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"The regulation on political finance depend on the form of the election system. Indonesia implementing two major system: party based electoral system for legislative level and candidate based electoral system for presedential and local mayor/governor election...."

"Pemberantasan korupsi telah menjadi harapan masyarakat sejak lama. Sayangnya sampai sekarang belum diketahui strategi paling efektif untuk memberantas korupsi. Strategi yang efektif adalah strategi yang mampu menghapuskan sebab-sebab korupsi. Masalahnya, belum ada kepastian tentang apa yang dianggap sebagai sebab-sebab korupsi. Satu pihak memandang korupsi disebabkan oleh lemahnya insititusi, sementara pihak lain mengatakan korupsi disebabkan oleh sistem dan budaya. Kedua pendekatan ini memberi petunjuk yang berbeda tentang strategi pemberantasan korupsi. Pendekatan institusional menekankan perlunya reformasi hukum dan birokrasi, sementara pendekatan kultural penghapusan kesenjangan ekonomi dan budaya feodal.Sejauh ini belum ada upaya ilmiah mempelajari kedua pendekatan. Tesis ini bermaksud mengisi celah kosong itu. Tesis ini akan menguji keabsahan kedua pendekatan itu dengan menggunakan metoda kuantitatif yang dibantu pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil pengujian menolak proposisi institusional dan, sebaliknya, mendukung pendekatan kultural. Temuan ini konsisten dengan pendapat Geertz (1959) dan Faith dan Castle (1970) yang menegaskan kuatnya pengaruh kultural terhadap perilaku politik masyarakat Indonesia. Tetapi yang agak mengejutkan, penelitian ini mengkonfrrnasi kecenderungan uncoupling atau terlepasnya hubungan rakyat dengan pemerintahnya. Semakin berbudaya seseorang justru semakin tidak mempercayai pemerintah. Richard Rose dalam penelitiannya di Rusia pasca-komunisme, juga memperoleh temuan serupa. Penindasan negara telah mendorong rakyat Rusia untuk membangun jaringan sosial justru untuk menentang keinginan negara. Rakyat Rusia memperkukuh ikatan sosialnya tetapi membatasi relevansinya hanya kepada kelompok primordial, gang, dsb. Suatu penelitian yang lebih luas dibutuhkan untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan definitif tentang hadirnya fenomena people-state uncoupling, sebagaimana disinyalir Rose, juga terjadi di Indonesia.

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People of Indonesia have long been asking for corruption eradication. Unfortunately, we still don't know the right strategy to do it. The strategy will be effective if it can eliminate causes of corruption. The problem is there are still disputes concerning what can be said as causes of corruption. Some experts said that corruption is determined by institutional weaknesses, while some other depict corruption caused by system and culture. Those two approach send indicate different strategy to cope with corruption. Institusionalist assert immediate needs to reform law and bureaucracy, while culturalist propose a consistent fair courts, reducing wealth inequality and strengthening people's self-confidence.So far there are still no serious attempt to study those dillemma scientifically. This thesis tried to fill this gap. This thesis will test legitimation of those approaches using quantitative method and collecting data by questionnaire. The results reject institutional hipothesis and accept cultural hipothesys. This result meet consistently proposition by Geertz (1959) and Feith and Castle (1970) that Indonesian people were deeply influenced by its tradition and culture. But, surprisingly this research reveal society-state uncoupling, i.e. a phenomena when society disentangle their connection with government. This phenomena happened when more civilized a person (generous, humane, socially active, egalitarian) then more distrust him to the government. Richard Rose found similar phenomena when he studied Russian society post-communist. Long experience of abusive government officials drove Russian to build social networks just to defense them from more state exploitation. People's of Russia increase their bondings but limit it to relevant primordial groups or gangs. But more extensive research is needed if phenomena of people-state uncoupling should be concluded."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini fokus pada pola kerjasama interorganisasional KPK ? ICW dalamagenda pemberantasan korupsi politik di Indonesia melalui pendekatan teori NewInstitusionalisme Victor Nee. Pola kerjasama interorganisasional KPK ? ICWterbangun karena adanya kesamaan visi dan konsen terhadap agenda pemberantasankorupsi, serta interaksi antar aktor ? aktor anti korupsi KPK ? ICW. Pola kerjasamainterorganisasional KPK ? ICW menuai dukungan dan tantangan.Dukungan secaramoril maupun materil datang dari masyarakat sipil serta dunia internasional.Sedangkan tantangan popular dikenal dengan istilah?Corruptor Fight Back?.Terdapat dinamika diantara aparatur hukum negara, bahkan diantara KPK ? ICWjuga terdapatdinamika, walaupun mereka masih tetap konsisten sebagai aktor antikorupsi

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ABSTRACTThis study focuses on the pattern of interorganizational cooperation KPK - ICW inthe agenda of political corruption eradication in Indonesia by theoretical approachesNew institutionalism Victor Nee. Interorganizational cooperation pattern Commission- ICW woke up because of the similarity of vision and concern about the anticorruptionagenda, as well as the interaction between actors of anti -corruptionbetween KPK - ICW. Interorganizational cooperation between KPK - ICW gettingsupport and challenge. Moral and material supporting come from the civil society andthe international community. In the other side the challenge popularly known by theterm "Corruptor Fight Back". There is a dynamic between the legal apparatus of thestate, even among KPK - ICW also found dynamics, although they still remainconsistent as anti -corruption actors"