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"Numerical continuation methods have provided important contributions toward the numerical solution of nonlinear systems of equations for many years. The methods may be used not only to compute solutions, which might otherwise be hard to obtain, but also to gain insight into qualitative properties of the solutions. Introduction to Numerical Continuation Methods, originally published in 1979, was the first book to provide easy access to the numerical aspects of predictor corrector continuation and piecewise linear continuation methods. Not only do these seemingly distinct methods share many common features and general principles, they can be numerically implemented in similar ways. Introduction to Numerical Continuation Methods also features the piecewise linear approximation of implicitly defined surfaces, the algorithms of which are frequently used in computer graphics, mesh generation, and the evaluation of surface integrals. To help potential users of numerical continuation methods create programs adapted to their particular needs, this book presents pseudo-codes and Fortran codes as illustrations. Since it first appeared, many specialized packages for treating such varied problems as bifurcation, polynomial systems, eigenvalues, economic equilibria, optimization, and the approximation of manifolds have been written. The original extensive bibliography has been updated in the SIAM Classics edition to include more recent references and several URLs so users can look for codes to suit their needs or write their own based on the models included in the book."

"Pesawat terbang merupakan wahana udara yang dirancang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan manusia akan transportasi yang lebih cepat. Dalam merancang pesawat terbang satu di antara beberapa bidang ilmu penting yang perlu diperhatikan adalah memodelkan dan mengontrol gerakan pesawat terbang yang terdiri dari kinematika, dinamika, dan stabilitas, sehingga pesawat mampu bermanouver sesuai dengan yang diinginkan. Sistem gerak pesawat merupakan sistem MIMO (Multi Input Multi Output), di mana masing-masing input saling mempengaruhi (berinteraksi) sehingga relatif kompleks untuk dianalisa. Oleh karena itu penerapan metode decoupling pada sistem gerak pesawat akan mengurangi (bahkan menghilangkan) pengaruh interaksi tersebut. Data pesawat dalam penelitian tesis ini diambil dari pesawat CHARLIE [2]. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa, sebelum adanya pengendali, gerak pesawat mempunyai karakteristik tidak stabil, karena ada nilai eigen yang positif yaitu 3,4 0.0006 0.0512i l = ± . Tetapi gerak pesawat masih dapat dikontrol (controllability) dan dapat diamati (observability) secara lengkap, karena matriks controllability dan matriks observability mempunyai full rank yaitu 4. Kemudian, setelah menggunakan pengendali dengan metoda decoupling gerakan pesawat sangat setabil, karena output w dapat mengikuti set-point setelah sekitar 12 detik, dan output q dapat mengikuti set-point setelah sekitar 14 detik.

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Aircraft is mode air transportation faster movement. For designing model an aircraft need sufficient knowledge field of controls such as kinematic, dynamics and stability to fulfill requirement as needed. Parameters data for calculation and simulation longitudinal motion to be used in this thesis are taken from CHARLIE aircraft [2].

Before using controller, aircraft has unstable characteristics, because it has two positive eigen value i.e. 3,4 0.0006 0.0512i l = ± . Aircraft still both controllable and observable, because has full rank controllability and observability matrix i.e. 4. Design controller in this thesis using decoupling method because this method can be able elimination interaction multi input multi output. After using controller, motion of aircraft is very stable, both output, vertical velocity w and angular speed q match set-point."

