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"This paper focuses on intellectual property protection in the pharmaceutical sector which has assumed significant value for its socio-economic relevence, especially on the rate of medicine prices.Since 1994, attention has focused on WTO's Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual property rights 9TRIP's) as the most far reaching international instrument ever negotiated on intellectual property rights. An important critical issue of the TRIP's Agreement relates to patent. The TRIP's Agreement requires universal paten protection for any invention in any field of technology. This essential targets pharmaceuticals, which many countries had previously excluded from patent protection.All WTO members must amend their patent legislation,whitin a limited time or transition period. Many studies of the TRIP's patent system will have a great impact on the health sector and may negatively affect national drug prices availability of essential medicines and pharmaceutical technology.Given the fact that Indonesia is a member of the World Trade Organization, it has to abide the mandates set forth in the TRIP's Agreement. Indonesia has adopted patent law in undang-undang (UU) no 14 tahun 2001, Which agrees with the TRIP's Agreement.This study will analyse the impact of patent on the rate of medicine prices produce by the European Union pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia. In conclusion this analysis of the implication of patent for the pharmaceutical industry in Indonesia is just the begining point for a continous process. Whith engoing change in the structure on the economy, regulations and patent laws, further study and action will be necessary.Above all, government attention is extremely important to ensure progresive development. National authorities should have a clear vision for this industry and understand the repercussion to national health in thr future if nothing is done. The provision and revision of pharmaceutical policies should not only be in a accordance with existing general industry standards and international commitments, but also be ensuring improvement in the quality of life for the Indonesian people as a whole."

"Obligasi merupakan salah satu instrumen keuangan yang cukup menarik baik bagi kalangan investor di bursa efek maupun bagi perusahaan untuk mendapatkan dana bagi kepentingan perusahaan.Penelitian ini merupakan replikasi dari penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh Shyam-Sunder (1991), Best (1997), dan Zuhrotun dan Zaki Baridwan (2005) dengan modifikasi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisa sejauh mana hubungan (pengaruh) antara penerbitan obligasi dengan kinerja harga saham. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel data dad 44 perusahaan yang melakukan penerbitan obligasi yang tercatat (listing) di 2 (dua) Bursa Efek - yaitu Bursa Efek Jakarta dan Bursa Efek Surabaya, dan peringkat (rating) obligasi oleh Pefindo selama periode 1997 - 2003 dengan menggunakan konsep pendekatan metodologi studi peristiwa (event study).Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan (pengaruh) yang signifikan antara variabel penerbitan obligasi yang diproksi oleh tujuan penggunaan dana obligasi, nominal obligasi, dan peringkat (rating) obligasi dengan kinerja harga saham balk secara parsial maupun secara agregat pada 20 hari sebelum tanggal efektif, pada saat tanggal efektif, dan pada 20 hari setelah tanggal efektif.

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A bond is one of the most attractive financial instruments both for the investors at the stock exchange and for the company to get the source of funds for the purpose of the company.

This research is replicated from the previous research, such as Shyam-Sunder (1991), Best (1997), and Zuhrotun and Zaki Baridwan (2005) with some modification.

This research is aimed to examine the relationship (influence) between bond issuing and the stock performance_ The sample for the research are 44 companies of the bond issued that listed in two stock exchange - Jakarta Stock Exchange and Surabaya Stock Exchange, and bond's rating by Pefindo from 1997-2003, by using the event study methodology.

The result of this research shows that there is no significant relationship (influence) between variable of bond issuing that proxy by the purpose of using source of fund, bond's price, and bond's rating and the stock performance both in partial and in aggregate at 20 days before the effective date, at the effective date, and 20 days after the effective date."

"Berdasarkan data Bank Indonesia pendapatan bunga bank mengkontribusi 76% terhadap total pendapatan kotor operasional bank. Hal ini menunjukkan pendapatan bunga bank merupakan komponen yang penting dalam profitabilitas bank. Dikarenakan tingkat suku bunga merupakan komponen yang menghasilkan pendapatan kotor operasional bank, maka sangatlah penting mengetahui faktor apa saja yang mempengaruhi tingkat suku bunga bank di tahun berjalan. Tesis ini mengindentifikasi faktor internal bank dan faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi tingkat suku bunga dalam periode 2009-2013. Objek penelitian ini menggunakan 109 bank yang tercatat aktif di Bank Indonesia. Tingkat suku bunga pinjaman dan simpanan sebagai variabel dependen. BOPO (Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional), Rasio NIM (Net Interest Margin), rasio NPL (Non Performing Loan), total kredit, DPK (Dana Pihak Ketiga), dan LDR(Loan Deposit Ratio) dan BI RATE sebagai variabel independen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel BOPO, NIM, dan NPL bergerak positif sementara variabel Total Kredit bergerak negatif terhadap tingkat suku bunga pinjaman. Variabel DPK dan BI Rate bergerak positif sementara variabel LDR bergerak negatif terhadap tingkat suku bunga simpanan.

