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"Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bursa Efek Jakarta atas 149 perusahaan yang melakukan Initial Public Offering dari periode 1994 sampai dengan 2003. Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan adanya tindakan oportunistik perusahaan pada saat melalaikan IPO, menguji pengaruh manajemen laba terhadap kinerja jangka panjang perusahaan, membuktikan adanya fenomena penurunan kinerja jangka panjang (underperformance) perusahaan setelah IPO serta untuk memberikan gambaran dan perbandingan mengenai berbagai metode perhitungan manajemen laba dan kinerja jangka panjang perusahaan IPO tersebut.Manajemen laba pada penelitian ini akan diproksikan oleh 2 variabel akrual yaitu discretionary current accrual (DCA) dan discretionary long term accrual (DLA) serta oleh 2 variabel real activities manipulation yaitu real activities manipulation melalui CFO dan COGS. Sedangkan fenomena penurunan kinerja jangka panjang akan diukur berdasarkan ukuran kinerja pasar (metode cumulative abnormal retum dan buy and hold return) dan kinerja operasi untuk periode 1 tahun, 2 tahun dan 3 tahun setelah IPO. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam melakukan penelitian ini adalah dengan melakukan uji beda dan regresi berganda.Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa (1) terjadi manajemen laba pada saat perusahaan melakukan IPO dengan menggunakan proksi akiual diskretioner namun tidak untuk proksi real activities manipulation (2) variabel manajemen laba (DCA dan DLA) hanya dapat mempengaruhi kinerja pasar dalam jangka waktu 1 tahun dan (3) adanya fenomena underperformance atas perusahaan publik dalam pasar Indonesia. Sedangkan hipotesa bahwa DCA merupakan variabel yang paling superior mempengaruhi penurunan kinerja jangka panjang dan bahwa kinerja jangka panjang perusahaan yang melakukan manajemen laba secara agresif pada saat IPO lebih buruk daripada perusahaan yang melakukan manajemen laba secara konservatif, tidak didukung oleh penelitian ini.

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This study investigates 149 Initial Public Offering (IPO) made by companies listed in Jakarta Stock Exchange (JSX) from 1994 up to 2003. In general, this study is aimed to prove whether firms opportunistically manipulate earnings in the period of IPO. Specifically this study examine the effect of earnings management on firms long term performance, to investigate whether company experience a phenomena of post IPO underperformance, and provide explanation and comparison of several methods of earning management and long-term performance measurement.

In this study, earnings management proxies by two accruals variable which are discretionary current accruals and discretionary long term accruals and another two variable of real activities manipulation; real activities manipulation through CFO and COGS. In addition, the underperformance phenomenon is measured by market performance (Cumulative Abnormal Return and Buy and Hold method) and operation performance for periods 1 years after IPO, 2 years after IPO and 3 years after IPO’s date. The methodologies used in this thesis are t test and multiple regression models.

This study results (1) eamings management finds through accruals but not through real activities manipulation (2) eamings management effect stock performance 1 year after IPO and (3) underperformance phenomena toward public companies in Indonesia. Otherwise, this research does not support discretionary current accrual as the superior variable that caused the decrease of after market performance. Finally, this research suggests IPO issuers with aggressive earnings management does not poor stock return than conservative earnings management."

"Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh manajemen laba akrual dan manajemen laba riil (arus kas operasi abnormal, biaya produksi abnormal, dan biaya diskresioner abnormal) terhadap kinerja perusahaan setelah SEO. Pengujian hipotesis penelitian menggunakan model regresi dengan total sampel 58 perusahaan non-keuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama tahun 2000-2009 dengan total observasi 122 perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa arus kas operasi abnormal berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan setahun setelah SEO yaitu semakin rendah arus kas operasi abnormal menunjukkan perusahaan tersebut melakukan manajemen laba riil sehingga mengakibatkan penurunan kinerja perusahan setelah SEO dan biaya produksi abnormal memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan setahun setelah SEO, yaitu semakin tinggi biaya produksi abnormal menunjukkan perusahaan melakukan manajemen laba riil dan mengakibatkan penurunan kinerja perusahan setahun setelah SEO. Selain itu, akrual diskresioner dan biaya produksi abnormal berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan dua tahun setelah SEO. Semakin tinggi akrual diskresioner dan biaya produksi abnormal akan menyebabkan semakin rendah kinerja perusahaan dua tahun setelah SEO. Namun, hasil lainnya menunjukkan bahwa biaya diskresioner abnormal tidak memiliki pengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan setahun dan dua tahun setelah SEO.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze and determine the effect of accrual earnings management and real earnings management (abnormal operating cash flow, abnormal production costs, and abnormal discretionary expenses) on the performance of the company after the SEO. Testing hypotheses using regression models with a total sample of 58 non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the years 2000-2009 with a total of 122 firm observations. The results show that abnormal operating cash flows have significant positive effect on the performance of the company one year after the SEO, lower amount of abnormal operating cash flow show real earnings management and result in lower company performance after SEO and abnormal production costs has a significant negative effect on the performance of the company one year after the SEO where the increasing of abnormal production costs show real earnings management and the result in lower company performance after SEO. In addition, discretionary accruals and abnormal production costs has significantly negative effect on the company performance of the two years after the SEO. Increasing discretionary accruals and abnormal production costs result in lower company performance two years after SEO. Nevertheless, the abnormal discretionary expenses does not have effect on the one year and two year company performance after SEO."