"Nanorod Seng oksida (ZnO) memiliki sifat optik yang menarik untuk aplikasi devais optoelektronik dan dapat disintesis dengan metode kimia sederhana dan berbiaya rendah, seperti metode hidrotermal. Dalam penelitian ini nanorod ZnO ditumbuhkan di atas substrat kaca transparan berlapis indium tin oxide (ITO) melalui dua tahap, dimana tahap pertama lapisan benih dideposisi pada substrat dengan menggunakan metode ultrasonic spray pyrolisis frekuensi 1,7 MHz dan tahap kedua yaitu penumbuhan struktur nanorod dengan metode hidrotermal. Dalam penelitian ini, benih ZnO nanorod dideposisi dengan tiga variasi waktu deposisi (10, 20, dan 30 menit) dan ditumbuhkan dengan tiga variasi konsentrasi prekursor (0,02 M, 0,06 M, dan 0,1 M) dan tiga variasi waktu tumbuh (2, 4, dan 6 jam). Karakterisasi nanorod ZnO meliputi morfologi permukaan oleh field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), struktur kristal oleh difraksi sinar-x (XRD) dan sifat optik melalui pengamatan fotoluminesen (PL) dan spektroskopi UV VIS. Hasil eksperimen menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan waktu pembenihan dan peningkatan konsentrasi prekursor menghasilkan pita celah energi semakin menurun dan luminisen pada daerah cahaya tampak semakin meningkat akibat peningkatan jumlah cacat kristal. Sementara peningkatan waktu pertumbuhan menghasilkan nanorod yang tumbuhnya mengarah kepada bentuk hexagonal dengan arah yang lebih seragam pada bidang kristal (002) dengan sifat luminisensi yang hampir sama untuk semua jenis sampel.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods have interesting optical properties for optoelectronic device applications and it can be synthesized by simple and low cost chemical method, such as hydrothermal method. In this study, ZnO nanorods were grown on a transparent indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrate through two steps, where the first step is the deposition of seed layer on the substrate using ultrasonic spray pyrolisis method with a frequency of 1.7 MHz and the second step is the growth of nanorod structure with hydrothermal method. In this study, the seed of ZnO were deposited with three variations of deposition time (10, 20, and 30 minutes) and were grown with three variations of precursor concentration (0.02 M, 0.06 M and 0.1 M) and three variations of growth time ( 2, 4, and 6 hours). The characterization of ZnO nanorod include the surface morphology by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), the crystal structure by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and the optical properties were studied through photoluminescence (PL) and UV-VIS spectroscopy. The experimental results showed that increasing seeding time and precursor concentration result in the decreasing of band gap energy and the increasing of luminesence in the visible light due to the increasing of crystal defects. While the increasing of growth time leads ZnO nanorods grow toward hexagonal shape with prefered orientation in (002) crystal planes, while the luminesence property is almost similar for all kinds samples."

"ABSTRAKTindakan pemasangan NGT adalah suatu tindakan memasukan sebuah selang melalui hidung melewati nasofaring dan esofagus menuju ke dalam lambung. Tujuan pemasangan NGT adalah untuk dekompresi , feeding , kompresi , dan lavage. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui ketepatan posisi NGT adalah : metode aspirasi, auskultasi, dan memasukkan ujung NGT ke dalam kom berisi air. Kesalahan posisi NGT dapat menimbulkan komplikasi dan tujuan pemasangan NGT tidak tercapai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan ketepatan posisi NGT menggunakan metode aspirasi, auskultasi, dan merendam ujung NGT dengan konfirmasi rontgen di UGD RS Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan pre-experiment designs dengan pendekatan Postest Only Design. Jumlah sampel penelitian adalah 60 orang, yang dibagi menjadi 20 orang diobservasi dengan metode auskultasi, 20 orang dengan auskultasi, dan 20 orang dengan merendam ujung NGT. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan consecutive sampling. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah Fisher’Exact Test dilanjutkan dengan uji Toucher. Hasil analisis menunjukan tidak berbeda bermakna antara metode aspirasi dengan konfirmasi rontgen (p = 0,073 dan p Toucher = 0.664), tidak berbeda bermakna antara metode auskultasi dengan konfirmasi rontgen (p = 0, 681 dan p Toucher = 0,307), dan tidak berbeda bermakna antara metode merendam ujung NGT (p = 404 dan p Toucher = 0,125). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna ketepatan posisi NGT dengan metode aspirasi, auskultasi, dan merendam ujung selang NGT ke dalam air dengan konfirmasi rontgen, hal ini berarti tidak ada metode yang paling tepat dalam menentukan ketepatan posisi NGT. Saran peneliti adalah dalam protap pemasangan NGT untuk mengetahui ketepatan posisi NGT digunakan ketiga metode ini, tes pH dan rontgen dilakukan bila perlu saja, untuk praktisi perlu dilakukan pelatihan dalam tindakan pemasangan NGT, perlu dilakukan penelitian selanjutnya, perlu dilakukan sosialisasi hasil peneitian ini untuk mendapatkan masukan dan perbaikan.

