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"[ABSTRAKKualitas dan akurasi data imunisasi adalah masalah yang sering ditemukan di puskesmas dan dinas kesehatan, meskipun cakupan imunisasi tinggi tetapi dengan tidak adanya penilaian kualitas data imunisasi yang dilaporkan secara rutin tersebut maka persentase cakupan yang tinggi belum tentu kualitas datanya juga tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kualitas data rutin imunisasi berdasarkan metode Data Quality Self Assessment (DQS) di Kota Padang Panjang tahun 2013. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan metode DQS dari WHO. Penelitian dilakukan di dinas kesehatandan semua puskesmas yang ada di Kota Padang Panjang yaitu Puskesmas Gunung, Kebun Sikolos, Koto Katik dan Bukit Surungan. Data diperoleh dari dengan melakukan wawancara, observasi dan telaah dokumen. kualitas data program imunisasi menunjukan komponen penggunaan data yang kualitasnya masih rendah, data kurang dimanfaatkan untuk saran-saran perbaikan pencatatan dan pelaporan imunisasi. Akurasi data kelurahan ke puskesmas ditemukancakupan yang dilaporkan lebih banyak daripada yang berhasil diverifikasi (overreporting) untuk pelaporan hasil imunisasi DPT-HB3 dan Campak. Untuk pelaporan masih terjadi ketidak lengkapan tanggal pelaporan. Sistem pemantauan tidak dilakukan optimal untuk mengevaluasi kinerja program imunisasi, perlu kebijakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas program imunisasi agar sistem pencatatan dan pelaporan data imunisasi lebih baik.

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ABSTRACTThe quality and accuray of immunization data is a problem that is often found in health centers and the Department of Health, despite high immunization coverage but in the absence of immunization data quality assessment is routinely reported that the percentage of coverage is not necessarily high data quality is also high. This study aims to describe the data quality routine immunization based methods Data Quality Self Assessment (DQS) in the city of Padang Panjang in 2013. Research is a qualitative research method that uses DQS from WHO. The study was conducted at the Department of Health and all health centers in the city of Padang Panjang is Gunung health center, Kebun Sikolos, Koto Katik and BukitSurungan. Data obtained from the conducted interviews, observation and document reviews. Immunization data quality component data usage shows that the quality is still low, the data underutilized for suggestions for improvement of recording and reporting of immunization. The accuracy of the data found the village to the health center coverage more than succesfuly verified (overreporting) for reporting the results of DPT-HB3 and Measles. For lack of reporting still occurs accessory reporting date. Monitoring system do not optimal for evaluating databases must addres satisfying immunization program, for the system of recording and reporting of immunization data better.;The quality and accuray of immunization data is a problem that is often found inhealth centers and the Department of Health, despite high immunization coveragebut in the absence of immunization data quality assessment is routinely reportedthat the percentage of coverage is not necessarily high data quality is also high.This study aims to describe the data quality routine immunization based methodsData Quality Self Assessment (DQS) in the city of Padang Panjang in 2013.Research is a qualitative research method that uses DQS from WHO. The studywas conducted at the Department of Health and all health centers in the city ofPadang Panjang is Gunung health center, Kebun Sikolos, Koto Katik and BukitSurungan. Data obtained from the conducted interviews, observation anddocument reviews. Immunization data quality component data usage shows thatthe quality is still low, the data underutilized for suggestions for improvement ofrecording and reporting of immunization. The accuracy of the data found thevillage to the health center coverage more than succesfuly verified (overreporting)for reporting the results of DPT-HB3 and Measles. For lack of reporting stilloccurs accessory reporting date. Monitoring system do not optimal for evaluatingdatabases must addres satisfying immunization program, for the system ofrecording and reporting of immunization data better., The quality and accuray of immunization data is a problem that is often found inhealth centers and the Department of Health, despite high immunization coveragebut in the absence of immunization data quality assessment is routinely reportedthat the percentage of coverage is not necessarily high data quality is also high.This study aims to describe the data quality routine immunization based methodsData Quality Self Assessment (DQS) in the city of Padang Panjang in 2013.Research is a qualitative research method that uses DQS from WHO. The studywas conducted at the Department of Health and all health centers in the city ofPadang Panjang is Gunung health center, Kebun Sikolos, Koto Katik and BukitSurungan. Data obtained from the conducted interviews, observation anddocument reviews. Immunization data quality component data usage shows thatthe quality is still low, the data underutilized for suggestions for improvement ofrecording and reporting of immunization. The accuracy of the data found thevillage to the health center coverage more than succesfuly verified (overreporting)for reporting the results of DPT-HB3 and Measles. For lack of reporting stilloccurs accessory reporting date. Monitoring system do not optimal for evaluatingdatabases must addres satisfying immunization program, for the system ofrecording and reporting of immunization data better.]"