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Based on data from Bank Indonesia interest income contributed 76% to total gross income of the bank's operations. This shows the interest income of banks is an important component in the bank's profitability. Due to the interest rate is a component of gross revenue that result in the bank's operations, it is important to know what factors affect the level of interest rates in the current year. This thesis identifies factors the bank's internal and external factors that affect interest rate in the period 2009-2013. The object of this study using the 109 registered banks active in Bank Indonesia. The interest rates on loans and deposits as dependent variable. BOPO ratio (operasting expense to operational income), NIM ratio (Net Interest Margin), NPL ratio (Non Performing Loan), total kredit, TPF (Third Party Fund), LDR (Loan Deposit Ratio) and BI RATE as independent variables. The result: BOPO, NIM and NPL have positive effect meanwhile Credit have negative effect to loan interest rates. TPF and BI Rate have positive effect meanwhile LDR have negative effect to deposit interest rates."

"Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh liberalisasi perdagangan terhadap ekspor furniture Indonesia sejak tahun 1999 sampai 2006. penelitian ini bermaksud menguji pengaruh variabel pendapatan uni eropa, harga relatif serta liberalisasi perdagangan terhadap pertumbuhan ekspor furniture Indonesia. Kebijakan liberalisasi perdagangan diukur dengan indikator bea masuk Uni Eropa untuk produk furniture.Slain untuk menganalisa variabel-variabel yang mempengaruhi perdagangan furniture Indonesia negara-negara Uni Eopa,penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran posisis komoditi furnituremlalui indeks spesialisasi oerdagangan berdasarkan produk. Indeks tersebut dapat menggambarkan teori Life Cycle Product, yaitu gambaran komoditi berada pada tahap substitusi impor, tahap perluasan ekspor, tahap pematangan ataupun berada pada tahap mengalami kejenuhan.Hasil uji kointegrasi dan model koreksi kesalahan menunjukan bahwa pada jangka panjang liberalisasi perdagangan memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap laju pertumbuhan ekspor furniture Indonesia. Dalam jangka pendek, faktor harga sangat mempengaruhi ekspor furniture Indonesia, Nilai error correction term ekspor menunjukan speed of adjustment, yaitu kecepatan kembali ke kondisi keseimbangan.Rekomendasi dari hasil penelitian ini adalah: perlu adanya kebijakan industri nasional yang difokuskan pada ekspansi ekspor dengan cara diversifikasi produk dan pasar serta melakukan negosiasi perdagangan dengan memfokuskan pada pembukaan akses pasar dan penurunan tarif ekskalasi."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan mengaji signifkansi peningkatan nilai rata-rata hasil ujian nasional (UN) SMP di kabupaten Garut dari tahun 2004sampai 2006 Data sekunder yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari Pusat Penilaian Pendidikan

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"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tingkat utang, kepemilikan direksi, serta kepemilikan asing terhadap rata-rata remunerasi karyawan pada perusahaan-perusahaan sektor non-keuangan di Indonesia. Penelitian Ini menemukan bahwa tingkat utang memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap rata-rata remunerasi karyawan. Di sisi lain, kepemilikan asing memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap rata-rata remunerasi karyawann. Kepemilikan direksi ternyata tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada rata-rata remunerasi karyawan. Hal tersebut diduga terjadi karena kepemilikan direksi pada perusahaan-perusahaan di Indonesia masih minim dibandingkan dengan kepemilikan pemegang saham eksternal lainnya.

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ABSTRACTThis research is aimed to analyze the effect of leverage, managerial ownership, and foreign ownership on average employee remueneration in non-financial firms listed in Indonesia. The result show that leverage has negative effect on average employee remuneration. On the other hand, foreign ownership has positive effect on average employee remuneration. Unfortunately, managerial ownership significantly does not affect average employee remuneration. This could be because the managerial ownership in Indonesian’s firm is still low compare to other external shareholder., This research is aimed to analyze the effect of leverage, managerial ownership, and foreign ownership on average employee remueneration in non-financial firms listed in Indonesia. The result show that leverage has negative effect on average employee remuneration. On the other hand, foreign ownership has positive effect on average employee remuneration. Unfortunately, managerial ownership significantly does not affect average employee remuneration. This could be because the managerial ownership in Indonesian’s firm is still low compare to other external shareholder.]"