"Penelitian ini menyelidiki hubungan porsi saham yang ditawarkan ke publik oleh perusahaan pada saat melakukan initial public offering (IPO) dengan kinerja jangka panjang saham perusahaan di Indonesia. Sampel penelitian meliputi 140 IPO perusahaan non-keuangan di Indonesia pada periode 2000-2010. Metode pengukuran kinerja jangka panjang saham menggunakan market-adjusted cumulative abnormal returns dan buy-and-hold returns. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan nonlinear antara porsi kepemilikan saham publik (free float) dengan kinerja jangka panjang saham pada periode 36 bulan setelah IPO dilakukan. Hubungan nonlinear antara free float dengan kinerja jangka panjang saham bertahan setelah dikontrol terhadap kinerja operasional perusahaan satu tahun sebelum IPO.

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This research aims to investigate the relationship between percentage of stocks offered to the public by firms (public float) at the time they went public and their long-term aftermarket performances. Research sample includes 140 IPOs of Indonesian non-financial listed companies within 2000-2010 periods. Market-adjusted cumulative abnormal returns and buy-and-hold returns methods are used to measure the long-term performance. The research finding shows the existence of a nonlinear relationship between public float percentage and long-term aftermarket performance 36-months after the IPO. This nonlinear relationship persists even after controlling pre-IPO operating performance."

"This study investigates 149 Initial Public Offering (IPO) in Jakarta Stocke EXchange (JSX) from 1994 up to 2003. In general, this study is aimed to prove whether firms opprtunistically manage earnings in the period of IPO. Specifically this study examines the effect of earnings management on firms long term perfomance and provides explanation as well as comparison of several measures of earning management and long-term performance. In this study, earning management is measured by two accrual variables which are discretionary current accruals and discretionary long term accruals and by two variables of discretionary real activities through Cash Flow from Operation (CFO) and Cost of Goods Sold (COGS). In addition, the underperformance phenomenon is measured by market performance (Cumulative Abnormal Return and Buy and Hold Return Method) for periods 1 years after IPO, 2 years after IPO and 3 years after IPO's date. The hypothesis testing used in this thesis are t tesr and multiple regression models. The results show (1) earnings management is conducted through accruals but not through real activities manipulation and (2) earnings management affects stock performance 1 year after IPO. Finally, this research finds that there is no difference in stock performance for IPO issuers with aggressive and conservative earnings management.examines the effect of earnings management on firms long term performance and provides explanation as well as comparison of several measures of earning management and long term performance. "

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeteksi keberadaan kebijakan manajemen laba yang menyertai pada implementasi IPO, mendeteksi fenomena underpricing pada hari pertama perdagangan IPO, serta menguji performa jangka panjang saham. Manajemen laba pada penelitian ini diukur dengan proksi discretionary accrual yang merujuk pada Modified Jones Model. Underpricing diukur dari initial return yang diterima oleh investor. Performa jangka panjang saham diukur dengan buy and hold returns.Hasil yang ditunjukkan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan secara signifikan menerapkan manajemen laba selama periode observasi dan mengalami underpricing pada hari pertama perdagangan saham pada pasar sekunder. Selanjutnya, hasil juga membuktikan bahwa underpricing tidak berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kinerja saham yang dialami oleh perusahaan yang melakukan IPO.

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The purpose in this research is detecting the presence of earning management policy that accompanying the IPO implementation, detecting under pricing phenomenon at the first day of IPO and testing the long-term stock performance after IPO. The tested performances include financial and stock performances. The earning management in the research was measured by proxy discretionary accrual that refer to the Modified Jones Model. Under pricing was measured by initial return, that is the initial stock that received by investor. The long-term stock performance was measured by buy and hold returns.

The results showed that companies significantly conduct earning management during all observation period and experience under pricing method at the first day when the stock was traded at secondary market. Then, the results prove the presence of underpricing does not affect underperformance in long-term that experienced by companies that conduct IPO."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penggunaan manajemen laba akrual dan manajemen laba riil (manipulasi aktivitas penjualan, overproduction, serta pengurangan biaya diskresioner) pada perusahaan yang melakukan IPO di periode 2002-2011, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi preferensi manajemen laba akrual versus manajemen laba riil, serta dampaknya pada kinerja keuangan pasca IPO. Penelitian ini menemukan perusahaan melakukan manajemen laba akrual diskresioner serta manajemen laba riil (manipulasi aktivitas penjualan ataupun overproduction) pada periode satu tahun sebelum IPO dan saat IPO. Dari faktor auditor eksternal, masa audit, serta level net operating asset (NOA), hanya level NOA ditemukan berdampak pada kecenderungan perusahaan untuk tidak memilih manipulasi aktivitas penjualan ataupun overproduction. Selain itu, ditemukan pula bahwa dari penggunaan manajemen laba akrual dan riil, hanya penggunaan manajemen laba riil pengurangan biaya diskresioner yang berdampak negatif pada kinerja perusahaan.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate whether firms conducting IPO on 2002 - 2011 engaged in accrual earnings management and real earnings management (sales manipulation, over-production, and reduction in discretionary expense), factors that influence the tendency to engage in accrual versus real earnings management, and the impact of those earnings management on firm‟s performance after IPO. The results show that firms used accrual earnings management and real earnings management (sales manipulation or over-production) in one year before IPO and in IPO-year. Among external audit-firm, audit tenure, and the level of net operating asset (NOA) factors, only level of NOA is found to affect the tendency not to engage in sales manipulation or over-production. It is also found that only reduction in discretionary expense that found to significantly affect the decrease on firm‟s performance.