"Imunisasi dasar adalah suatu tindakan untuk memberikan kekebalan khusus terhadap penyakit tuberkulosis, difteri, pertusis, tetanus, poliomielitis dan campak kepada anak umur 0-12 bulan. Kegiatan tersebut merupakan salah satu Intervensi kesehatan yang berdaya ungkit besar terhadap penurunan angka kesakitan dan angka kematian bayi dan anak. Cakupan imunisasi menurut SDKI (Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia) tahun 1991, 27,9 persen anak terimunisasi lengkap dan 36,6 persen tidak mendapat imunisasi. Salah satu penyebab masih rendahnya status kelengkapan imunisasi dasar anak, karena perilaku kesehatan ibu. Dilakukan analisis data SDKI tahun 1991. Untuk mempelajari besar hubungan antara beberapa faktor perilaku kesehatan ibu dengan status kelengkapan imunisasi dasar anak umur 12-24 bulan. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji Regresi Logistik, secara sederhana dan ganda.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa faktor perilaku kesehatan ibu, meliputi pemeriksaan kehamilan (ANC), penolong persalinan oleh dokter/bidan, pemberian Air Susu lbu (ASI), kesertaan Keluarga Berencana (KB) dan pencarian pengobatan pada sarana pelayanan kesehatan sangat erat hubungannya dengan status kelengkapan imunisasi dasar anak. Hubungan beberapa perilaku kesehatan ibu dengan status kelengkapan imunisasi dasar anak dipengaruhi juga oleh pendidikan ibu, pendidikan suami, pekerjaan suami dan kontak ibu dengan media komunikasi (radio/tv, koran). Selain itu ada perbedaan risiko antara ibu yang ANC dan ibu yang tidak ANC berdasarkan tempat tinggal di desa terpencil, desa, kota (kumuh) dan kota besar terhadap status kelengkapan imunisasi dasar anak. Ternyata ibu-ibu yang tinggal di desa terpencil yang ANC sekitar 4 kali kemungkinan anaknya terimunisasi lengkap dibandingkan ibu yang tidak ANC. Pada ibu-ibu yang tinggal di desa yang ANC sekitar 3 kali kemungkinan anaknya terimunisasi lengkap dibandingkan ibu yang tidak ANC. Ibu-ibu yang tinggal di kota yang ANC sekitar 33 kali kemungkinan anaknya terimunisasi lengkap dibandingkan ibu yang tidak ANC. Sedangkan ibu-ibu yang tinggal di kota besar sekitar 4 kali kemungkinan anaknya terimunisasi lengkap dibandingkan ibu yang tidak ANC. Untuk meningkatkan status kelengkapan imunisasi dasar anak, maka perlu ada intervensi pada beberapa faktor perilaku kesehatan ibu, terutama pada desa terpencil dan kota (kumuh)."

"Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) terutama Pneumonia merupakan penyebab utama kesakitan dan kematian pada bayi dan anak balita di negara berkembang, sekitar 4 juta kematian disebabkan oleh penyakit ISPA terutama Pneumonia. Di kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu Sumatera Selatan penyakit Pneumonia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat dimana pneumonia menempati urutan teratas dalam sepuluh penyebab kesakitan yang mempunyai kontribusi sebesar 53,42 %. Sementara angka cakupan imunisasi campak masih relatif rendah (70 %, tahun 1998). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan imunisasi campak dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita dan faktor risiko lainnya di kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu, Sumatera Selatan tahun 2000. Studi ini menggunakan desain kasus kontrol, dengan 141 sampel dimana kasus adalah balita umur 9-59 bulan, menderita pnemonia yang datang ke Puskesmas, sedangkan kontrol adalah balita umur 9-59 bulan yang datang ke Puskesmas, tetapi tidak menderita pnemonia ataupun ISPA. Data diperoleh dari basil wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner pada responden ibu balita dan dianalisa dengan analisis univariat, bivariat (Chi Square) dan multivariate (Logislic Regression). Hasil akhir uji multivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara imunisasi campak dengan kejadian pnemonia pada balita umur 9-59 bulan (DR= 2,307; p~,003 ). Dapat dikatakan bahwa risiko terkena pneumonia pada balita umur 9-59 bulan yang tidak diimunisasi campak 2,3 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan balita umur 9-59 bulan yang telah diimunisasi campak. Disamping variabel imunisasi campak ada 5 variabel lain yang mempengaruhi kejadian pneumonia di kabupaten OKU, sebagai berikut: Pendidikan ibu (OR=2,037; p=0,013), pengetahuan ibu (OR=2,364: p=0,005), polusi asap dapur (OR=2,99; p=0,002), kepadatan rumah (OR= 3,247; p= 0,0005) dan jarak ke sarana kesehatan (OR=0,43 1; p= 0,007). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disarankan kepada pengambil keputusan guna lebih memberi perhatian kepada keluarga balita (9-59 bulan) yang belum diimunisasi campak, berpendidikan rendah, berpengetahuan rendah, keadaan rumah yang jelek (polusi asap dapur), rumah yang padat huni dan yang jauh dari pelayanan kesehatan.

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The Relationship Between Measles Imunization and Pneumonia Insidens on Underfive Years Old Children in Ogan Komering Ulu (Oku) District, South Sumatera, in 2000.The Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI) especially pneumonia is main cause of morbidity and mortality on infant and under five years old children in developing countries. There are 4 million death caused by ARI especially pneumonia. In Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU) district, South Sumatera province, the pneumonia still became Community Health Problem. Pneumonia was the first rank of ten cause of morbidity that contributed 53,42 %, while the measles immunization coverage still low(70 %, year 1998).

This study was conducted to know the relationship between measles immunization and other risk factors with pneumonia on under five years old children in OKU district, South Sumatera province in 2000. The study design used in this study is Cases Control, with cases are 141 children age 9 - 59 month children suffered from pneumonia who attending health center. While the control was taken from age 9-59 month children without the diseases, who attending the some Health Center. The data was collected by interviewed from the children's mother using questioner. The analysis method of univariate, bivariate (Chi Square) and multivariate (logistic regression) was used in the study.

The result of the study show that a statistical significance association between measles immunization with pneumonia on 9-59 month children (p= 0,003 ; 0R=2,307). It can be said that pneumonia risk on under five years old children without measles immunization arc 2,3 time larger than that of under five years old children with measles immunization. Beside measles immunization, there are 5 other variables that also associated with pneumonia risk in OKU district such as: mothers education(UR=2,307; p=0,013), mothers knowledge (OR=2,364; p=0,005), kitchens smoke pollution (OR= 2.99: p=4.002). house density(OR=3,247;p= 0,000) and the house distance to health services(CR=0,431; p=O,OO7.

Based on the study result, it was suggested that the policy maker have to pay more attention to family with under five years old children who have not gotten yet the measles immunization, whose mother has low education, and low knowledge, who have bad condition and has high density of house, and whose house long far from health services."