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ABSTRACTNGT insertion is an intervention by inserting a tube via nasal, passing through nasofaring and esophagus into the stomach. The purposes of NGT insertion are to decompress the stomach, feeding, compression, and lavage. Methods which are used to confirming NGT placement are aspiration method, auscultation method, and put distal end of NGT into a glass of water. Another sophisticated method to confirming NGT placement are pH test and radiology method. The aim of this study is to explain confirmation of NGT proper placement using aspiration method, auscultation method, and put distal end of NGT into water and then compared with radiology confirmation at emergency ward Dr Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. Pre-experimental with post test only design or The one shot case study was used in this study. Total samples was 60 patients, selected by consecutive sampling technic. The subjects was divided into three groups : 20 patients were using aspiration method, 20 patients were using auscultation method, and 20 patients were using put distal end of NGT method. Statictic analysis used in this study was Fisher’s Exact Test, continued by Toucher test. The result showed that there were no significantly differences between aspiration method compared with radiology confirmation (p=0,073 and p Toucher=0,664), between auscultation method compared with radiology confirmation (p=0,681 and p Toucher=0,307), and between put distal end of NGT into water method compared with radiology confirmation (p=0,404 and p Toucher=0,125). The conclusion of this research is no significantly differences of NGT placement using aspiration, auscultation, and put distal end of NGT method compared with radiology confirmation. This meant that there was no method which is the best in corfirming NGT placement. Suggestions : proper NGT placement using this three methods are included in standard NGT insertion procedure, pH test and radiology confirmation are used only when needed, for practitioners it is important to make a training about intervention of NGT insertion, need more further research to be done, and make a publication of this research or to be socialized to motivate further research."

"Peraturan pemerintah mengenai satuan pendidikan yang bertaraf internasional mendorong sekolah-sekolah memiliki sertifikasi ISO 9001:2008 sehingga perkembangan sertifikasi ISO 9001:2008 di sekolah dari tahun ke tahun semakin bertambah. Idealnya, sekolah bersertifikasi ISO 9001:2008 memiliki kualitas yang lebih baik daripada sekolah yang tidak bersertifikasi. Namun, banyak pihak masih meragukan efektifitas sertifikasi ISO 9001:2008 di sekolah dalam hal peningkatan mutu dan kepuasan siswa. Sejalan dengan permasalahan tersebut, maka diperlukan suatu penelitian untuk mengetahui dan mengukur persepsi siswa di SMK yang bersertifikasi ISO 9001:2008 dan SMK Non-ISO 9001:2008 serta menentukan atribut pelayanan yang mempengaruhi kepuasan siswa dengan menggunakan metode servqual dan analisis kesenjangan. Data diambil melalui survey terhadap 150 siswa yang berasal dari lima SMK yang bersertifikasi ISO 9001:2008 (SMKN 8, SMKN 42, SMK Jakarta Pusat 1, SMKN 10, dan SMKN 45) dan lima SMK tanpa sertifikasi ISO 9001:2008 (SMK Islam Perti, SMK Perdana Kusuma, SMK Bethel, SMK Ibu Pertiwi, dan SMK Kharismawita 1). Hasil survey berdasarkan analisis kesenjangan menunjukkan hampir semua atribut bernilai negatif dan tidak banyak perbedaan persepsi siswa antara SMK yang bersertifikasi ISO 9001:2008 dan SMK tanpa sertifikasi ISO 9001:2008.

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Government regulation on international educational unit encourages schools to have ISO 9001:2008 certification so that the development of the ISO 9001:2008 certification in school from year to year increases. Ideally, a school with ISO 9001:2008 has better quality than school that is not certified. However, many people still doubt the effectiveness of ISO 9001:2008 certification in school in terms of improved quality and student satisfaction. Along with these problems, we need a research to identify and measure the perceptions of students in vocational schools certified ISO 9001:2008 and vocational schools Non-ISO 9001:2008 and determine the service attributes that affect student satisfaction using servqual and gap analysis. The data is taken through a survey of 150 students from five vocational schools certified ISO 9001:2008 (SMK 8, SMK 42, SMK Jakarta Pusat 1, SMK 10 and SMK 45) and five vocational schools Non-ISO 9001:2008 (SMK Islam Perti , SMK Perdana Kusuma, Bethel SMK, SMK Mother Earth, and SMK Kharismawita 1). The survey results based on the gap analysis shows almost the attributes is negative and not much difference between the perceptions of students SMK SMK are ISO 9001:2008 certified and non-certified ISO 9001:2008."

"Single mode directional couplers are key components in many optical communicationand sensor applications,including optical power spliting ,optical filtering, optical reflecting, wavelength multiplexing/delmutiplexing and optical polarisation splitting

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