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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh volatilitas laba yang dimiliki oleh perusahaan terhadap praktek manajemen laba pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2007-2010 dengan menggunakan 102 perusahaan sampel sehingga total observasi berjumlah 408 observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa volatilitas laba berpengaruh secara positif terhadap praktek manajemen laba, yaitu manajemen laba riil melalui manipulasi biaya produksi. Selain itu, volatilitas laba yang tinggi berpengaruh positif lebih besar terhadap praktek manajemen laba riil dibandingkan manajemen laba akrual. Penelitian ini juga menganalisis pengaruh praktek manajemen laba yang dilakukan perusahaan tersebut terhadap kebijakan over/ under investment perusahaan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktek manajemen laba akruallah berhubungan positif dengan adanya kebijakan over/ under investment perusahaan. Penelitian ini juga membuktikan bahwa manajemen laba akrual memberikan pengaruh positif lebih besar pada kebijakan over/ under investment perusahaan dibandingkan dengan jenis manajemen laba riil.

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ABSTRACTThis research discusses about the analysis of the impact of earning volatility toward the practice of earning management through real activities and accrual manipulation on the manufacture sector company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2007-2010 by using 102 companies as samples, result in 408 total observations. The result shows that earning volatility has a positive relationship with the practice of real activities earning management through production cost manipulation. Then, the earning volatility has bigger positive relationship with the earning management through real activities than earning management through accruals. This research also discusses the impact analysis of earning management toward the over/ under investment policy of the company.The result shows that only earning management through accruals has positive relationship with over/under investment policy. This research also shows that earning management through accruals has bigger positive relationship with the over/ under investment policy than earning management through real activities."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan bukti empiris atas pengaruh leveragedan konvergensi IFRS terhadap manajemen laba melalui manipulasi aktivitas riildan peran moderasi dari konvergensi IFRS terhadap hubungan leverage terhadapmanajemen laba melalui manipulasi aktivitas riil pada perusahaan ? perusahaanyang terdaftar di bursa yang sudah melakukan konvergensi IFRS secara penuh.Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam lingkup negara ? negara di Asia yang terdiri darienam negara sampel, yaitu negara Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipina, Sri Lanka, Cinadan Hong Kong. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa leveragememiliki pengaruh negatif terutama pada negara maju (Hong Kong, Malaysia danCina). Sedangkan konvergensi IFRS memiliki pengaruh positif terhadapmanajemen laba melalui manipulasi aktivitas riil terutama pada negara maju(Hong Kong, Malaysia dan Cina) dan negara yang menggunakan strategi gradual(Cina, Indonesia, Malaysia dan Sri Lanka). Selain itu penelitian ini jugamenunjukkan bahwa Konvergensi IFRS memperlemah pengaruh leverageterhadap manajemen laba melalui manipulasi aktivitas riil terutama pada negaramaju dan negara yang menggunakan strategi gradual sedangkan pada negaraberkembang dan negara yang menggunakan strategi big bang konvergensi IFRSjustru semakin memperkuat pengaruh leverage terhadap manajemen laba melaluimanipulasi aktivitas riil.

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ABSTRACTThe purpose of this research is to find empirical evidence on the effect of leverageand IFRS convergence on earnings management through real activitiesmanipulation and the moderation role of the IFRS convergence toward therelationship leverage on earnings management through real activitiesmanipulation on listed companies in the stock exchange that have already fullyconverged with IFRS. This research covers several Asian countries whichconsisted of six sample countries, such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, SriLanka, China and Hong Kong. Based on this research, it was found that leveragehas a negative effect especially in developed countries (Hong Kong, Malaysia andChina). While IFRS convergence has a positive effect on earnings managementthrough real activities manipulation, especially in developed countries (HongKong, Malaysia and China) and countries that use the strategy of gradual (China,Indonesia, Malaysia and Sri Lanka). The results of this research also showed thatthe convergence of IFRS weakened the leverage effect on earnings managementthrough real activities manipulation, especially in developed countries andcountries that use the strategy of gradual, while in developing countries andcountries that use the strategy of the big bang, the convergence of IFRS strengthened the leverage effect on earnings management through real activitiesmanipulation"