baik dalam tulisan-tulisannya maupun khotbah-khotbahnya. Gaya bahasa yang digunakannya sangat menarik, sederhana, namun cukup komunikatif sehingga mudah diikuti oleh para pembaca atau pendengarnya yang berasal dari berbagai lapisan masya_rakat dan golongan. Dan terakhir, penulis juga merasa tertarik kepada kritik yang dilakukannya terhadap adat Minangka_bau yang menurut pendapatnya tidak sesuai dengan ajaran agama Islam dan juga tidak sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman. Alasan yang terakhir inilah yang akan penulis bahas dalam skripsi ini, yaitu mengenai kritiknya terhadap adat Minangkabau_"