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"Learning support sustem is essential for students learning at distance. It is believed that the qualities of learning support will greatly influence the total number of students. This article describes students perseption of the learning supports offered by the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science of Universitas Terbuka. The result shows that students were not satisfied with the service of online tutorials due to its accessibility and content."

"art is one of the subjects in Senior high school.at school learning art implies some methods and strategies."

"Buku ini lebih memusatkan perhatian pada pembelajaran yang efektif ketimbang menjelaskannya atau memberi suatu teori tentangnya. Buku ini lebih tentang anak-anak daripada tentang psikologi anak. Buku ini berisi belajar tentang anak-anak, belajar dan eksperimen, bicara, olahraga, seni, matematika, khayalan, pikiran yang sedang bekerja, belajar dan cinta."

"ABSTRAKBerbagai macam aktivitas yang telah dilakukan aleh manusia untuk memenuhi segala kebutuhan hidupnya, tanpa disadari telah mengubah lingkungan hidupnya menjadi lingkungan yang berbeda dari lingkungan alas semula. Perubahan ini antara lain telah mencemarkan atau merusak ekosistem biotik maupun abiotik sekitar, yang akibatnya dapat mengurangi daya dukung keberlangsungan alas itu sendiri.Pemeliharaan dan pelestarian kembali alas lingkungan akan menjadi lebih sulit apabila kendala dan keadaan mental masyarakat seperti : tidak ada kepedulian, kurangnya kesadaran, dan kurangnya rasa kebutuhan akan lingkungan hidup bersih tidak dapat diatasi.Perilaku manusia dipengaruhi oleh tingkat penguasaan konsep lingkungan, dan persepsinya terhadap lingkungan sekitar. Pengetahuan dan pengalaman mahasiswa tentang konsep lingkungan akan mempengaruhi persepsi dan menentukan sikap berfikir terhadap permasalahan lingkungan yang terjadi. Pada mahasiswa, persepsi tentang masalah lingkungan hidup menjadi penting karena merupakan langkah awal bagi generasi penerus dalam mencari strategi dan upaya pengelolaan lingkungan hidup. Selain itu, mahasiswa sebagai bagian dari komponen ekosistem lingkungan hidup, juga mempunyai kemampuan dan kesempatan menjadi pemimpin bangsa di kemudian hari yang mampu membangun bangsa dan negara berwawasan lingkungan hidup. Untuk maksud ini, FMIPA Universitas Indonesia memasukkan Pengantar Ilmu Lingkungan sebagai kurikulum perkuliahan mahasiswa. Upaya ini diharapkan mahasiswa memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup tentang konsep lingkungan, yang akhirnya dapat mempengaruhi persepsi dan perilaku mahasiswa terhadap kesadaran mengelola lingkungan hidup.Dari uraian di atas make masalah penelitian ini adalah seberapa besar sumbangan pengetahuan konsep lingkungan hidup, persepsi dan sikap mahasiswa tentang kegiatan lingkungan terhadap partisipasi mahasiswa dalam kegiatan lingkungan Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui besarnya kontribusi dan hubungan pengetahuan, persepsi, dan sikap dengan partisipasi dalam kegiatan lingkungan.Hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah :a. Tingkat