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ABSTRAKKelangkaan sumber energi di dunia sekarang ini menimbulkan polemik di masyarakat, yang berujung kepada sulitnya mendapatkan sumber energi itu sendiri. Hal demikian juga terjadi pada masyarakat kota Plered, Purwakarta yang
mayoritas penduduknya berprofesi sebagai pengrajin keramik dan gerabah. Semakin mahalnya bahan bakar untuk pembakaran gerabah menyebabkan harga gerabah itu semakin naik, yang berujung pada kalah saingnya nilai jual gerabah terhadap produk-produk plastik. Hal ini tidak baik karena lambat laun ciri khas kota Plered sebagai kota penghasil gerabah akan redup dan menghilang. Untuk itulah diperlukan teknologi alternatif yang menggunakan bahan bakar alternatif sebagai pengganti dari bahan bakar fosil, sehingga produksi gerabah di kota Plered tidak hilang. Salah satunya melalui teknologi gasifikasi, yang menghasilkan gas mampu bakar dengan mengkonversikan bahan bakar padat, khususnya biomassa. Penelitian sebelumnya sudah dilakukan dengan menitikberatkan pemakaian cangkang kelapa sebagai bahan bakar biomassa penggerak sistem gasifikasi ini. Akan tetapi, penggunaan biomassa cangkang kelapa ini dinilai kurang efektif mengingat pemakaiannya yang masih banyak di masyarakat, dan lagi produksinya masih tidak se-massal sekam padi, yang merupakan produk pokok rakyat Indonesia. Untuk itulah pada penelitian ini dilakukan optimasi sistem gasifikasi menggunakan bahan bakar sekam padi. Penelitian dititikberatkan pada modifikasi reaktor gasifikasi dan mencari kestabilan api untuk pembakaran gerabah, sehingga didapat pembakaran yang efektif dan murah.
ABSTRACTThe lack of energy sources in today's world poses a polemic in the society, which led to the difficulty of getting an energy source itself. This problem likewise occurred in the society of Plered, Purwakarta that majority of the population made their living as artisans of ceramics and pottery. The more expensive fuel for burning the pottery the more expensive the pottery price will be, which resulted in lost sales value of pottery competitiveness from plastic products. This is not good because gradually the characteristic town of the
pottery-producing city of Plered will dim and disappear. So, it is necessary to find the alternative technologies that use alternative fuels in replacement of fossil fuel, that result in the production value of pottery in Plered will not decline. One of the alternative technologies is through gasification technology, that able to convert solid fuels into combustible gas, in particular biomass fuels. Previous research had already been done by focusing on the use of coconut shell as fuel in biomass gasification. However, the use of coconut shell biomass as gasification fuel is less effective considering the use this biomass that are still many in the society, and also its sources is not as many as rice husk biomass, which is the major product of Indonesia. On that, the research will be done by optimizating the gasification biomass system using rice husk fuel. The research will be focused on gasification reactor modification and acquire the stability of flame in gasification burner to burn the potteries, so the combustion will more effective and affordable., The lack of energy sources in today's world poses a polemic in the society,
which led to the difficulty of getting an energy source itself. This problem
likewise occurred in the society of Plered, Purwakarta that majority of the
population made their living as artisans of ceramics and pottery. The more
expensive fuel for burning the pottery the more expensive the pottery price will
be, which resulted in lost sales value of pottery competitiveness from plastic
products. This is not good because gradually the characteristic town of the
pottery-producing city of Plered will dim and disappear. So, it is necessary to find
the alternative technologies that use alternative fuels in replacement of fossil fuel,
that result in the production value of pottery in Plered will not decline. One of the
alternative technologies is through gasification technology, that able to convert
solid fuels into combustible gas, in particular biomass fuels. Previous research had
already been done by focusing on the use of coconut shell as fuel in biomass
gasification. However, the use of coconut shell biomass as gasification fuel is less
effective considering the use this biomass that are still many in the society, and
also its sources is not as many as rice husk biomass, which is the major product of
Indonesia. On that, the research will be done by optimizating the gasification
biomass system using rice husk fuel. The research will be focused on gasification
reactor modification and acquire the stability of flame in gasification burner to
burn the potteries, so the combustion will more effective and affordable.]"