"Pneumonia adalah pembunuh utama Balita di dunia, lebih banyak dibandingkan penyakit lain seperti AIDS, Malaria dan Campak. Survei kesehatan Rumah Tangga (SKRT) tahun 1992, 1995, 2001 menunjukkan bahwa Pneumonia adalah penyumbang terbesar pada kematian bayi dan balita. Berdasarkan laporan Riskesdas 2007, menyebutkan prevalensi Pneumonia di DKI berdasarkan diagnosis tenaga kesehatan dan keluhan rtesponden sebesar 1,67%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan imunisasi campak dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita usia 12-59 bulan setelah dikontrol covariat (umur, jenis kelamin, Berat badan lahir, ASI exclusive, pendidikan, pemberian vitamin A, kepadatan hunian, ventilasi, dan adanya perokok didalam rumah). Penelitian ini dilakukan dari bulan Mei sampai dengan Juli di Rumah Sakit Islam Pondok Kopi Jakarta tahun 2010. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kasus kontrol. Kasus adalah balita usia 12-59 bulan yang menderita pneumonia. kontrol adalah balita usia 12-59 bulan yang tidak menderita pneumonia. Dalam penelitian ini sampel sebanyak 220 (kasus 110 dan control 110). Data dianalisis dengan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multivariate dengan uji regresi logistic ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara imunisasi campak dengan pneumonia pada balita. Anak yang tidak diimunisasi campak berisiko 2,06 kali untuk menderita pneumonia dibandingkan anak yang mendapatkan imunisasi saat bayi. Setelah dikontrol pendidikan dan ASI exclusive. Pada pengukuran dampak dihasilkan bahwa anak yang diimunisasi campak dapat mencegah pneumonia sebesar 51,456%. Selanjutnya upaya untuk melindungi anak dari penyakit pneumonia adalah dengan memberikan imunisasi campak saat usia 9 bulan dan anak diberikan ASI exclusive.

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Pneumonia is the leading killer of babies in the world, more than other diseases such as AIDS, malaria and measles. Household Health Survey (SKRT) 1992, 1995, 2001 showed that pneumonia is the biggest contributor to the death of infants and toddlers. Based Riskesdas 2007 report, citing the prevalence of pneumonia in the Municipality based on the diagnosis of health workers and complaints rtesponden 1.67%.

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship with the incidence of pneumonia, measles immunization in infants aged 12-59 months after covariat controlled (age, sex, birth weight, exclusive breast feeding, education, provision of vitamin A, the density of occupancy, ventilation, and the presence of smokers in home).

This research was conducted from May to July at Pondok Kopi Islamic Hospital in Jakarta 2010. This study uses the case control design. The cases were infants aged 12-59 months who suffered from pneumonia. controls were toddlers aged 12-59 months who are not suffering from pneumonia. In this study, 220 samples (110 cases and 110 controls). Data were analyzed by univariate analysis, bivariate, and multivariate multiple logistic regression.

The results showed a relationship between measles immunization with pneumonia in infants. Children who are not immunized against measles 2.06 times the risk for pneumonia than children who get immunized when infants. After controlled education and exclusive breastfeeding. In measuring the impact produced that children who are immunized measles can prevent pneumonia by 51,456%. Further efforts to protect children from pneumococcal disease is to provide measles immunization at the age of 9 months and children are given breast milk exclusively."