pengetahuan lingkungan hidup memberikan sumbangan yang positif terhadap persepsi mahasiswa tentang pelaksanaan kegiatan lingkungan.b. Persepsi tentang pelaksanaan kegiatan lingkungan memberikan sumbangan yang positif terhadap sikap mahasiswa dalam kegiatan lingkungan. sikap mahasiswa pada pelaksanaan kegiatan lingkungan hidup memberikan sumbangan yang positif terhadap partisipasi mahasiswa dalam kegiatan lingkungan.c. Tingkat pengetahuan lingkungan hidup dan persepsi tentang pelaksanaan kegiatan lingkungan memberikan sumbangan yang positif terhadap partisipasi mahasiswa dalam kegiatan lingkungan.Penelitian dilakukan pada mahasiswa FMIPA Universitas Indonesia pada tahun akademik 1991/1992. Jenis penelitian adalah survai, deskripsi korelasional dengan menggunakan sampel secara acak. Sesar sampel ditentukan berdasarkan taksiran proporsi jumlah subyek dan koefisien konfidensi ditetapkan sebesar 95%. Jumlah sampel di Jurusan Geografi 13 orang, Fisika 24 orang, Kimia 12 orang, Biologi 12 orang, dan Matematika 11 orang mahasiswa angkatan tahun 1987 sampai dengan 1992.Pengolahan data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan pengujian hipotesis dengan uji statistik korelasi Pearson dan distribusi t. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner pada responden dan wawancara untuk melengkapi analisis deskripsi dan kesimpulan statistik ini.Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut :a. Pengetahuan lingkungan hidup tidak memberikan sumbangan berarti, terhadap persepsi tentang pelakeanaan kegiatan lingkungan hidup. (t hitung ~ t tabel = 0,042 < 1,67). Besarnya pengaruh X terhadap Y adalah 0,0025%.b. Persepsi tentang pelaksanaan kegiatan lingkungan memberi sumbangan berarti terhadap sikap mahasiswa dalam kegiatan lingkungan (t hitung > t tabel = 2,554 > 1,67). Besarnya pengaruh X terhadap Y adalah 8,53%.c. Sikap memberi sumbangan yang berarti terhadap partisipasi mahasiswa dalam kegiatan lingkungan hidup (t hitung > t tabel = 3,890 > 1,67). Besarnya pengaruh X terhadap Y 15,207%.Pengetahuan lingkungan hidup tidak memberikan sumbangan yang berarti terhadap partisipasi mahasiswa dalam kegiatan lingkungan (t hitung { t tabel =1,513 < 1,67). Besarnya sumbangan X terhadap Y adalah 3,17%. Sedangkan persepsi tentang masalah, dukungan, pengertian, manfaat, dan tindak-lanjut kegiatan lingkungan memberikan sumbangan yang berarti terhadap partisipasi mahasiswa dalam kegiatan lingkungan (t hitung 7 t tabel = 4,093 > 1,67). Besarnya pengaruh X terhadap Y = 19,49%.Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa pengetahuan Pengantar Ilmu Lingkungan tidak terbukti mempengaruhi partisipasi mahasiswa dalam kegiatan lingkungan hidup. Sedangkan persepsi dan sikap tentang kegiatan lingkungan terbukti mempengaruhi partisipasi mahasiswa dalam kegiatan lingkungan walaupun pengaruh X terhadap Y kecil. Hal ini mungkin disebabkan partisipasi lebih banyak dipengaruhi oleh faktor kesadaran dan minat profesi mahasiswa. Namun demikian pengetahuan ilmu lingkungan yang diperoleh mahasiswa dalam kuliah akan berpengaruh terhadap sikap, dan wawasan berfikir mahasiswa dalam menghadapi permasalahan lingkungan hidup.

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Various activities have been done by human being to meet his needs of life, but consciously or unconsciously has changed his environment into different from the original one. This change among others has contaminated or damage biotic ecosystem as well as a biotic ecosystem of the surroundings, which in turn may weaken the supporting power of perpetuity of the nature itself.

Safeguarding and preservation of the environment will become more and more complicated if various constraints and the state of public mentality such as lack of care, lack of consciousness, and lack of respect to cleanliness of the environment could not be overcome.

Human behavior has been influenced by the level of the surrounding environment. Knowledge and experience of students on environmental concept will influence their perception and determine their way of thinking to current environmental problems. The perception of students on environmental problems will be important because it constitutes a first step for the young generation to identify strategies on environmental management efforts. In addition, students as part of the component of the environmental ecosystem, have the ability and opportunity to become leaders of the nation in the future who can develop their nation and country towards a sustainable development.

For those purposes, the Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty (FMIPA) of University of Indonesia has included Introduction of Environmental Science in the curriculum of the first semester, with the expectation that the students will gain some knowledge on environmental concepts. Finally it will influence the perception and attitude of the students toward consciousness in environmental management.

The objective of this research is to find out the magnitude of contribution and correlation of knowledge on environmental concept, perception and the attitude to the participation of the students in environmental activities.

Hypotheses put forward in this research are:

a. The degree of knowledge on environmental concept provides a positive contribution to students' perception on the implementation of environmental activities.

b. Perception on the implementation of environmental activities gives a positive contribution to students' attitude on environmental activities.

c. The students' attitude on environmental activities gives a positive contribution to students participation in environmental activities.

d. The degree of knowledge on environmental concept and perception on the implementation of environmental activities give a positive contribution to participation of students in environmental activities.

This research was carried out on students of The Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty (FMIPA) of University of Indonesia in 1991/1992. The kind of research is a correlation description survey, by using random sampling. The number of samples was determined by the appraisal proportion of the number of subjects and confidence coefficient, which is 95%. The number of samples comprises the Department of Geography (13 students), Physics {24 students), Chemistry (12 students), Biology (12 students), and Mathematics (11 students) graduated in 1987 up to 1992. Data processing was carried out descriptively and hypotheses were tested through statistic test correlation of Pearson and t distribution. The data were collected by filling in questionnaires by respondents and interviews with students to complete analysis of description and conclusion of this statistic.

The result of study were as follows :

a. Knowledge on environment did not provide a significant contribution toward perception concerning implementation of environmental activities(t count < t table = 0.042 < 1.67). Total contribution of X to Y was 0.0025%.

b. Perception on implementation of environmental activities gave a significant contribution to the attitude of students in environmental activities (t count > t table = 2.554 > 1.67). Total contribution of X to Y was 8.53%.

c. Attitude gave a significant contribution to participation of students in environmental activities (t count > t table = 3.890 > 1.67). Total contribution of X to Y was 15.207%.

d. Knowledge on environment did not provide a significant contribution to participation of students in environmental activities ( t count < t table = 1.51 < 1.67). Total contribution of X to Y was 3.17%. While perception concerning a problem, support, understanding, use, and follow-up of environmental activities provided significant contributions to participation of students in environmental activities (t count > t table = 4.093 > 1.67). Total contribution of X to Y = 19.49%.

Based on the result of the tests on the hypotheses, it may be concluded that the knowledge on introduction to environmental issues, evidently does not affect significantly the participation of students in environmental activities. However, perception and attitude have been proved to be of influence on the participation of students in environmental activities, although the contribution of X to Y is rather small. Perhaps, participation is more influenced by consciousness, interest and willingness of the students. Nevertheless the knowledge on environment taught to the students will influence their attitude and the way of thinking in facing environmental problems."

"This research is motivated by the fact that many elementary school teachers in the district of Sorong Selatan are still experiencing difficulties in implementing the teaching and learning activities. This study aims to: 1) determine the difficulties experienced by elementary school teachers in South Sorong Regency, 2) to know efforts made by teachers in overcoming the difficulties of learning implementation. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive naturalistic. The Research steps are: 1) collecting source through a questionnaire, and technical documentation; 2) reducing the data with the aim to simplify and categorize the data; 3) presenting data in the form of a description of the memorial; 4) drawing conclusions as a result of interpretation; 5) preparing research reports. This research was conducted on elementary school teachers who take the Distance Learning Program, which amounted to 123 teachers. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to teachers from elementary schools in South Sorong Regency. The results showed that teachers of elementary school (Sekolah Dasar) still have many difficulties in implementing the learning process. The difficulties experienced by teachers in teaching include difficulty in: 1) preparing learning activities, 2) developing lesson plans, 2) developing teaching materials, 3) implementing a variety of learning methods, 4) using of media 1 sources learning, 5) giving reflections to students, 6) comprehensively evaluating learning, and 7) implementing the learning of mathematics."