"Imunisasi dasar merupakan hal yang penting bagi anak karena imunisasi merupakan salah satu cara mencegah infeksi penyakit tertentu yang termasuk ke dalam Penyakit yang Dapat Dicegah Dengan Imunisasi (PD3I). Persentase kelengkapan imunisasi di Indonesia sudah mencapai 85,2%, namun hal ini tidak sesuai dengan keadaan di Provinsi Papua. Persentase kelengkapan imunisasi di Provinsi Papua hanya mencapai 45,7%. Rendahnya persentase kelengkapan imunisasi ini dapat dipengaruhi berbagai faktor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang imunisasi dan akesibilitas ke pelayanan kesehatan terdekat dengan kelengkapan imunisasi batita di Pegunungan Jayawijaya, Provinsi Papua. Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan studi cross sectional. Data diperoleh melalui hasil wawancara terhadap 168 responden dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Responden didapatkan melalui teknik consecutive sampling. Dari 168 responden, 99 subjek memperoleh imunisasi lengkap dan 69 subjek tidak memperoleh imunisasi lengkap. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dengan Chi-square, tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang imunisasi berhubungan dengan kelengkapan imunisasi batita (p=0,043). Hubungan aksesibilitas ke pelayanan kesehatan terdekat tidak memenuhi kriteria uji Chi-square sehingga digunakan uji alternatif, yaitu uji Fisher. Berdasarkan uji Fisher, tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara aksesibilitas ke pelayanan kesehatan terdekat dan kelengkapan imunisasi batita (p=0,307). Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan progam untuk meningkatkan tingkat pengetahuan ibu. Dengan begitu, kelengkapan imunisasi batita diharapkan akan meningkat.

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Immunization is an important thing for toddler because it can protect toddler from getting infected by certain infectious disease which can be prevented by immunization. 85,2% toddler in Indonesia get complete immunization, but this fact is contradictive with the condition happened in Papua Province. There are only 45,7% toddler get complete immunization. This low percentage could be affected by various factors. This study aims to determine whether there are correlation between 2 factors (status of mother?s knowledge about immunization and accessibility to nearest health care) and toddler?s immunization status in central mountain Jayawijaya, Papua Province. This study is an analitycal study in the form of cross sectional study. Data was collected by interviews with 168 respondents who are chosen by consecutive sampling. From 168 respondents, 99 respondents have complete immunization and 69 respondents don?t have complete immunization. The result is performed by Chi-square test and Fisher test. Based on Chi-square test, there is correlation between status of mother?s knowledge about immunization and toddler?s immunization status in central mountain Jayawijaya, Papua Province (p=0,043). The other hand, there is no correlation between accessibility to nearest health care and toddler?s immunization status in central mountain Jayawijaya, Papua Province (p=0,307) based on Fisher test. In consequence, there should be a program to improve mother?s status of knowledge in order to increase the percentage of toddlers completely immunized"

"ABSTRAKLong-term national development stresses on life quality of excellent resources. so that we focus to the young generationsm who need guidance and care from all disease than can stop their growth to be adulthood to continue long term national development.This observation aims to know informations factor about something low DPT (diphteria, pertussis, tetanus). immunization in Gunung Tua Julu village of Panyabungan district, Mandailing Natal. this observation is analytical survey with correlation approach this instrument used questionnaire from 38 moms who have baby ages two to four months. primary and secondary data were processed and analyzed with quantitative univariat and bivariat analyses. biavariat analysis used chi square test the significant value is p <0.05.Based on the univariat result of research / observation can be seen that the majority of respondents age from 30-35 is 22 persons (57,9%) and minority is 20-29 is 16 person (42,1%). for the respondents education majority of high school (SMA, D3,PT) IS 24 persons (63,2%) and minority of secondary school (SD,SMP) is14 persons (36,8%). for unemployment (housewife) is 26 persons (31, 58%) and minority of employes (PNS), farmer, merchant etc) is 12 persons (68,42%). based on the research result, the distance from health facility majority is 27 persons (71.1%) and minority is 11 persons (28,9%).The result showed that some factors which related to the giving of DPT (diphteria, pertussis, tatnus) in Gunung Tua Julu Mandailing Natal District is job/ occupation (value p: 0,11) supporting from husband (0.001) distance (p:0.003) knowledge (0.026).To all health worker in puskesmas Gunung Tua Julu need to give counseling to all moms/ mothers who have baby about how important giving DPT (diphteria, pertussis, tetanus). immunization and to all local health workers to give more information to the society so that they know more about immunization."